Bøger i SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering serien

It starts with the derivative-free proof of conjugate matching, goes through the nonlinear, resistive maximum power theorem and its reversal, extension of the concept of equivalence in the case of nonlinear circuits, application of the nonlinear, and resistive maximum power theorem for diode measurement.

This book discusses the enhancement of efficiency in currently used solar cells. The authors have characterized different structures of the solar cell system to optimize system parameters, particularly the performance of the Copper-Tin-Sulphide solar cell using Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). This research can help scientist to overcome the current limitations and build up new designs of the system with higher efficiency and greater functionality. The authors have investigated the corresponding samples from various viewpoints, including structural (crystallinity, composition and surface morphology), optical (UV-vis-near-IR transmittance/re¿ectance spectra) and electrical resistivity properties. Describes investigations on Cu2SnS3 solar cells and prospective low cost absorber layer of thin film solar cells;Discusses the potential device structure of Copper-Tin-Sulphide based on thin film technologies;Explains solar cell structure optimization to perform a higher conversion efficiency of Copper-Tin-Sulphide.

The purpose of this book is to distinguish the single-de-source multilevel inverter topologies and to teach their control, switching and voltage balancing. It includes new information on voltage balancing and control of multilevel inverters.The book answers some important questions about the revolution of power electronics converters:1- Why multilevel inverter are better than 2-level ones?2- Why single-de-source multilevel inverters are a matter of interest?3- What are the redundant switching states and what do they do?4- How to use redundant switching states in control and voltage balancing?5- What are the applications of single-de-source multilevel inverters?

Four typical application scenarios are examined in detail, namely the stationary IoT device scenario, frequency division duplex-based low-mobility IoT device scenario, time-division duplex-based IoT device scenario, and high-mobility IoT device scenario.

This SpringerBrief introduces the current research status on emerging multiple access schemes for mMTC, which provides an integrated reference for future research works.

This SpringerBrief mainly focuses on effective big data analytics for CPS, and addresses the privacy issues that arise on various CPS applications.

This book describes Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and the significant factors which affect its adoption, such as governance, strategy, complexity, Return on Investment (ROI), business and IT alignment, culture and communication, costs, and security.

This Springerbreif introduces a threshold-based channel sparsification approach, and then, the sparsity is exploited for scalable channel training. Last but not least, this brief introduces two scalable cooperative signal detection algorithms in C-RANs. The authors wish to spur new research activities in the following important question: how to leverage the revolutionary architecture of C-RAN to attain unprecedented system capacity at an affordable cost and complexity.Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is a novel mobile network architecture that has a lot of significance in future wireless networks like 5G. the high density of remote radio heads in C-RANs leads to severe scalability issues in terms of computational and implementation complexities. This Springerbrief undertakes a comprehensive study on scalable signal processing for C-RANs, where ¿scalable¿ means that the computational and implementation complexities do not grow rapidly with the network size.This Springerbrief will be target researchers and professionals working in the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-Ran) field, as well as advanced-level students studying electrical engineering.

Each year, the Annual BCI Research Award recognizes the top new projects in brain-computer interface (BCI) research.

This SpringerBrief investigates and reviews the development and various applications of mobile crowd sensing (MCS). With the miniaturization of sensors and the popularity of smart mobile devices, MCS becomes a promising solution to efficiently collect different types of information, such as traffic conditions, air quality, temperature and more, which is covered in this brief. The features, novelty, and applications of MCS are elaborated in detail in this brief. In addition, the basic knowledge about auction theory and incentive mechanism design is introduced.Incentive mechanism design plays a key role in the success of MCS. With an efficient incentive mechanism, it is possible to attract enough mobile users to participate in a MCS system, thus enough high quality sensing data can be collected. Two types of incentive mechanisms with different system models are introduced in this brief. One is the reputation-aware incentive mechanism, and another is the social-aware incentive mechanism.This SpringerBrief covers the significance and the impacts of both reputation and social relationship of smartphone users (SUs) in MCS and presents extensive simulation results to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed incentive mechanisms compared with some existing counterparts.The target audience for this SpringerBrief is researchers and engineers in the area of wireless communication and networking, especially those who are interested in the mobile crowd sensing or incentive mechanism design. Meanwhile, it is also intended as a reference guide for advanced level students in the area of wireless communications and computer networks.

