Bøger i River Publishers Series in Chemical, Environmental, and Energy Engineering serien

Biotechnology for Treatment of Wastes Containing Metals addresses various aspects related to different wastes that have a metallic content and represent a serious risk for the environment and human health. These wastes, due to their physical and chemical characteristics, have been the object of studies which have led to the development of different technologies in recycling, reuse or adequate disposal, biotechnology being one of these alternatives. Biotechnology offers a range of options for the treatment of types of waste using microorganisms, biomass and their by-products. The mechanisms involved in these waste treatment processes are diverse and complex, and its optimization and efficiency is multifactorial.This text contains nine chapters related to the problem of the metal contamination in the environment as well as some of the different biotechnological alternatives that have been applied for the reduction and/or recovery of metal contamination.

Qanat is a gently sloping subterranean canal, which taps a water-bearing zone at a higher elevation than cultivated lands. A qanat consist of a series of vertical shafts in sloping ground, interconnected at the bottom by a tunnel with a gradient flatter than that of the ground. From the air, this system looks like a line of anthills leading from the foothills across the desert to the greenery of an irrigated settlement. Qanat engages a variety of knowledge and its studying entails an interdisciplinary approach. In a traditional realm, qanats are embraced by a socio-economic system which guarantees their sustainability. The facets of this socio-economic system operate closely together and make it possible for the qanats to remain into future.Veins of the Desert shows that digging a qanat requires a variety of sciences and technologies, though at a glance qanat is just a horizontal tunnel which drains out groundwater. Qanat is a feat of technology left from our ancestors; hidden underground, but its technical importance is apparent, not less valuable than such surface structures as bridges, castles, towers, etc. Qanat enjoys extended structures and sometimes its length reaches tens of kilometers. It passes through geological formations and faces different conditions and obstacles, so the qanat masters' efforts to solve these problems led to the accumulation of knowledge in terms of qanat construction over time, which has been handed down from generation to generation. Qanat is one of the most complicated traditional technologies, which require knowledge on nature ranging from groundwater to management. This indigenous technology used to bring water efficiently from tens of kilometers away to the thirsty lands.This book also gives insight into cultural and social heritages, which have crystalized around this technique.

The world's ever-increasing need for fresh water has led to the use of non-conventional sources such as rain and fog water collection. Although rain water collection is relatively simple, the supply is often erratic. Passive fog water collection has been used in several parts of the world but is only relevant to certain geographical locations. Dew occurrence, however, is far more widespread, can form in most climates and geographic settings, show high frequency and prevalence throughout the year. During the past 20 years, dew collection has therefore been investigated as a serious supplemental source of fresh water. Dew Water offers a thorough review of dew, its formation characteristics and potential for dew collection, for audiences that include policy-makers, non-governmental organizations involved in development aid and sustainable development, engineers, urban planners, researchers and students.After providing a background on atmospheric water, humid air, and sky and materials emissivity, the book deals with dew formation and its estimation with a focus on the use of meteorological data. Dew measurement techniques are reviewed and discussed as well as dew collection by passive means. Computational fluid dynamics technique is described for better design of dew collectors. Dew quality (chemistry, biology) is assessed in view of potable water quality. Costs and economic aspects are also considered.

In dealing with the IUCN, one must bear in mind that there never has been, and undoubtedly never will be, any other organization even remotely resembling it. Its peculiarities, subtleties and complexities are sometimes mind-boggling (Nicholson 1990 in Holdgate 1999: ix). Green Web-II investigates IUCN's role in global biodiversity conservation policy as well as in national program development in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. It explores how nature protection priorities and approaches are promoted or addressed by IUCN, an international organization, and how environment conservation policies are created and maintained in states with different capacities of South Asia. It also evaluates IUCN's competency in bio-diversity, climate change, nature conservation and environmental policy formulation at global, regional and country level. This study is the first detailed scholarly study on the IUCN as an organization as well as on its efforts in biodiversity conservation. This book adds to our knowledge, firstly by contributing to a small but growing body of work on the sociology of international organizations. IOs, especially International Governmental Organizations (IGOs), have long been the subject of mostly political science. Secondly, it applies a fuller sociological imagination to the study of IOs by critically exploring one of the largest and most active nature conservation organizations in the world. Thirdly, it also explores how the IUCN actually goes about building protectoral programs with individual member nations. Additionally, the book explores the recent development of the green economy (GE) concepts into IUCN's program planning today. The green economy initiative applies a people-first approach. Although the concept is relatively new, this research explores the theoretical development of a green economy and illustrates how this theory is applied in IUCN's program planning to program implementation.

If the city is everywhere, and everything is a city, if the urbanised world now is a chain of metropolitan areas connected by places and corridors of communication, then what is not urban? Above all, which forests are not urban forests? This book seeks to reflect on the connotation of urban forestry in line with related emergent holistic theories.

This book describes Spatial planning, urbanization, sustainable development, economic crisis, Mediterranean Europe.

The book presents unexplored issues of economic inequality, including case studies of various countries. This book book examines the major parameters of the socio-economic issues of inequality and focuses on the key economic issues of inequality, namely, income and wealth distribution, equity & equality of outcome, and equality of opportunities.

This collection of edited papers gives an integrated understanding of the question of "why is society unequal"? This book is aimed at those stakeholders, who want to make or contribute to change and build an undivided, socially inclusive society, and to those who want to contribute to empowering society in the Twenty-First century.

This edited book presents some unexplored issues of economic inequality, including case studies of various countries. Inequality is a chronic and divisive factor of society. Inequality exists as an integral attribute of human development.

The book covers basic approaches to the nuclear fuel state of energy reactors in the last stages of the nuclear fuel cycle, these have been developed by the authors based on Ukrainian Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) operational experience. The book is essential reading for anyone concerned with NPP maintenance and safety.

Spreading a culture of tolerance and peace is necessary to address contemporary issues of world peace. This book aims to increase feelings of openness and respect toward others, solidarity and sharing based on a sense of security in one's own identity and capacity to recognize dimensions of being human in different cultural and social contexts.

This book illustrates different aspects of local strategic development introducing a novel interpretation of the intimate relationship between demographic and economic aspects in complex socio-environmental systems. A specific approach investigating the mechanisms of local development, cultural and environmental values is proposed.

Modern robots have arrived at a mature state both in their mechanical and mental abilities. An Introduction to Robophilosophy explores the philosophical questions that arise in the development, creation, and use of mental, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic robots that are capable of semiautonomous / autonomous operation, decision making and human-like action.

Presents procedures taken in the oil and gas industry for identifying well problems, and suggests means of solving problems with the help of the coil tube unit which is used for improving well productivity and techniques like acidizing and hydraulic fracturing.

Drawing on the expertise of a team of international authors, this book provides a simple, encompassing, and "multidisciplinary" introduction to desalination. The reader-friendly chapters are designed to cover the topic of desalination as a whole, and strike a balance between the technical and non-technical.

Helps readers to understand the current status in the field of waste management, as well as the research taking place. Technical topics discussed in the book include municipal solid waste management; recycling of WEEE; waste to industrially important product like lignin and cellulose; and polymer and plastic recycling.

In dealing with the IUCN, one must bear in mind that there never has been, and undoubtedly never will be, any other organization even remotely resembling it. This book investigates IUCN's role in global biodiversity conservation policy as well as in national program development in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh.