Bøger af Amod Sharma

La floricoltura in Nagaland ha fatto un grande balzo nell'economia dello Stato, aiutando i coltivatori che, per amore dei fiori, possono ora soddisfare le loro spese quotidiane e altre necessità attraverso questa impresa. La domanda di fiori freschi recisi ha portato un enorme impatto nel settore della floricoltura, fornendo reddito e occupazione soprattutto ai giovani casalinghi e disoccupati. Il presente studio è stato intrapreso durante l'annata agraria 2014-2015 nei distretti di Dimapur e Kohima del Nagaland per valutare la produzione e la commercializzazione dei fiori recisi. Lo studio comprende 75 campioni di intervistati seguendo un metodo di campionamento casuale semplice stratificato a più stadi basato sui coltivatori di fiori. La popolazione campione è stata classificata nei gruppi di coltivatori di Alstroemeria, Lilium, Anthurium, Gerbera e Orchidea. La dimensione media della famiglia era di 5,56 persone, di cui il 100% alfabetizzato, e i lavoratori costituivano il 46,66% della popolazione totale. Il costo totale per acro dei coltivatori di fiori recisi è stato di 46.600 rupie per acro, mentre il reddito lordo è stato di 2.32.520 rupie per acro con un rendimento netto medio di 1.82.782 rupie per acro, mentre il rapporto benefici-costi complessivo è stato di 1:4,97.

Die Blumenzucht in Nagaland hat einen großen Sprung in der Wirtschaft des Staates gemacht und hilft den Züchtern, die aus Liebe zu Blumen nun ihre täglichen Ausgaben und andere Bedürfnisse durch dieses Unternehmen decken können. Die Nachfrage nach frischen Schnittblumen hat einen enormen Einfluss auf den Blumenzuchtsektor, der sowohl Einkommen als auch Beschäftigung bietet, insbesondere für Hausfrauen und arbeitslose Jugendliche. Die vorliegende Studie wurde im Landwirtschaftsjahr 2014-2015 in den Bezirken Dimapur und Kohima in Nagaland durchgeführt, um die Produktion und Vermarktung von Schnittblumen zu untersuchen. Die Studie umfasst 75 Befragte, die nach der mehrstufigen geschichteten einfachen Zufallsstichprobenmethode auf der Grundlage der Blumenzüchter ausgewählt wurden. Die Stichprobenpopulation wurde in die Gruppen der Alstroemeria-, Lilium-, Anthurium-, Gerbera- und Orchideen-Züchter eingeteilt. Die durchschnittliche Familiengröße betrug 5,56 Personen, von denen 100,00 % lesen und schreiben konnten, und die Arbeiter machten 46,66 % der Gesamtbevölkerung aus. Die Gesamtkosten der Schnittblumenzüchter pro Hektar beliefen sich auf Rs 46.600/- pro Hektar, während das Bruttoeinkommen Rs 2.32.520/- pro Hektar betrug, mit einem durchschnittlichen Nettoertrag von Rs 1.82.782/- pro Hektar, während das gesamte Nutzen-Kosten-Verhältnis 1: 4,97 betrug.

La floriculture au Nagaland a fait un grand bond dans l'économie de l'État en aidant les cultivateurs qui, par amour des fleurs, peuvent maintenant satisfaire leurs dépenses quotidiennes et d'autres besoins grâce à cette entreprise. La demande de fleurs fraîches coupées a eu un impact énorme sur le secteur de la floriculture, fournissant des revenus ainsi que des emplois, en particulier parmi les ménagères et les jeunes chômeurs. La présente étude a été entreprise au cours de l'année agricole 2014-2015 dans les districts de Dimapur et de Kohima au Nagaland pour l'évaluation de la production et de la commercialisation des fleurs coupées. L'étude comprend 75 personnes interrogées en suivant la méthode d'échantillonnage aléatoire simple stratifié à plusieurs degrés basée sur les producteurs de fleurs. La population de l'échantillon a été classée dans les catégories Alstroemeria, Lilium, Anthurium, Gerbera et Orchidée. La taille moyenne des familles était de 5,56 personnes, dont 100 % étaient alphabétisées, et les travailleurs représentaient 46,66 % de la population totale. Le coût total par acre des producteurs de fleurs coupées était de 46 600 roupies par acre, le revenu brut étant de 2 32 520 roupies par acre avec un rendement net moyen de 1 82 782 roupies par acre, tandis que le rapport bénéfice-coût global était de 1: 4,97.