This SpringerBrief introduces the basics of wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs). In particular, the background and concept of WPCNs are briefly discussed. Moreover, this brief provides an extensive study of the recent developments in this area from an optimization perspective. Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a new network paradigm for IoT, where wireless devices (WDs) are powered by radio frequency (RF) based wireless power transfer (WPT) to eliminate the need for recharging or replacing the batteries manually and to prolong their lifetime.In this context, the brief also discusses some optimization problems for state-of-the-art scenarios of wireless powered communication networks.The target audiences for this SpringerBrief are researchers, engineers, and undergraduate and graduate-level students, who are studying or working in wireless powered communication networks and its performance optimization.

This SpringerBrief discusses the applications of spare representation in wireless communications, with a particular focus on the most recent developed compressive sensing (CS) enabled approaches. With the help of sparsity property, sub-Nyquist sampling can be achieved in wideband cognitive radio networks by adopting compressive sensing, which is illustrated in this brief, and it starts with a comprehensive overview of compressive sensing principles. Subsequently, the authors present a complete framework for data-driven compressive spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks, which guarantees robustness, low-complexity, and security. Particularly, robust compressive spectrum sensing, low-complexity compressive spectrum sensing, and secure compressive sensing based malicious user detection are proposed to address the various issues in wideband cognitive radio networks. Correspondingly, the real-world signals and data collected by experiments carried out during TV white space pilot trial enables data-driven compressive spectrum sensing. The collected data are analysed and used to verify our designs and provide significant insights on the potential of applying compressive sensing to wideband spectrum sensing. This SpringerBrief provides readers a clear picture on how to exploit the compressive sensing to process wireless signals in wideband cognitive radio networks. Students, professors, researchers, scientists, practitioners, and engineers working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief very useful as a short reference or study guide book. Industry managers, and government research agency employees also working in the fields of compressive sensing in wireless communications will find this SpringerBrief useful as well.

This book introduces Radio Frequency Cell Site Engineering to a broad audience. The author blends theory and practice to bring readers up-to-date in key concepts, underlying principles and practical applications of wireless communications. The presentation is designed to be easily accessible, minimizing mathematics and maximizing visuals.

This book investigates the effect of sintering temperature on willemite based glass-ceramic doped with different content of Er2O3. It is the first to report research on producing willemite by using waste materials and using trivalent erbium (Er3+) as a dopant.

This book demonstrates the implementation of an automated measuring system for very efficient measurement of chromatic dispersion, which uses a modulation phase shift method over long haul of optical single mode fiber.

This Springerbrief presents a deep reinforcement learning approach to wireless systems to improve system performance.

This book gives a comprehensive and systematic review of secure compressive sensing (CS) for applications in various fields such as image processing, pattern recognition, Internet of things (IoT), and cloud computing.

This SpringerBrief covers the security and privacy challenges in fog computing, and proposes a new secure and privacy-preserving mechanisms to resolve these challenges for securing fog-assisted IoT applications.

The first chapter puts the emphasis on the air gap magnetomotive force (MMF) of Rotating AC machines and the second chapter deals with the formulation of the rotating fields that could be generated considering different technique.

The book discusses the modeling of induction and synchronous machines aimed at the synthesis of dedicated control strategies. The first part focuses on induction machines (IMs), and starts with the analysis of the principle of operation, which is based on the induction phenomenon.

