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The Aztecs ruled much of Mexico from the thirteenth century until the Spanish conquest in 1521. Outside of the imperial capital of Tenochtitlan, various urban centers ruled the numerous city-states that covered the central Mexican landscape. This work demonstrates the ways in which these city-state capitals were different from Tenochtitlan.
Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztec empire before the Spanish conquest, rivaled any other great city of its time. In Europe, only Paris, Venice, and Constantinople were larger. Cradled in the Valley of Mexico, the city is unique among New World capitals in that it was well-described and chronicled by the conquistadors who subsequently demolished it. This means that, though centuries of redevelopment have frustrated efforts to access the ancient city's remains, much can be told about its urban landscape, politics, economy, and religion.While Tenochtitlan commands a great deal of attention from archaeologists and Mesoamerican scholars, very little has been written about the city for a non-technical audience in English. In this fascinating book, eminent expert Jose Luis de Rojas presents an accessible yet authoritative exploration of this famous city--interweaving glimpses into its inhabitants' daily lives with the broader stories of urbanization, culture, and the rise and fall of the Aztec empire.
For more than a century researchers have studied Maya ruins, and sites like Tikal, Palenque, Copan, and Chichen Itza have shaped our understanding of the Maya. Yet the lowlands of Belize, which were once home to a rich urban tradition that persisted and evolved for almost 2,000 years, are treated as peripheral to these great Classic period sites. The hot and humid climate and dense forests are inhospitable and make preservation of the ruins difficult, but this oft-ignored area reveals much about Maya urbanism and culture.Using data collected from different sites throughout the Maya lowlands, including the Vaca Plateau and the Belize River Valley, Brett Houk presents the first synthesis of these unique monuments and discusses methods for mapping and excavating. Considering the sites through the theoretical lenses of the built environment and ancient urban planning, Houk vividly reconstructs their political history, how they fit into the larger political landscape of the Classic Maya, and how the ancient cities fell apart over time.
An examination of the archaeological data on the Inka capital of Cusco through the lens of urban planning.
Ancient cities were complex social, political, and economic entities, but they also suffered from inequality, poor sanitation, and disease - often more than rural areas. In The Ancient Urban Maya, Scott Hutson examines ancient Maya cities and argues that, despite the hazards of urban life, these places continued to lure people for many centuries.
The Casma state, which flourished on the north coast of Peru in the centuries before European contact, is an important and vastly understudied ancient culture. Its capital city, El Purgatorio, was inhabited from ca. 700-1400 AD. Melissa Vogel investigates this extensive, monumental urban site in The Casma City of El Purgatorio.
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