Bøger i Springer Monographs in Mathematics serien

This monograph covers the recent major advances in various areas of set theory. In three parts the author offers us what in his view every young set theorist should learn and master....This well-written book promises to influence the next generation of set theorists, much as its predecessor has done."

The primary aim of this monograph is to achieve part of Beilinson's program on mixed motives using Voevodsky's theories of A1-homotopy and motivic complexes.

Shape theory, an extension of homotopy theory from the realm of CW-complexes to arbitrary spaces, was introduced by Borsuk 30 years ago and Mardesic contributed greatly to it. One expert says: "If we need a book in the field, this is it! It is thorough, careful and complete."

Besides giving an introduction to Commutative Algebra - the theory of c- mutative rings - this book is devoted to the study of projective modules and the minimal number of generators of modules and ideals. A module is called p- jective, iff it is a direct summand of a free one.

With applications in mind, this self-contained monograph provides a coherent and thorough treatment of the configuration spaces of Euclidean spaces and spheres, making the subject accessible to researchers and graduates with a minimal background in classical homotopy theory and algebraic topology.

In its Second Edition, this in-depth study of the vibrations of fractal strings interlinks number theory, spectral geometry and fractal geometry. Includes a geometric reformulation of the Riemann hypothesis and a new final chapter on recent topics and results.

This edited volume offers a detailed account of the theory of directed graphs from the perspective of important classes of digraphs, with each chapter written by experts on the topic. Outlining fundamental discoveries and new results obtained over recent years, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research in the field. It covers core new results on each of the classes discussed, including chapters on tournaments, planar digraphs, acyclic digraphs, Euler digraphs, graph products, directed width parameters, and algorithms. Detailed indices ease navigation while more than 120 open problems and conjectures ensure that readers are immersed in all aspects of the field. Classes of Directed Graphs provides a valuable reference for graduate students and researchers in computer science, mathematics and operations research. As digraphs are an important modelling tool in other areas of research, this book will also be a useful resource to researchers working in bioinformatics, chemoinformatics, sociology, physics, medicine, etc.

The aim of the present monograph is a thorough study of the adic-completion, its left derived functors and their relations to the local cohomology functors, as well as several completeness criteria, related questions and various dualities formulas.

This book emphasizes those basic abstract methods and theories that are useful in the study of nonlinear boundary value problems. They show how these diverse topics are connected to other important parts of mathematics, including topology, functional analysis, mathematical physics, and potential theory.

Singular algebraic curves have been in the focus of study in algebraic geometry from the very beginning, and till now remain a subject of an active research related to many modern developments in algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry, and tropical geometry.

This monograph presents the current status of a rapidly developing part of several complex variables, motivated by the applicability of effective results to algebraic geometry and differential geometry. Special emphasis is put on the new precise results on the L² extension of holomorphic functions in the past 5 years.In Chapter 1, the classical questions of several complex variables motivating the development of this field are reviewed after necessary preparations from the basic notions of those variables and of complex manifolds such as holomorphic functions, pseudoconvexity, differential forms, and cohomology. In Chapter 2, the L² method of solving the d-bar equation is presented emphasizing its differential geometric aspect. In Chapter 3, a refinement of the OkäCartan theory is given by this method. The L² extension theorem with an optimal constant is included, obtained recently by Z. B¿ocki and separately by Q.-A. Guan and X.-Y. Zhou. In Chapter 4, various results on the Bergman kernel are presented, including recent works of Maitani¿Yamaguchi, Berndtsson, Guan¿Zhou, and Berndtsson¿Lempert. Most of these results are obtained by the L² method. In the last chapter, rather specific results are discussed on the existence and classification of certain holomorphic foliations and Levi flat hypersurfaces as their stables sets. These are also applications of the L² method obtained during the past 15 years.

The aim of the present monograph is a thorough study of the adic-completion, its left derived functors and their relations to the local cohomology functors, as well as several completeness criteria, related questions and various dualities formulas.

