Bøger i Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology serien

Using real-life data to better understand people's behavior in their natural environmentsReal-life and real-time data collection methods offer unprecedented opportunities to advance the understanding and promotion of physical and mental health. Everyday assessments offer valuable insights into the behavior of individuals in their natural environment, providing a more complete picture than experimental studies conducted in the laboratory. These insights can also be used to design more effective interventions to promote physical and mental health, for example, by tailoring intervention content to individual states using predictive algorithms.This volume shows that person-level moderators and contextual factors are crucial to consider when studying everyday life behaviors in the context of health and disease. Contributions include studies that primarily use digitally supported, multidimensional assessments in everyday life over a period of up to four weeks. Self-report and objective measures, such as current social media use or different biological parameters, are also used to address research questions in clinical and health psychology.

Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic for educational practice and policy in different contextsThe COVID-19 pandemic has challenged educational systems with dramatic changes to established practices. This is now a good time to focus on what we can learn from this global pandemic and ensuing economic crisis and how to support educational policies in steering and mitigating such crises in the future. Accordingly, the contributors explore a range of perspectives and different phases of the educational career and discuss the consequences for individuals, educational systems, and educational policy.This volume brings together current research on the effects of the pandemic and possible coping mechanisms from both developmental and educational psychology perspectives. Following a systematic meta-review on the existing state of research and research deficits, four empirical contributions with longitudinal designs investigate the experiences of parents, teachers, adolescents, and university students from Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

What have we learned about the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic?Although we have largely returned to a normal mode of life, with most pandemic-related protective measures having been lifted, research on the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing. This volume takes the opportunity to examine research from different psychological perspectives, including child and adolescent, educational, organizational, differential, biological, as well as social psychology.Eight chapters focus on aspects of mental health and well-being in particular affected target groups, including adolescents and students, teachers, crisis managers, and people with low socioeconomic status. The range of methods used in the original research is multi-faceted and includes, in addition to subjective surveys, ambulatory assessment, psychophysiological methods of fear conditioning, and genetic research approaches. Many of the contributions are based on well-characterized longitudinal cohorts. This volume demonstrates the diversity and methodological quality of the research that has been conducted under difficult pandemic conditions. Researchers, practitioners, and students will find the results helpful in developing evidence-based recommendations for at-risk groups to deal with similar future crises.

Methodological advances for meta-analyses and state-of-the-art research syntheses in psychologyThe seventh volume of "Hotspots in Psychology" features research on methodological advances in meta-analyses of psychological applications and highlights research syntheses that have a special relevance to the field. Methodological contributions explore new approaches of interest within the field of psychology on how to treat potential measurement errors in MASEM and how to apply the metaplot - a new descriptive visual tool as an alternative to the often-criticized funnel plot.Other contributions explore hotly debated topics or areas that have generated high levels of research activity, including a meta-analysis on the effects of meditation interventions. Furthermore, an application with large-scale panel data in educational research examines the commitment of students to their study program and study success over time. Using exceptional model mining, the study demonstrates a new framework to model structural heterogeneity. A systematic review on screening automation tools introduces existing screening tools and reviews evidence on their performance. The results provide guidance on how to reduce the screening workload when doing a systematic review.

This collection of contributions by international experts in the field provides an update on dark personality in the workplace, covering several different aspects including narcissism, power motives, and leadership outcomes of dark personality. Data has been collected in different countries, using different methodological approaches, and all contributions underwent peer review.The volume comprises current reviews of dark personality and narcissism in the workplace, explores innovative methodological approaches to measuring dark personality, looks at how to deal with dark leadership as well as presents several empirical contributions on the relationships between dark triad personality traits and states, power motives, motivation to lead, and abusive supervision. This is essential reading for personality researchers, occupational psychologist, and anyone interested in the Dark Triad and other dark personality traits.

Although there is agreement that well-being in school matters - for example, for student achievement, teacher optimal functioning, and school effectiveness - a more profound understanding is needed about the predictors, effects, and ways of promoting well-being in school. This topical volume presents up-to-date research on the role of well-being in school from the fields of educational sciences, educational psychology, and health science. The contributions investigate both teacher well-being and student well-being in different countries and by using various advanced methods.Importantly, well-being in school is understood in these articles as a multidimensional construct that takes the complexity of the term well-being and the educational setting into account. Accordingly, the contributors explore a range of approaches and instruments of how well-being in school can be investigated and discuss the benefits for individuals, schools, and educational systems in promoting well-being. The findings support the prominent role of well-being for students' and teachers' lives and encourage further research on well-being in school as there is a need for much more scientific knowledge in both theory and practice.

Learn more about why victims and observers of unfair treatment punish others This collection of contributions by international experts in the field focuses on studies replicating and/or qualifying previous research on a specific hypothesis that has dominated scientific debate on publishment motives for the last 25 years: the "intuitive retributivism" hypothesis, i.e., people believe intuitively that offenders should be punished because they deserve it. All the studies reported underwent peer review prior to data collection and the evidence from all the studies was aggregated in a meta-analysis. The contributions include a wide range of methodological approaches, such as economic games, information-search tasks, behavioral intentions, and self-reports. Moreover, data was collected from various populations, such as Germany, Italy, UK, and US, and from both adults and children. Lastly, several boundary conditions for the hypothesis were tested, such as the role of the punisher in the initial transgression, punisher status, transgression type or magnitude, centrality of punishment, thinking style, direct vs. indirect punishment, transgressor's power, and interindividual differences in punishers.

The joys and pains of using big data and research synthesis methods in the field of psychology This sixth collection of "Hotspots in Psychology" goes beyond presenting state-of-the-art systematic reviews and meta-analyses in research fields to also discuss the fruitfulness and challenges of using big data in psychological research. For instance, topics such as intensive longitudinal data (e.g., time series and experience sampling), nonobtrusive methods of data gathering (e.g., sensors and log data), and how big data can be handledand analyzed.Five contributions explore the application of individual participants meta-analyses as a way to replicate studies, the role of the degree of anthropomorphism ("humanlikeness") in human-robot interactions, the challenge of multiple dependent effect sizes when conducting a meta-analytical structural equation model, the value of using log data from online platforms as a way to predict learning outcomes, and the utility of a blockwise fit evaluation in structural equation models with many longitudinally measured variables. To promote open science, supplemental material is available in a repository.

A showcase of how the web can be used to advance psychological knowledgeWeb-based research methodology has evolved since the development of the world wide web in the 1990s and has proliferated and diversified with layers upon layers of new major developments in Internet technology and life generally (e.g., search engines, social media, smartphones, Open Science). This volume presents a selection of state-of-the-art contributions on web-based research in psychology. Expert authors explore research methodology, including new methods made possible through the web or research that cannot be done without the web. In addition, research ethics, which have special characteristics in the online research environment, are addressed to varying degrees, including deception and inclusivity. Further topics presented range from how web-based research can advance our knowledge on perception to the adoption of Open Science (including sharing data, materials, and preregistrations), as well as how behavior is observed in web-based research. This collection of contributions is a showcase of the creativity of researchers to find nifty new ways to harness the web to advance psychological research.