A floricultura em Nagaland deu um grande salto na economia do Estado, ajudando os produtores que, por amor às flores, podem agora satisfazer as suas despesas diárias e outras necessidades através desta atividade. A procura de flores frescas cortadas teve um enorme impacto no sector da floricultura, proporcionando rendimentos e emprego, especialmente entre os produtores domésticos e os jovens desempregados. O presente estudo foi realizado durante o ano agrícola de 2014-2015 nos distritos de Dimapur e Kohima, em Nagaland, para avaliar a produção e a comercialização de flores de corte, uma vez que o estudo inclui 75 amostras de inquiridos, seguindo o método de amostragem aleatória simples estratificada em várias fases, com base nos produtores de flores. A população da amostra foi classificada nos grupos de produtores Alstroemeria, Lilium, Anthurium, Gerbera e Orchid. A dimensão média das famílias era de 5,56, das quais 100,00 por cento eram alfabetizadas, e os trabalhadores constituíam 46,66 por cento da população total. O custo total por hectare dos produtores de flores de corte era de 46 600 rupias por hectare, enquanto o rendimento bruto era de 2 32 520 rupias por hectare, com um rendimento líquido médio de 1 82 782 rupias por hectare, sendo o rácio benefício-custo global de 1: 4,97.

Floriculture in Nagaland has taken a big leap in the state¿s economy helping the growers who for the love of flowers can now meet their daily expenditures and other needs through this venture. The demand of fresh cut flowers has brought a huge impact in the Floriculture sector providing income as well as employment especially among the home makers and unemployed youths. The present study being undertaken during the agricultural year 2014-2015 in Dimapur and Kohima districts of Nagaland for the assessment of production and marketing of cut flowers as the study comprises of 75 numbers of sample respondents by following multi-stage stratified simple random sampling method based on the flower growers. The sample population were categorized under Alstroemeria, Lilium, Anthurium, Gerbera and Orchid group of growers. The average family size was 5.56, out of which 100.00 per cent were literate, also the workers constituted 46.66 per cent of total population. The overall per acre total cost of cut flower growers was Rs 46,600/- per acre as the gross income was Rs 2, 32,520/- per acre with an average net return of Rs 1, 82,782/- per acre, while the overall benefit-cost ratio was 1: 4.97.

The present study being undertaken during the agricultural year 2014-2015 in Jaipur district of Rajasthan for the assessment of production and marketing of rapeseed and mustard crop, as the study comprises of 75 numbers of sample respondents by following multi-stage stratified random sampling method based on the land holding, as the average family size was 6.01, out of that 24.39 per cent was illiterate, also the workers constituted 44.12 per cent of total population, whereas the average size of holding was 3.46 ha. The overall per hectare total cost of rapeseed and mustard was Rs 16,794.96/- per ha with an average yield of 1,009.40 kg / ha. As the gross income was Rs 36,700.00/- per ha with an average net return of Rs 20,380.90/- per ha. While the overall benefit-cost ratio was 2.18: 1, two marketing channels were identified for the marketing of rapeseed and mustard crop viz; Channel I: Producer-Consumer and Channel II: Producer-Retailer-Consumer. The Producer¿s share in consumer¿s rupees was found highest on channel I. An attempt has been made to study the constraints faced by the growers during production and marketing.