Bøger i Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology serien

The cells which originally process antigen are called an tigen-presenting cells. The peptides of protein antigens reappear on the surface of the antigen-presenting cells, where they must become associated with membrane proteins encoded by genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in order to be recognized by T-Iymphocytes.

Arenaviruses cause severe human diseases known primarily as the hemor rhagic fevers occurring in South and Latin America (Bolivia: Machupo virus and Argentina: Junin virus) and in Africa (Lassa virus).

Arenaviruses cause severe human diseases known primarily as the hemor rhagic fevers occurring in South and Latin America (Bolivia: Machupo virus and Argentina: Junin virus) and in Africa (Lassa virus).

Not surprisingly, increased understanding of B-cell differentiation sometimes results from the application of new techniques that permit greater insight into the cells comprising the system and the genetic mechanisms by which these cells express their differentiative potential.

Discovery of the mechanism for V(D)J hypermutation remains a basic goal of immunology despite the best efforts of many labo ratories. Our work has not only shown us what the mutator is not, it has also, like an artist's preliminary sketch, defined the questions and experiments we must face without diminishing the potential for new biology.

Most lymphocytes recirculate throughout the body, migrating from blood through organized lymphoid tissues such as lymph nodes (LN) and Peyer's patches (PP), then to lymph and back to blood (GOWANS and KNIGHT 1964).

Oral immunization has a fascinating and frequently successful history, yet it has been largely overshadowed by other immunization methods. This volume gives oral immunization the attention it deserves in light of recent methodological and technical advances in antigen delivery systems.

It is worth noting that while addressing the hypothesis of the role of class II major histocompatibility glycoproteins in autoimmune diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes, IDDM) a number of investigators established animal models in which class II molecules were expressed under the control of the rat insulin promoter.

The purpose of this volume is to highlight some current areas of poxvirus research which are likely to be particularly fruitful in the upcoming few years.

The first volume, CTMI 156, (see page VI for contents) provided data on the animal models and experimental approaches currently employed to evaluate both the autoimmune and virologic factors contributing to the causation and patho genesis of diabetes.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first such factor to be characterized (LEVI MONTALCINI and HAMBURGER 1953) and has served as the model against which all similar factors are compared. These include: three structurally related factors, NGF itself (SCOTT et al. acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF, bFGF) (ABRAHAM et al.

Almost 30 years ago RITOSSA described a new puffing pattern in salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila following heat shock.

Pioneering work on hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus, and the discovery of hepatitis B-like virus in animals during the 1970's has been followed, over the past ten years, by an explosion of interest in how these viruses replicate, maintain chronic infections, and cause liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

There has been no literature up to now treating the Bunyaviridae in general as a family. The book demonstrates how they are maintained in nature and how they replicate and sometimes cause disease.

Understanding the mechanisms involved in intracellular movement and localization of proteins is a central issue in cell biology. In several chapters, particular attention is given to studies with viruses that are assembled by budding at specific membrane sites within the cell or at the cell surface;

An integrated retrovirus effectively becomes part of the cellular genome, but with the difference that the virus to a large extent retains control over its own expression through nontranslated sequences in the long terminal repeat (L TR).

Transmission between humans was originally reco gnized in the unique epidemiology of kuru in New Guinea tribesmen, and concern about transmission from animals to humans has re-emerged as a result of the current epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in dairy cattle in Great Britain.

Stem cells are now derived not only from bone marrow but also from peripheral blood, cord blood, and fetal liver, greatly increasing their availability for human transplantation and in some cases (fetal tissues) obliterating the need to match donors and hosts.

ADP-ribosylating toxins have been the focus of intensive research for more than 30 years. Toxins which ADP-ribosylate heterotrimeric G-proteins involved in trans membrane signal transduction are the subject of the next two chapters.

Many RNA viruses have been known for decades to be genetically and biologically quite variable. This hypermutability of RNA replicons provides great biological adaptability for RNA virus genomes.

In this volume a comprehensive review of membrane proteinsthat regulate complement and perforin-mediated cytolysis ispresented.