Bøger i De Gruyter Textbook serien

In the two-volume set 'A Selection of Highlights' we present basics of mathematics in an exciting and pedagogically sound way. This volume examines fundamental results in Algebra and Number Theory along with their proofs and their history. In the second edition, we include additional material on perfect and triangular numbers. We also added new sections on elementary Group Theory, p-adic numbers, and Galois Theory. A true collection of mathematical gems in Algebra and Number Theory, including the integers, the reals, and the complex numbers, along with beautiful results from Galois Theory and associated geometric applications. Valuable for lecturers, teachers and students of mathematics as well as for all who are mathematically interested.

Introduces students to appropriate use of computer programming within the scientific disciplines using Python. Discusses several common applications of programming and implementation using real world examples and hands on programming exercises. Students learn how to model situations such as image recognition, medical diagnosis, spread of disease, and others. The text could be used by students and lecturers for courses in Python, Numerical Methods, or as a first course in Data Science.

This book may serve as a basis for students and teachers. The text should provide the reader with a quick overview of the basics for Optimal Control and the link with some important conceptes of applied mathematical, where an agent controls underlying dynamics to find the strategy optimizing some quantity. There are broad applications for optimal control across the natural and social sciences, and the finale to this text is an invitation to read current research on one such application. The balance of the text will prepare the reader to gain a solid understanding of the current research they read.

Industrial Chemistry examines the chemical processes performed in industry and looks at how they affect our livesby discussing the by-products, pollution/ waste generation, and attempts at making processes more ecologically friendly, or "greener". The author establishes connections between basic chemistry and the chemical processes that are used in real life. This 2nd Edition includes expanded and revised chapters, e.g. on fuel production.

Follow step-by-step explanations to understand mathematical models - algebraic and differential equations - of chemical reactors and how numerical models workin computer implementation. Learn the basics behind current user-friendly tools in numerical simulation and optimization of reactor systems (Python, Matlab, Julia and gPROMS). Discover how to select the right algorithm for specific reactor models from homogenous to multiphase systems and structured reactors in detailed discussions at the end of each chapter. In this second edition, 20 solved example simulations performed in MATLAB and Python are included for demonstration purposes.

Many nonlinear systems around us can generate a very complex and counter-intuitive dynamics that contrasts with their simplicity, but their understanding requires concepts that are outside the basic training of most science students. This textbook, which is the fruit of graduate courses that the authors have taught at their respective universities, provides a richly illustrated introduction to nonlinear dynamical systems and chaos and a solid foundation for this fascinating subject. It will satisfy those who want discover this field, including at the undergraduate level, but also those who need a compact and consistent overview, gathering the concepts essential to nonlinear scientists.The first and second chapters describe the essential concepts needed to describe nonlinear dynamical systems as well as their stability. The third chapter introduces the concept of bifurcation, where the qualitative dynamical behavior of a system changes. The fourth chapter deals with oscillations, from their birth to their destabilization, and how they respond to external driving. The fifth and sixth chapters discuss complex behaviors that only occur in state spaces of dimension three and higher: quasi-periodicity and chaos, from their general properties to quantitative methods of characterization. All chapters are supplemented by exercises ranging from direct applications of the notions introduced in the corresponding chapter to elaborate problems involving concepts from different chapters, as well as numerical explorations.

This book covers the most important topics that people working as process control engineers and plant operators will encounter. It focuses on PID control, explains when to use P-, PI-, PD- or PID control as well as PID tuning and includes difficult to control process nonlinearities such as valve stiction or sensor problems. The book also explains advanced control strategies that are necessary when single loop control gives insufficient results. The key features of the text in front of you are: This book is a result of teaching the material to industrial practitioners over three decades and four previous editions in Swedish, each of which was a refi nement of the previous one. A key contribution of this book is the careful selection of what is required when you are at a plant and have to make sense of what you see. The book is written in such a way that it does not assume mathematical knowledge above the compulsory school level. Process control sits between control engineering and process or chemical engineering and often there is a distinct gap between the two. By explaining both the fundamentals of control and the processes the book is written to appeal to control engineers and process engineers alike. The book includes exercises and solutions and thus lends itself for teaching in the classroom.

