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This book addresses the challenging task of demand forecasting and inventory management in retailing.

Retail shelf management means cost-efficiently aligning retail operations with consumer demand. Retailers need to match consumer demand with shelf supply by balancing variety (number of products) and service levels (number of items of a product), and by optimizing demand and profit through carefully calibrated prices.

Therefore, science-based support for addressing such new class of problems needs to replace the traditional "deterministic predictions" analysis by new methods and tools for designing decisions that are robust against the involved uncertainties and risks.

This work starts from the empirical observation that all three dimensions, namely time, space, and structural functional forms, are important for an integrative framework of modern empirical analysis in regional science.

This handbook is a sequel to an earlier volume entitled "A Theory of Supercritical Wing Sections, with Computer Programs and Examples." We should like to make this material available here, since it is more convenient to use the design program in conjunction with data for a fairly broad range of examples.

IRIA LABORIA, Institut de Recherche d'Informatique et d'Automatique

The object of this collection of essays is to acquaint the English speaking reader with the work of the IFO Institute for Economic Re search, tlunich, in the field of business cycle surveys.

The purpose of this monograph is to illuminate the central issues of dynamic analysis applied to economic models, using a generally accepted language of the study of dynamical systems at a level of sophistication likely to be understood by an economist versed in elementary topology.

Furthermore, a classification number is defined allowing a formal description of a test problem, and the documentation scheme is described which is used in Chapter IV to present the problems.

This work was written during my visits at CORE (Belgium), at the Faculty of Economics and Politics in Cambridge (England), and at the Department of Mathematics at the ETH in ZUrich. In 1981 it was accepted as a "Habi1itations schrift" in Mathematical Economics by the Department of Mathematics at the ETH in ZUrich.

During the week of September 20-23, 1983, an International Workshop on Interactive Decision Analysis and Interpretative Computer Intelligence was held at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Laxenburg, Austria.

'l'he papers contained in this volume were originally presented at the International symposium on New Directions in Urban Systems Modelling held at the University of Waterloo in July, 1983.

The value of information indicates the maximum tolerable information costs, and its knowledge, therefore, enables - by comparing with the actual information costs - to evaluate the profitability of an information procurement.

Such a discussion on the dynamics of the classical process of competition and the stability of classical production prices was originally initiated by several papers by Nikaido (1977, 1983, 1984) and further pursued by several scholars (see Steedman, 1983;

The investigation of special topics in systems dynamics -uncertain dynamic processes, viability theory, nonlinear dynamics in models for biomathematics, inverse problems in control systems theory-has become a major issue at the System and Decision Sciences Research Program of the International Insti tute for Applied Systems Analysis.

The approach presented in this book combines two aspects of generalizations of the noncooperative game as developed by Nash.

This volume consists of papers presented at the Fourth International Workshop on Computer-Aided Scheduling of Public Transport, which was held in Hamburg from 28th to 31st July 1987.

Generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation of nonlinear systems has two important advantages over conventional maximum likelihood (ML) estimation: GMM estimation usually requires less restrictive distributional assumptions and remains computationally attractive when ML estimation becomes burdensome or even impossible.

I have to thank the people behind the B\'IF,X-project, in particular Donald Knuth and Leslie Lamport, for their wonderful typesetting program. lowe much gratitude to my academic teacher Prof. His empha sis on clear theory combined with sound econometric methods formed my personal ideal of how to do applied economics.

The book contains perspectives on the way new informationtechnology might reorient the spatial organization ofactivity. Considerable debate is focused on therole of distance and the way in which new informationtechnology might re-shape interaction and, eventually, theform and function of urban areas.

Vector optimization has two main sources coming from economic equilibrium and welfare theories of Edgeworth (1881) and Pareto (1906) and from mathemat ical backgrounds of ordered spaces of Cantor (1897) and Hausdorff (1906).

Furthermore various ways of controlling the product flow in the model are investigated, such as Base Stock Control, Workload Control, control by finite buffers and control by the Reorder Point System.

To this end the conference was organised round five broad themes and papers were solicited on the following topics:- Psychology - how do individuals in practice use and relate to the methodologies. Organisation - how do our models fit into the decision making framework of real organisations.

The theory of economic development is a branch of economic dynamics. Similarly, rather than dealing with the psychological and institutional aspects of in economic development processes we only suggest ways (or methods, as Hicks would call them) for analyzing what determines economic development from the point of view of "pure" economics.

In Chapter 2 attention is paid to a generalization of the well-known first order autocorrelation transformation of a linear regression model with disturbances that follow a first order Markov scheme.

This volume consists of papers presented at the Fifth International Workshop on Computer Aided Scheduling of Public Transport, which was held in Montreal from August 19th to the 23rd, 1990.