Bøger i Physics of Earth and Space Environments serien

This book provides the first coherent account of a well-known approach to the problem of light scattering by small anisotropic particles. In this extended second edition the authors have encompassed all the new topics arising from their recent studies of cosmic dust grains. Thus many chapters were deeply revised and new chapters were added.

This book presents a collection of reviews prepared for the conference "Atmosphere, Ionosphere, Safety," held in Kaliningrad, Russia, in July 2012. The diversity of scope presented offers readers an up-to-date overview of trends, questions and their solutions.

The book presents a collection of articles devoted to atmospheric and ionospheric science reported during the Conference "Atmosphere, Ionosphere, Safety" held in Kaliningrad, Russia in July 2010. It consists of reviews devoted to physics of elementary processes, aerosols, ionosphere dynamics, microwave discharges and plasmoids.

The final section of the book is concerned with the exploitation of data, with chapters on observational aspects, which includes both individual and synergistic studies, and on the comparison of global and regional observations with chemical transport and climate models and the added value that the interaction brings to both.

All aspects of our lives are influenced by the weather and especially severe weather events - such considerations tend to become more pertinent as such weather events may become more frequent with global warming. It is evident that better weather forecasts for the next few hours, days or even weeks have a high economic value for our developed and densely populated world. Ground and air traffic management benefits, as does the construction industry, tourism, agriculture and big outdoor events such as the Olympic games. Weather fore­ casting nowadays relies on numerical weather prediction models. The reliability and accuracy of forecasts however depends not only on the quality and resolution of these models, but to a high degree on the density and quality of input data from observations. Weather radar measurements complement current data such as ground observations and soundings at smaller scales and satellite observations on larger scales. Targeted weather radar measurements additionally give detailed insight into the processes governing the developments of, for example, frontal systems and thunderstorms, which is needed for improving the model quality by comparing the observations with model forecasts. Weather radar observations on their own can be used directly for short-term forecasting, called nowcasting, just by observ­ ing the developments of weather systems some 100 km around and extrapolating the observations with knowledge of their typical behaviour. Finally, with reliable quantitative measurements of area precipitation by radar, flood forecasts will be improved.

This book presents a collection of reviews prepared for the conference "Atmosphere, Ionosphere, Safety," held in Kaliningrad, Russia, in July 2012. The diversity of scope presented offers readers an up-to-date overview of trends, questions and their solutions.

Developments in three-dimensional cloud radiation over the past few decades are assessed and distilled into this contributed volume.

Developments in three-dimensional cloud radiation over the past few decades are assessed and distilled into this contributed volume.

The final section of the book is concerned with the exploitation of data, with chapters on observational aspects, which includes both individual and synergistic studies, and on the comparison of global and regional observations with chemical transport and climate models and the added value that the interaction brings to both.

This book uses the Lagrangian approach, especially useful and convenient for studying large-scale transport and mixing in the ocean, to present a detailed view of ocean circulation.

Planetary Aeronomy is a modern and concise introduction to the underlying physical and chemical processes that govern the formation and evolution of the upper atmospheres of planets.

This research monograph deals with the study of wave phenomena caused by winds in the world's oceans. It pays particular attention to developments that take into account the propagation of ocean waves at global distances and their interaction with the sea bottom, ocean currents and ice cover.

The book presents a collection of articles devoted to atmospheric and ionospheric science reported during the Conference "Atmosphere, Ionosphere, Safety" held in Kaliningrad, Russia in July 2010. It consists of reviews devoted to physics of elementary processes, aerosols, ionosphere dynamics, microwave discharges and plasmoids.

Kant, Semenov Institute of chemical physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkov Institute of terrestrial magnetism and radio-waves propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and Russian Committee on Ball Lightning (BL) have acted as organizers of the conference.

Authored by leading international researchers, this monograph introduces and reviews developed tomograhic methods for discovering 2D and 3D structures of the ionosphere, and discusses the experimental implementation of these methods. The detailed derivations and explanations make this book an excellent starting point for non-specialists.

This book shows how cosmogenic radionuclides can trace and reconstruct the history of a variety of processes. Demonstrates the strength of analytic tools based on cosmogenic radionuclides, and their potential use in solving present and future problems.

Offers an overview of advanced methods, applications and modern research of weather radar systems from the European perspective. This book features a chapter that summarizes principles of weather radars and discusses the potential of modern radar systems, including Doppler and polarisation techniques, data processing, and error-correction methods.

Kant, Semenov Institute of chemical physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkov Institute of terrestrial magnetism and radio-waves propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and Russian Committee on Ball Lightning (BL) have acted as organizers of the conference.

The first part of this book reviews the basics of atmospheric chemistry, radiation transport, and optical spectroscopy before detailing the principles underlying DOAS. The second part describes the design and application of DOAS instruments as well as the evaluation and interpretation of spectra.