Bøger i Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology serien

This volume collects ten surveys on the modeling, simulation, and applications of active particles using methods ranging from mathematical kinetic theory to nonequilibrium statistical mechanics.

This contributed volume explores innovative research in the modeling, simulation, and control of crowd dynamics. Chapter authors approach the topic from the perspectives of mathematics, physics, engineering, and psychology, providing a comprehensive overview of the work carried out in this challenging interdisciplinary research field. The volume begins with an overview of analytical problems related to crowd modeling. Attention is then given to the importance of considering the social and psychological factors that influence crowd behavior ¿ such as emotions, communication, and decision-making processes ¿ in order to create reliable models. Finally, specific features of crowd behavior are explored, including single-file traffic, passenger movement, modeling multiple groups in crowds, and the interplay between crowd dynamics and the spread of disease.Crowd Dynamics, Volume 4 is ideal for mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and other researchers working in the rapidly growing field of modeling and simulation of human crowds.

In particular, the work covers active R filters, OTA-C filters, and switched-capacitor filters, including topics such as differential output opamps, sensitivity analysis for passive components, multiple-feedback techniques, double-sampling, and N-path filters.

This monograph aims to lay the groundwork for the design of a unified mathematical approach to the modeling and analysis of large, complex systems composed of interacting living things.

With chapters on free boundaries, constitutive equations, stochastic dynamics, nonlinear diffusion-consumption, structured populations, and applications of optimal control theory, this volume presents the most significant recent results in the field of mathematical oncology.

Since the parameters in dynamical systems of biological interest are inherently positive and bounded, bounded noises are a natural way to model the realistic stochastic fluctuations of a biological system that are caused by its interaction with the external world.

This monograph provides a detailed look at eddy viscosity models from theoretical and numerical angles. In particular, it gives a rigorous derivation of these models and shows through careful analysis how they can be applied to oceanic and atmospheric flows.

Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization will be of interest to graduate students involved in mathematical modeling and simulation, as well as engineers and researchers in applied mathematics looking for an up-to-date introduction to optimization techniques, sensitivity analysis, and optimal design.

This collection of selected chapters offers a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art mathematical methods and tools for modeling and analyzing cancer phenomena.

Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization will be of interest to graduate students involved in mathematical modeling and simulation, as well as engineers and researchers in applied mathematics looking for an up-to-date introduction to optimization techniques, sensitivity analysis, and optimal design.

The subject of pattern analysis and recognition pervades many aspects of our daily lives, including user authentication in banking, object retrieval from databases in the consumer sector, and the omnipresent surveillance and security measures around sensitive areas.

This book is a unique combination of a basic guide to general analog circuit simulation and a SPICE OPUS software manual, which may be used as a textbook or self-study reference.

Specifically, it deals with modeling and simulations of biological systems whose dynamics follow the rules of mechanics as well as rules governed by their own ability to organize movement and biological functions.

Computational fluid-structure interaction and flow simulation are challenging research areas that bring solution and analysis to many classes of problems in science, engineering, and technology. Young investigators under the age of 40 are conducting much of the frontier research in these areas, some of which is highlighted in this book. The first author of each chapter took the lead role in carrying out the research presented. The topics covered include Computational aerodynamic and FSI analysis of wind turbines,Simulating free-surface FSI and fatigue-damage in wind-turbine structural systems,Aorta flow analysis and heart valve flow and structure analysis,Interaction of multiphase fluids and solid structures,Computational analysis of tire aerodynamics with actual geometry and road contact, andA general-purpose NURBS mesh generation method for complex geometries.This book will be a valuable resource for early-career researchers and students - not only those interested in computational fluid-structure interaction and flow simulation, but also other fields of engineering and science, including fluid mechanics, solid mechanics and computational mathematics - as it will provide them with inspiration and guidance for conducting their own successful research. It will also be of interest to senior researchers looking to learn more about successful research led by those under 40 and possibly offer collaboration to these researchers.

Organized into seven distinct parts arranged by thematic topics, the papers included cover basic methods and applications of CFD, flows with moving boundaries and interfaces, phase-field modeling, computer science and high-performance computing (HPC) aspects of flow simulation, mathematical methods, biomedical applications, and FSI.

This book offers a new approach to third-order aberrations theory. It presents the basic elements of third-order aberrations of optical telescopes, along with the necessary mathematical background, to design almost all optical combinations used in astronomy.

This book presents the physical principles pertinent to the mathematical modeling of soft materials used in engineering, including man-made materials and biological tissues. It offers two theories of elasticity and their associated theories of viscoelasticity.

This volume explores the complex problems that arise in the modeling and simulation of crowd dynamics in order to present the state-of-the-art of this emerging field and contribute to future research activities.

This book contains a collection of original research articles and review articles that describe novel mathematical modeling techniques and the application of those techniques to models of cell motility in a variety of contexts.

Organized into seven distinct parts arranged by thematic topics, the papers included cover basic methods and applications of CFD, flows with moving boundaries and interfaces, phase-field modeling, computer science and high-performance computing (HPC) aspects of flow simulation, mathematical methods, biomedical applications, and FSI.

This textbook takes a broad yet thorough approach to mechanics, aimed at bridging the gap between classical analytic and modern differential geometric approaches to the subject.

This book describes problems in the field of performance analysis, primarily the study of storage systems and the diverse mathematical techniques that are required for solving them. Overall, the book displays the surprising relevance of abstract mathematics that is not usually associated with applied mathematics topics.

Large-Scale Networks in Engineering and Life Sciences

This book offers a broad overview of the potential of continuum mechanics to describe a wide range of macroscopic phenomena in real-world problems.

In recent years kinetic theory has developed in many areas of the physical sciences and engineering, and has extended the borders of its traditional fields of application. Specific applications presented include plasma kinetic models, traffic flow models, granular media models, and coagulation-fragmentation problems.

This book offers a unified presentation that does not discriminate between atmospheric and space flight.

Valuable for its wide-ranging yet thorough approach to mechanics, this textbook succeeds in bridging the often daunting divide between classical analytical and modern differential geometries, and reflects the author's decades-long teaching experience.

This volume compiles eight recent surveys that present state-of-the-art results in the field of active matter at different scales, modeled by agent-based, kinetic, and hydrodynamic descriptions. Following the previously published volume, these chapters were written by leading experts in the field and accurately reflect the diversity of subject matter in theory and applications. Several mathematical tools are employed throughout the volume, including analysis of nonlinear PDEs, network theory, mean field approximations, control theory, and flocking analysis. The book also covers a wide range of applications, including:Biological network formationSocial systemsControl theory of sparse systemsDynamics of swarming and flocking systemsStochastic particles and mean field approximationsMathematicians and other members of the scientific community interested in active matter and its many applications will find this volume to be a timely, authoritative, and valuable resource.

This edited volume provides an essential resource for urban morphology, the study of urban forms and structures, offering a much-needed mathematical perspective.