Bøger af Bruce E. Johansen

From Flint, Michigan, to Standing Rock, North Dakota, minorities have found themselves losing the battle for clean resources and a healthy environment. This book provides a modern history of such environmental injustices in the United States and Canada.From the 19th-century extermination of the buffalo in the American West to Alaska's Project Chariot (a Cold War initiative that planned to use atomic bombs to blast out a harbor on Eskimo land) to the struggle for recovery and justice in Puerto Rico following Hurricane Maria in 2017, this book provides readers with an enhanced understanding of how poor and minority people are affected by natural and manmade environmental crises.Written for students as well as the general reader with an interest in social justice and environmental issues, this book traces the relationship between environmental discrimination, race, and class through a comprehensive case history of environmental injustices. Environmental Racism in the United States and Canada: Seeking Justice and Sustainability includes 50 such case studies that range from local to national to international crises.

This textbook introduces readers to basic scientific principles of climate change. Based on extensive empirical evidence, it explains weather events that indicate climate change¿s evolution and presents important topics connected to climate change, such as political controversies, climate policy, as well as Native American perspectives. Finally, it presents attempted solutions, including policy recommendations and technological proposals for necessary changes in our world.Providing a well-written and easy-to-follow overview of knowledge of science-based geophysical facts, including thermodynamics, the book puts a strong emphasis on why expeditious action on global warming is urgent. The book also explains why smart greenhouse-gas reduction strategies will ignite economic growth, generate new domestic jobs, protect public health, and strengthen energy security.Not assuming a scientific background on the part of the reader, Global Warming and the Climate Crisis: Science, Spirit, and Solutions offers an ideal supplemental reading in many types of courses in Earth sciences, climate policy, climate change sciences, as well as politics of climate change, from high school through undergraduate. General readers also will benefit from its treatment of this very important and timely issue.

Honoring the Circle: Ongoing Learning from American Indians on Politics and Society, Volume IV: What Would Be Good to Continue Learning from Indigenous Peoples about the Environment and Education opens showing the importance of making an Indigenous approach to the world's complex environmental crises. Narrowly focused Western science and culture have made great advances, enabling people to live longer and better. But failing to consider broad and long-term impacts of actions has brought the Earth to the threshold of environmental catastrophes. Human-influenced climate change is the most pressing, but pollution, overuse of resources and overpopulation are all involved.Indigenous decisionmakers would have avoided this crisis by noting that everything is part of an interrelated whole. Western culture and science, is moving in this direction, but needs to further integrate Native approaches, considering side effects of actions over time before acting. As situations change and the future is unpredictable, policy must be reviewed regularly. For example, new chemicals should not be approved for use before extensive investigation of their safety, with ongoing research on the effects of their use for updating their regulation.Western culture and science, have underestimated differences in locations and people, assuming that what works well for one will work for another. A farmer in Brazil, who purchased a harvester that functioned perfectly in Iowa almost lost his crop when it would not work on his Brazilian farm. Studies of the efficacy of a drug in one demographic segment often do not indicate its efficacy or side effects in another group. The Native notion of difference of place needs more attention.Understanding diversity also needs to be applied in education, adjusting for different learning styles and rates of individuals and cultures. U.S. education has often functioned poorly, but schools at all levels have done very well by taking an Indigenous approach, seeing education as providing guidance and protection in facilitating unique creative whole individuals' learning who they are, as responsible community members, through participating in a variety of positive experiences. The private coed Putney School, an example of Indian-influenced John Dewey's progressive education, is strong on academics, especially in the arts. It involves students in problem-solving and seeing all sides of issues in small classes with numerous individual projects. Students have many leadership opportunities, including serving with faculty and staff on the community council and school committees. They discuss community issues in assemblies and participate in running the school and its farm through work that may include tasks in community service organizations. With concern for the environment, Putney also offers experience in nature.East Harlem public schools, in one of the poorest communities in the U.S., went from the lowest to the highest educational achievement ratings for many years by moving to a variety of small programs for students with different needs. Cross-culturally, Nueva Escuela schools in rural Colombia, based on research on what works, with student team research and community involvement, outperformed urban schools. In higher education, students excelled when engaged with the subject matter in dialogue, simulation, guided imagination and community involvement.In conclusion, the four volumes of Honoring the Circle show the extensive ongoing learning of the West from Indians and the increasing advantage of living according to Indigenous values, as doing so comes more to the fore, as exemplified by the U.S. progressive movement, accompanied by an increase in Native voices, with a surge in Indians elected to office.

Honoring the Circle: Ongoing Learning from American Indians on Politics and Society, Volume I: The Impact of American Indians on Western Politics and Society to 1800 illuminates the tremendous impact American Indians have had on political, economic and social ideas, institutions and ways since first contact with Europeans. Recognizing that when people of different cultures interact, cultural exchange occurs, Volume I analyzes how traditional inclusive, participatory and mutually supportive American Indian societies functioned well, enabling their strong influence on the West.At contact Indians, wishing good neighbors, worked closely with early European settlers to educate them in Native ways. To varying degrees this Indianized the Europeans, leading to appreciation of democracy and diversity, in an Indianized American culture. Cultural impact is revealed in early American literature. It is distinct from Europe's, by its inclusion of the Indian.Native Americans were well respected in the English colonies, which applied Indian ways of council in town meetings and elected assemblies. By the time of the American Revolution, Indian symbols were in wide use in the colonies. Most European Americans identified as being a mix of the European and the Indian. The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawks in the Boston Tea Party out of respect and identification with Native ways.Important leaders such as Roger Williams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine interacted regularly with Indians. Moved by Native views of fundamental rights, political participation and federalism, they adopted such principles in American political institutions as in the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Constitution and state constitutions. Indian-style respectful discourse was widely adopted, including in procedures of the US Congress, contrasting with the rowdiness of Britain's Parliament.In Europe, from first contact, a flood of reports was received from the Americas with great interest on how Indigenous Americans "had no kings" or property. While among Europeans there was a mix of positive and negative views of Natives of "the New World," reports were overwhelmingly positive about Indians' freedom and good character.These reports had great impact on European thinkers. Beginning with Thomas More's Utopia, in 1519, numerous writers, including Montaigne and Voltaire, used Indian characters and imagined Indian societies to critique European societies and politics.Every major Western political philosophical tradition has been greatly affected by contact with Native Americans. Thomas Hobbes, who had negative views of Indians, began one of the two major shifts in mainstream Western thought resulting from interaction with Indians. Previously, nature had been seen as the end to which something aspired. Beginning with Hobbes, nature became seen as the origin from which things arose, with Indians living in, or near, a "state of nature." The second Indian-influenced shift came with John Locke. For the first time in Europe, he expressed the idea that rights were inalienable. Locke was greatly influenced by Indian ways, though his reaction to those ways sometimes involved agreeing with them, sometimes opposing them, and sometimes inspiring new trains of thought. His Indian-influenced ideas, like those of others in Europe, often reverberated to great effect in America.The ideas of Rousseau, more Indian-influenced than Locke, carried Native influence to the French Revolution and New Deal Liberalism. Socialist and anarchist thinkers' views were greatly affected by Indian influences transmitted through such writers.Honoring the Circle recognizes that Indian-inspired perspectives are one of many organic chains of interacting ideas--absorbed, reformulated and passed on by creative individuals interacting in interweaving cultures.

From Flint, Michigan, to Standing Rock, North Dakota, minorities have found themselves losing the battle for clean resources and a healthy environment. This book provides a modern history of such environmental injustices in the United States and Canada.From the 19th-century extermination of the buffalo in the American West to Alaska's Project Chariot (a Cold War initiative that planned to use atomic bombs to blast out a harbor on Eskimo land) to the struggle for recovery and justice in Puerto Rico following Hurricane Maria in 2017, this book provides readers with an enhanced understanding of how poor and minority people are affected by natural and manmade environmental crises.Written for students as well as the general reader with an interest in social justice and environmental issues, this book traces the relationship between environmental discrimination, race, and class through a comprehensive case history of environmental injustices. Environmental Racism in the United States and Canada: Seeking Justice and Sustainability includes 50 such case studies that range from local to national to international crises.

This book explores how the El Centro de la Raza has become part of a nationally significant work in progress on human rights and relations based on Dr. Martin Luther King's concept of a "Beloved Community" that crosses all ethnic, racial, and other social boundaries.