This book provides an excellent platform for understanding the chemical processes involved in food transformation. Starting with the examination of major food components, such as water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and minerals, the author further introduces the biochemistry of digestion and energy metabolism of food ingredients. The last section of the book is devoted to modern food technologies and their future perspectives.

When the author began working on phosphors based on rare-earth elements, he lacked an introductory textbook that explained the fundamental chemistry, basic optical properties, and magnetic characteristics of lanthanide elements. This book provides a concise overview of the rare-earth elements and is divided into two parts. In the first part, the reader receives an overview of solid-state chemistry and fundamental physical properties of these elements. Key topics of the first part include the separation chemistry of lanthanides, their chemical behaviour and physical properties. Then relevant compound classes are illustrated, crystal structures are systematically explained. The second part focuses on the optical and magnetic properties on relevant examples, also discussing many applications. Students and researchers new to the topic of "Rare-Earth Elements" receive a comprehensive introduction to understand basic optical and magnetic properties and incentives for deeper studies.

Micro and nano devices are an integral part of modern technology. To address the requirements of the state-of-the-art technology, topics are selected from both chip-based and flexible electronics. A wide range of carbon materials including graphene, carbon nanotube, glass-like carbon, porous carbon, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanofiber, laser-patterned carbon and heteroatom containing carbon are covered. This goal is to elucidate fundamental carbon material science along with compatible micro- and nanofabrication techniques. Real-life example of sensors, energy storage and generation devices, MEMS, NEMS and implantable bioelectronics enable visualization of the outcome of described processes. Students will also benefit from the attractive aspects of carbon science explained in simple terms. Hybridization, allotrope classification and microstructural models are presented with a whole new outlook. Discussions on less-studied, hypothetical and undiscovered carbon forms render the contents futuristic and highly appealing.

This textbook provides ample opportunities for practice and real experimental demonstrations. Conceptual understanding and mastering key techniques are enhanced by rigorous derivations, numerous worked examples, more than 300 exercises, about 150 problems and 16 computer codes. The preface summarizes all of the key concepts and formulas, along with a detailed schedule for teaching. The first three chapters introduce the quantum idea, wave-particle duality, operators and measurement. The Noether theorem is invoked to introduce the Schrödinger equation, followed by applications to infinite and finite quantum wells, quantum tunneling, harmonic oscillators, Heisenberg equation of motion, uncertainty principle, blackbody radiation and photoelectric effect. Chapters 4 and 5 are on angular momentum, the hydrogen atom and time-independent approximate methods. Chapters 6 and 7 are on spin and time-dependent perturbation theory. Chapters 8, 9 and 10 are on molecular orbitals, energy bands, quantum transport, scanning tunneling microscopy, lattice vibrations, Berry phase and quantum computing. The book is intended for a one-semester or one-year course and is also appropriate for researchers in related fields.

This book is a basic textbook of comprehensive thermal science and energy utilization technologies, which is divided into two parts: Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer. Engineering Thermodynamics mainly introduces the basic concepts and laws of thermodynamics, thermophysical properties of commonly used working medium, analysis of typical thermal processes and cycles and ways to improve the cycle efficiency. Heat Transfer mainly introduces the basic laws of heat conduction, convection and radiation, together with the solving methods and technical measures to control the heat transfer process, and design and check methods for heat exchangers. This book absorbs the experience and advantages of similar textbooks, enriches the discussion of basic concepts and laws, and expands the scope of knowledge of thermal engineering. Whether the readers are students embarking on their academic journey or seasoned engineers seeking to enhance their understanding of thermal phenomena, "Thermal Engineering: Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer" is an indispensable resource that bridges theory with practice, offering invaluable insights into the complexities of thermal systems and their relevance to modern engineering challenges.