This book deals with elliptic differential equations, providing the analytic background necessary for the treatment of associated spectral questions, and covering important topics previously scattered throughout the literature.Starting with the basics of elliptic operators and their naturally associated function spaces, the authors then proceed to cover various related topics of current and continuing importance. Particular attention is given to the characterisation of self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators acting in a Hilbert space and, for elliptic operators, the realisation of such extensions in terms of boundary conditions. A good deal of material not previously available in book form, such as the treatment of the Schauder estimates, is included. Requiring only basic knowledge of measure theory and functional analysis, the book is accessible to graduate students and will be of interest to all researchers in partial differential equations. The reader will value its self-contained, thorough and unified presentation of the modern theory of elliptic operators.

The book provides a comprehensive, detailed and self-contained treatment of the fundamental mathematical properties of boundary-value problems related to the Navier-Stokes equations. This book is the new edition of the original two volume book, under the same title, published in 1994.

The 1963 Goettingen notes of T. A. Springer are well known in the field but have been unavailable for some time. This book is a translation of those notes, completely updated and revised. The part of the book dealing with the algebraic structures is on a fairly elementary level, presupposing basic results from algebra.

People were already interested in prime numbers in ancient times, and the first result concerning the distribution of primes appears in Euclid's Elemen ta, where we find a proof of their infinitude, now regarded as canonical.

This book provides an introduction to the ergodic theory and topological dynamics of actions of countable groups. The more advanced material includes Popa's cocycle superrigidity, the Furstenberg-Zimmer structure theorem, and sofic entropy. The structure of the book is designed to be flexible enough to serve a variety of readers.

This book is a translation of the earlier book written by Koji Doi and the author, who revised it substantially for this English edition. It offers the basic knowledge of elliptic modular forms necessary to understand recent developments in number theory. It also treats the unit groups of quaternion algebras, rarely dealt with in books;

This book introduces Lie groups and their actions on manifolds and provides in-depth applications of fundamental principles, while remaining accessible to a range of mathematicians and graduate students. Includes appendices on theory and multilinear algebra.

Absolute values and their completions - such as the p-adic number fields - play an important role in number theory. In valuation theory, the notion of completion must be replaced by that of "Henselization". This book develops the theory of valuations as well as of Henselizations, based on the skills of a standard graduate course in algebra.

This book presents a self-contained exposition of the theory of cellular automata on groups and explores its deep connections with recent developments in geometric group theory and other branches of mathematics and theoretical computer science.

This book classifies all families of orthogonal polynomials satisfying a second-order differential or difference equation with polynomial coefficients, which leads to the families of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials belonging to the Askey scheme.

These short notes, already well-known in their original French edition, present the basic theory of semisimple Lie algebras over the complex numbers. The last chapter discusses the connection between Lie algebras, complex groups and compact groups.

The book is aimed at people working in number theory or at least interested in this part of mathematics. It is hoped that this may be helpful in preventing rediscoveries of old results, and might also inspire the reader to look at the work done earlier, which may hide some ideas which could be applied in contemporary research.

Among others, this monograph presents the most successful existence theorems known and construction methods for Galois extensions as well as solutions for embedding problems combined with a collection of the existing Galois realizations.

The real reason that they are indispensable for number theory, however, lies in the fact that special values of the Riemann zeta function can be written by using Bernoulli numbers. a formula for Bernoulli numbers by Stirling numbers; congruences between some class numbers and Bernoulli numbers;

This book covers a broad spectrum of results in logic and set theory relevant to the foundations, as well as, the results in computational complexity and the interdisciplinary area of proof complexity. It presents the ideas behind the theoretical concepts.

Written by leading experts in the field, this monograph provides homotopy theoretic foundations for surgery theory on higher-dimensional manifolds. Presenting classical ideas in a modern framework, the authors carefully highlight how their results relate to (and generalize) existing results in the literature.

This introduction to modern set theory opens the way to advanced current research. Coverage includes the axiom of choice and Ramsey theory, and a detailed explanation of the sophisticated technique of forcing. Offers notes, related results and references.