This volume addresses ten issues pertaining to energy and the environment, such as climate change, fossil fuels, endangered species, and renewable energy, and examines how these issues are affecting countries around the world.In the industrial age, first powered by coal and then more often by oil, environmental degradation nearly inevitably followed resource exploitation and energy production. This book examines environmental issues in specific countries around the world as well as solutions some of these countries have discovered in order to help save the environment.This volume includes 10 chapters, each addressing a specific issue relating to energy and the environment as it pertains to a variety of countries, including toxic chemicals, pollution, deforestation, and climate change. Each chapter begins with an introduction to the issue. Following the chapter introduction, each chapter highlights that issue in eight countries and provides historic perspective. This work provides an overview for high school students and college students at the undergraduate level on 10 important topics that address matters relating to energy and the environment in the 21st century.¿ Provides readers with an understanding of the complexities of environmental and energy issues, which will result in a comprehensive view of the issues certain countries face¿ Allows students to make cross-cultural comparisons about how countries are dealing with issues related to energy and the environment¿ Includes photographs that help to bring the text to life¿ Explains contemporary issues in an overview, allowing student readers to better understand the problems that face our society today

This wide-ranging survey of the environmental damage to Native American lands and peoples in North America-in recent times as well as previous decades-documents the continuing impact on the health, wellness, land, and communities of indigenous peoples.Beginning in the early 1950s, Native peoples were recruited to mine "yellow dust"-uranium-and then, over decades, died in large numbers of torturous cancers. Uranium-induced cancers have become the deadliest plague unleashed upon Native peoples of North America-one with grave consequences impacting generations of American Indian families. Today, resource-driven projects such as the Keystone XL pipeline continue to put the health and safety of American Indians at risk. Authored by an expert with 40 years of experience in the subject, this book documents the environmental provocations afflicting Native American peoples in the United States: from the toll of uranium mining on the Navajos to the devastation wrought by dioxin, PCBs, and other pollutants on the agricultural economy of the Akwesasne Mohawk reservation in northernmost New York. The detailed personal stories of human suffering will enable readers to grasp the seriousness of the injustices levied against Native peoples as a result of corporations' and governments' greed for natural resources.

Global Warming 101 combines a survey of the science of global warming with reporting from around the world, from sinking Pacific islands and thawing Arctic permafrost, which indicate that significant global warming already has begun.

How many of our efforts to save the environment are effective? Learn how our system is simply masking the symptoms of global warming.

A vivid description of the people, events, and issues that forever changed the lives of Native Americans during the 1960s and 1970s-such as the occupation of Alcatraz, fishing-rights conflicts, and individuals such as Clyde Warrior.

In this two-volume encyclopedia for general readers and students of all levels, Bruce E. Johansen marshals scientific work on global warming into 300 articles presented in clear and understandable language.

With global temperatures rising rapidly during the past quarter century, infrared forcing, popularly known as the greenhouse effect, has attracted worldwide concern.

Provides an array of examples of intolerance of free speech on American college campuses in the humanities, social sciences, and physical sciences, with a focus on what is taught and how it's taught.

During the late years of the 20th century, the issue of Native American influence on the formation of the U.S. government has become a hotly debated topic as well as a central point of difference in trenchant arguments over multiculturalism and political correctness.

A comprehensive reference work on the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois Confederacy), containing over 200 entries covering Haudenosaunee history, present-day issues, and contributions to general North American culture.

Economic themes underlie many aspects of Native American history from the fur trade, the devastating impact of European diseases, and the taking of Native American land to the current issues of uranium mining on Navajo land and casino gambling.

This important study examines the history, industrial uses, and harmful effects of the twelve most commonly used organochloride chemicals.

Contrasting the views of Native Americans and European Americans, this book provides a fresh look at the rhetoric behind the westward movement of the American frontier.

This work integrates American Indian law and Native American political and legal traditions, and contains descriptions of nearly two dozen legal and political systems, including Iroquois, Cherokee, Sioux and Pueblo. The book also provides outlines of many major Indian law cases and treaties.

For more than a decade scholars have debated the question of whether American Indian confederacies, primarily the Iroquois, helped influence the formation of U.S. basic law.

This resource surveys indigenous peoples and the environmental hazards that threaten their existence. Arranged geographically, each entry focuses on the peoples of a particular country and the environmental issues they face.

The Global Warming Combat Manual describes the practical measures that readers can take in their daily lives to reduce their carbon footprints, while showing how to link one's personal choices with the big-picture science and the big-scale campaigns to combat global warming on the political, legal, economic, and technological fronts.

Claims to ancestral land bases are one prime example: the Canandaigua Treaty of 1794 provides a context in which to address the Onondaga's claim to most of the Syracuse urban area.