In recent years, nanoelectronics has become very interdisciplinary requiring students to master aspects of physics, electrical engineering, chemistry etc. The 2nd edition of this textbook is a comprehensive overview of nanoelectronics covering the necessary quantum mechanical and solid-state physics foundation, an overview of semiconductor fabrication as well as a brief introduction into device simulation using the non-equilibrium Greens function formalism. Equipped with this, the work discusses nanoscale field-effect transistors and alternative device concepts such as Schottky-barrier MOSFETs as well as steep slope transistors based on different materials. In addition, cryogenic operation of MOSFETs for the realization of, e.g., classical control electronics of semiconducting spin qubits is studied. The work contains a number of tasks, examples and exercises with step-by-step video solutions as well as tutorial videos that deepen the understanding of the material. With additional access to simulation tools that allow students to do computational experiments, the emphasis is on thorough explanation of the material enabling students to carry out their own research.

This book treats the elements of discrete mathematics that have important applications in computer science, thus providing the necessary tools for the reader to come to a competent mathematical judgement of modern developments in the age of information. Almost all assertions are shown with full proofs. Exercises are provided, with solutions presented in full detail.

Transport and diffusion processes are central in numerous scientific and technical applications. Prominent examples are the temperature distribution in continuous media, the flow of liquids or gases, the dynamics of reaction-diffusion systems, or the concentration distributions in mixtures. The theoretical and numerical description of these systems is based on partial differential equations. The theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics provides a frame to derive these equations from basic conservation laws and first principles. The first part of the textbook discusses the concept of equilibrium thermodynamics and its generalization to systems in local equilibrium. Thermodynamic fluxes are defined and caused by generalized forces. Finally, linear relations, the Onsager relations, between fluxes and forces allow for a closed description. In this way, conservation equations for mass (continuity), momentum (Euler or Navier-Stokes), and energy (temperature) are derived and solved analytically or numerically for several examples. The second part is based on the kinetic gas theory describing a classical many particle system. At the example of a perfect gas the conservation equations derived phenomenologically in the first part are thereby put on statistical grounds. The textbook addresses advanced Bachelor or Master students of physics, mechanical engineering and applied mathematics.

Water chemistry, water sources, water pollutants, and microbiological contaminants are all covered in the book. The basic concepts of water chemistry are well taught. Along with stormwater management and green infrastructure, the book also examines the theoretical underpinnings of a number of water treatment and analysis procedures. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students, environmental researchers, chemists, and lab technicians who work in water and environmental laboratories could all benefi t from this book. Chemical engineers and operators are the primary target audience for the majority of books on the market, thus both technicians and chemists can gain a lot from this book.

Organic Chemistry: 25 Must-Know Classes of Organic Compounds covers the main organic compounds. It includes aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, halide, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing compounds. It presents heterocyclic compounds and common organic mechanisms and describes carbonyl compounds, organic polymers and organic molecules with applications in medicinal chemistry.

This book is an introduction to machine learning, with a strong focus on the mathematics behind the standard algorithms and techniques in the field, aimed at senior undergraduates and early graduate students of Mathematics. There is a focus on well-known supervised machine learning algorithms, detailing the existing theory to provide some theoretical guarantees, featuring intuitive proofs and exposition of the material in a concise and precise manner. A broad set of topics is covered, giving an overview of the field. A summary of the topics covered is: statistical learning theory, approximation theory, linear models, kernel methods, Gaussian processes, deep neural networks, ensemble methods and unsupervised learning techniques, such as clustering and dimensionality reduction. This book is suited for students who are interested in entering the field, by preparing them to master the standard tools in Machine Learning. The reader will be equipped to understand the main theoretical questions of the current research and to engage with the field.

This book is intended as an introduction to Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics for students in mathematics, the physical sciences, engineering, and related fields. It is based on the author's 25 years of experience teaching probability and is squarely aimed at helping students overcome common difficulties in learning the subject. The focus of the book is an explanation of the theory, mainly by the use of many examples. Whenever possible, proofs of stated results are provided. All sections conclude with a short list of problems. The book also includes several optional sections on more advanced topics. This textbook would be ideal for use in a first course in Probability Theory. Contents: Probabilities Conditional Probabilities and Independence Random Variables and Their Distribution Operations on Random Variables Expected Value, Variance, and Covariance Normally Distributed Random Vectors Limit Theorems Introduction to Stochastic Processes Mathematical Statistics Appendix Bibliography Index

Industrial Organic Chemistry examines all major industrial manufacturing technologies and reaction types with a focus on organic chemistry in general and petroleum refining in particular. The author takes a systematic approach to introducing the most important classes of organic compounds, from the C1 fraction through to polyaromatics and polymers. The author introduces biological sources for key compounds such as fuel and plastics and compares these bio-based organic materials to the corresponding petroleum-based chemicals. In addition to the chemistry behind processes in the petroleum, pharma, food and agrochemical industries, this book also discusses related topics such as process selectivity, waste management, and product purification. .