This SpringerBrief addresses the main security concerns for smart grid, e.g., the privacy of electricity consumers, the exchanged messages integrity and confidentiality, the authenticity of participated parties, and the false data injection attacks. Moreover, the authors demonstrate in detail the various proposed techniques to secure the smart grid's different communication networks and preserve the privacy of the involved.Over many years, power grid has generated electricity from central generators and distributed it in one direction from the generation stations to end-users; also, information is one directional so that the grid's control center doesn't get enough information about customers' requirements and consequently can't prevent electricity losses. So, the electricity grid is merged with information and communication technology to form smart grid. The main target of this incorporation is to connect different parties of power grid to exchange information about grid conditions and customers' requirements, and consequently, improve the reliability and efficiency of electricity generation and distribution.That upgrade of the power grid exposes it to the cyber security threats that the communication networks suffer from, such as malicious attacks to forge the electricity consumption readings or price, extract personal information for residential consumers, such as daily habits and life style, or attack some grid's resources and equipment availability using denial-of-service attacks. Also, novel threats are introduced in smart grid due to the power grid nature, such as false data injection attack, in which the adversary compromises several measurement units and injects false information about the grid conditions that mislead the grid's control center to make wrong decisions for the grid and consequently impact on its stability and efficiency.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of multiple access techniques used in the cellular industry. The usage of multiple access techniques in telecommunications enables many users to share the same spectrum in the frequency domain, time domain, code domain or phase domain.

This book introduces the concept of smart city as the potential solution to the challenges created by urbanization. This book describes different components of Internet of Things (IoT) for smart cities including sensor technologies, communication technologies, big data analytics and security.

This SpringerBrief provides a comprehensive study of the unique security threats to cognitive radio (CR) networks and a systematic investigation of the state-of-the-art in the corresponding adversary detection problems.

It discusses the methods and models for analysis and optimization of reliability and fault tolerance indices, based on which, it proposes and assesses methods for improving the availability, fault tolerance and performance of traction electric drives.

This SpringerBrief begins by introducing the concept of smartphone sensing and summarizing the main tasks of applying smartphone sensing in vehicles. Chapter 2 describes the vehicle dynamics sensing model that exploits the raw data of motion sensors (i.e., accelerometer and gyroscope) to give the dynamic of vehicles, including stopping, turning, changing lanes, driving on uneven road, etc. Chapter 3 detects the abnormal driving behaviors based on sensing vehicle dynamics. Specifically, this brief proposes a machine learning-based fine-grained abnormal driving behavior detection and identification system, D3, to perform real-time high-accurate abnormal driving behaviors monitoring using the built-in motion sensors in smartphones.As more vehicles taking part in the transportation system in recent years, driving or taking vehicles have become an inseparable part of our daily life. However, increasing vehicles on the roads bring more traffic issues including crashes and congestions, which make it necessary to sense vehicle dynamics and detect driving behaviors for drivers. For example, sensing lane information of vehicles in real time can be assisted with the navigators to avoid unnecessary detours, and acquiring instant vehicle speed is desirable to many important vehicular applications. Moreover, if the driving behaviors of drivers, like inattentive and drunk driver, can be detected and warned in time, a large part of traffic accidents can be prevented. However, for sensing vehicle dynamics and detecting driving behaviors, traditional approaches are grounded on the built-in infrastructure in vehicles such as infrared sensors and radars, or additional hardware like EEG devices and alcohol sensors, which involves high cost. The authors illustrate that smartphone sensing technology, which involves sensors embedded in smartphones (including the accelerometer, gyroscope, speaker, microphone, etc.), can be applied in sensing vehicle dynamics and driving behaviors. Chapter 4 exploits the feasibility to recognize abnormal driving events of drivers at early stage. Specifically, the authors develop an Early Recognition system, ER, which recognize inattentive driving events at an early stage and alert drivers timely leveraging built-in audio devices on smartphones. An overview of the state-of-the-art research is presented in chapter 5. Finally, the conclusions and future directions are provided in Chapter 6.

This book presents group recommender systems, which focus on the determination of recommendations for groups of users. The book includes a discussion of basic group recommendation methods, aspects of human decision making in groups, and related applications.

It starts with an exhaustive discussion on the fundamental best (linear and nonlinear) estimators, showing how they are connected to various important measures such as the coefficient of determination, the correlation coefficient, the conditional correlation coefficient, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).