Bøger af Donald Rapp

. This text begins with a consideration of simple Boltzmann statistics, with particular application to the model of systems with two quantum states, and the Einstein and Debye treatments of the specific heats of a metal. After discussion of the Darwin-Fowler calculation of average distributions, the discussion moves on to the Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics of non-localized particles, and then to the classical limit approached by quantized systems in situations such as gas behavior and distributions of electric dipoles. This initial development occupies about the first third of the book. The text next takes up partition and thermodynamic functions of an ideal gas, with discussions of electronic, vibrational, and rotational (including internal rotation) contributions in atomic, diatomic, and polyatomic gases. A separate chapter is devoted to symmetry effects on wave functions and states, and the use of symmetry numbers in evaluating partition functions. This is a topic often glossed over, and frequently mystifying, to students. Chemical equilibrium is next considered, followed by chapters on the perfect quantum gas and imperfect gases where various intermolecular potentials are compared. The treatment of polyatomic molecules in terms of rigid rotations and small bond vibrations is developed, followed by a consideration of the transition state theory of chemical kinetics. The final chapter considers models of the liquid state and liquid-vapor equilibria. Despite its conciseness, this text covers a great deal of interesting ground.

Most published books are one-sided in the climate debate between alarmists and skeptics. My book on the climate debate presents both sides of the debate with considerable technical detail and weighs the supporting evidence. It is found that in general, the data in climatology are very sparse and noisy. Yet climatologists seem willing to draw a dollar's worth of conclusions from a penny's worth of data. The sad truth is that we don't really have good answers to the questions raised in the climate debate. My book shows why this is so. This new edition includes hundreds of references not included in the original version, and the book is expanded by more than 100 pages.

This book examines the costs of implementing in situ (ISRU) resource utilization on the Moon and Mars. It Includes three approaches for based on processing only the atmosphere: solid oxide electrolysis, reverse water gas shift reaction, and absorbing water.

With almost 1,000 references to publications and reports, this book covers the complete literature of the subject and provides a systematic review of climate change in almost all of its aspects.

This book presents a highly readable yet realistic view of the possibilities for human missions to Mars. It provides for the first time a 'level-headed' assessment of plans for human exploration of Mars to counteract the tendency of space agencies to take an over-optimistic approach to such interplanetary missions.

This book examines the costs of implementing in situ (ISRU) resource utilization on the Moon and Mars. It Includes three approaches for based on processing only the atmosphere: solid oxide electrolysis, reverse water gas shift reaction, and absorbing water.

In a fully updated second edition, this book offers both history and analysis of extreme climate change on Earth. The book provides an complete and independent summary of the latest data on ice ages and interglacial periods, independent of theory or analysis.

This book provides a detailed review of terminations of ice ages, including a very attractive theory based on dust deposits on ice sheets.

This book deals at some length with the question: Since there are many more poor than rich, why don't the poor just tax the rich heavily and reduce the inequality?

This book reviews all information known about ice ages in a scientific format. It explores theories and makes comparisons, providing an independent and complete summary of the latest data on ice ages.