Industrial Inorganic Chemistry adds to the previously published graduate level textbooks on Industrial Chemistry by Mark A. Benvenuto. It focuses specifically on inorganic processes, from the largest industrial process for the production of major inorganic chemicals and metals, down to and including smaller niche processes that have become extremely important in maintaining the current quality of life. The book provides a survey on the production of essential elements and compounds, such as sulfuric acid, calcium carbonate, fertilizers as well as numerous metals and alloys. In addition to the fundamental scientific principles each chapter includes discussions on the environmental impacts: mining of raw materials, creation of by-products, pollution, and waste generation, all of which have become key factors for the potential implementation of greener methods. The author also highlights ways in which industry has begun to make industrial inorganic processes more environmentally benign. Examines major inorganic chemistry processes, their effect on every-day life and current efforts to improve processes or adapt "green" chemical production. Provides didactic links between theoretical lecture contents and current, largescale chemical processes. Valuable for students of Inorganic Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science.

This text offers a unique balance of theory and a variety of standard and new applications along with solved technology-aided problems. The book includes the fundamental mathematical theory, as well as a wide range of applications, numerical methods, projects, and technology-assisted problems and solutions in Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB. Some of the applications are new, some are unique, and some are discussed in an essay. There is a variety of exercises which include True/False questions, questions that require proofs, and questions that require computations. The goal is to provide the student with is a solid foundation of the mathematical theory and an appreciation of some of the important real-life applications. Emphasis is given on geometry, matrix transformations, orthogonality, and least-squares. Designed for maximum flexibility, it is written for a one-semester/two semester course at the sophomore or junior level for students of mathematics or science.

The book concerns with solving about 650 ordinary and partial differential equations. Each equation has at least one solution and each solution has at least one coloured graph. The coloured graphs reveal different features of the solutions. Some graphs are dynamical as for Clairaut differential equations. Thus, one can study the general and the singular solutions. All the equations are solved by Mathematica. The first chapter contains mathematical notions and results that are used later through the book. Thus, the book is self-contained that is an advantage for the reader. The ordinary differential equations are treated in Chapters 2 to 4, while the partial differential equations are discussed in Chapters 5 to 10. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, for researchers in engineering, physics, chemistry, and others. Chapter 9 treats parabolic partial differential equations while Chapter 10 treats third and higher order nonlinear partial differential equations, both with modern methods. Chapter 10 discusses the Korteweg-de Vries, Dodd-Bullough-Mikhailov, Tzitzeica-Dodd-Bullough, Benjamin, Kadomtsev-Petviashvili, Sawada-Kotera, and Kaup-Kupershmidt equations.

Abstract algebra is the study of algebraic structures like groups, rings and fields. This book provides an account of the theoretical foundations including applications to Galois Theory, Algebraic Geometry and Representation Theory. It implements the pedagogic approach to conveying algebra from the perspective of rings. The 3 rd edition provides a revised and extended versions of the chapters on Algebraic Cryptography and Geometric Group Theory.

The book provides an overarching perspective on sustainability from a historical, practical and legal perspective. It offers a holistic understanding of economic and ecologic concepts. Schools for sustainable business models are introduced and discussed. As a broader concept Life Cycle Assessments are discussed and examples for their application are provided with a focus on CO2 Footprints. Ecodesign as measures for reducing Carbon Footprints are introduced both for physical products and for service organizations. From an organizational perspective it is clear that managing the reduction of the sustainability-related impact is a matter that has to involve all stakeholders. Tasks for all involved are given and their contributions are described. As it is crucial to provide evidence for the activities reported audits are described as well methods to transfer information to the appropriate stakeholders. The book is targeted at practitioners and students who want to get to know the subject or need to implement the respective measures in companies.