Bøger af Hans Reichenbach

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

First published in 1949 expressly to introduce logical positivism to English speakers. Reichenbach, with Rudolph Carnap, founded logical positivism, a form of epistemofogy that privileged scientific over metaphysical truths.

Physics concerns direct analysis of the physical world, while philosophy analyzes knowledge about the physical world. This volume combines both disciplines for a philosophical interpretation of quantum physics -- an interpretation free from the imprecision of metaphysics, offering a view of the atomic world and its quantum mechanical results as concrete as the visible everyday world.Written by an internationally renowned philosopher who specialized in symbolic logic and the theory of relativity, this approach consists of three parts. The first section, which requires no background in math or physics, reviews the basics of quantum mechanics, outlining their philosophical interpretation and summarizing their results. The second part, which presupposes a knowledge of calculus, outlines the mathematical methods of quantum mechanics; and the third part blends the philosophical ideas of the first part and the mathematical formulations of the second part to develop a variety of interpretations of quantum mechanics. The author presents in-depth discussions of each interpretation, constructing a conclusion in terms of three-valued logic that offers readers a satisfactory logical form of quantum mechanics.Focusing on clarification of concepts rather than developing problem-solving skills, this volume will prove enlightening to students of mathematics, physics, and the other sciences.

Die Veröffentlichung der vorliegenden Schrift ist mir ein will­ kommener Anlaß, der Notgemeinschaft der deutschen Wissenschaft meinen Dank dafür auszusprechen, daß sie mir die Durchführung erkenntniskritischer Arbeiten zur Physik seit mehreren Jahren ermöglicht hat. Für freundschaftlich-kritische Berichtigung mancher Einzel­ heiten bin ich Herrn Dr. Rudolf Carnap in Wien und Herrn Dr. Kurt Grelling in Berlin zu Dank verpflichtet; für mühe­ volle Hilfe bei der Korrektur Herrn Studienreferendar Ha n s Stotz in Stuttgart und Herrn st'ud. phi!. Martin Strauß in Berlin. Berlin, Oktober 1927. Hans Reid:tenhad:t. Einleitung. Wer die Philosophie unserer Zeit mit der Arbeitsweise der großen philosophischen Systematiker des 17. und 18.Jahrhunderts vergleicht, dem tritt als grundlegender Unterschied die Verschie­ denheit in ihrer Einstellung zur Naturwissenschaft entgegen. Während jene klassischen Philosophen im engsten Zusammen­ hang mit der Naturerkenntnis ihrer Zeit standen, ja z. T. selbst, wie Descartes und Leibniz, führende Mathematiker und Physiker waren, ist in unserer Zeit zwischen Philosophie und Naturwissenschaft eine Entfremdung eingetreten, die zu einer unfruchtbaren Spannung zwischen beiden Gruppen geführt hat.

Dieses Buch ist Reichenbachs Erkenntnistheorie, entstanden im Exil und 1938 in Englisch veroffentlicht.Es liegt hier erstmals in deutscher Sprache vor. Es enthalt den Schlussel zum Verstandnis der Reichenbachschen Philosophie und besticht durch die sehr geschlossene Darstellung der Gedanken uber den logischen Empirismus.

Hans Reichenbach (1891-1953) was a formidable figure in early-twentieth-century philosophy of science. Educated in Germany, he was influential in establishing the so-called Berlin Circle, a companion group to the Vienna Circle founded by his colleague Rudolph Carnap. The movement they founded--usually known as "logical positivism," although it is more precisely known as "scientific philosophy" or "logical empiricism"--was a form of epistemology that privileged scientific over metaphysical truths. Reichenbach, like other young philosophers of the exact sciences of his generation, was deeply impressed by the far-reaching changes in physics brought about by Einstein's special and general theories of relativity. Reichenbach responded to scientific advances by doing fundamental work in space-time theories, in quantum mechanics, in statistical mechanics, and in the development of probability theory--making him the most important philosopher of physics in the first generation of logical empiricism. Forced from his academic position by the Nazi race laws in 1933, Reichenbach wrote Experience and Prediction at the University of Istanbul, where had had fled, expressly to introduce logical positivism to English speakers. In the two decades following World War II, during the explosion of scientific advances in North America, logical positivism was the reigning theory of the philosophy of science and Reichenbach was at the peak of his career. But, inevitably, support for logical positivism began to wane as it became obvious that the justification of scientific theories could not be entirely resolved by relying on strictly formal, technical processes. The growth of the discipline of the history of philosophy of science, which has created an audience of scholars eager for seminal classics in scientific philosophy, and the evidence supporting a historicist paradigm within logical positivism are two important reasons to make Experience and Prediction available once again.

Presents a fresh approach to philosophy. This book treats philosophy as a study of problems. It recognizes in traditional philosophical systems the historical function of having asked questions rather than having given solutions. It traces the failures of the systems to psychological causes.

ZUR 2. AUFLAGE DER DEUTSCHEN AUSGABE Warum eroffnen wir eine Buchreihe uber Wissenschafts- theorie verschiedener Hauptdisziplinen mit einer Neu- auflage von Hans Reichenbachs Buch "e;Aufstieg der wissen- schaftlichen Philosophie"e;, dessen 1. Auflage 1951 in den USA erschien? Weil es sich mit seiner prazisen und ver- standlichen Sprache nach siebzehn Jahren immer noch so frisch wie damals liest, weil seine Problematik zwischen Rationalismus und Empirismus, seine Opposition gegen Metaphysik und Ontologie als philosophische Grund- legung der Naturwissenschaft immer noch in Mittel- europa aktuell ist. Reichenbach spielt aber trotzdem keinen physikalischen Positivismus gegen Philosophie uberhaupt aus, sondern tritt fur eine autonome, philoso- phische Analyse der Physik ein, weil z. B. die Frage, wor- aus die Materie besteht, "e;mit Hilfe von physikalischen Experimenten allein nicht beantwortet werden kann, sondern eine solche Analyse erfordert"e; (S. 199). Ihm genugt auch nicht der "e;gesunde Menschenverstand"e;, wenn es sich um schwierige wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen handelt (S. 201). Noch ein Beispiel fur den Umschlag von Wissenschaft zu Philosophie: Man kann die Geschichte des Weltalls etwa 2 Milliarden Jahre zuruckverfolgen. Wenn man nun danach fragt, wie der Urgasball selbst noch ent- standen ist, wird der Wissenschaftler mit einer solchen Frage zum Philosophen (S. 233). Reichenbach unterschei- det hier aber Philosophen von spekulativem Typ, die eine Kosmogonie erfanden, welche an die Stelle der Wissen- schaft ein Marchen setzte oder einen Schopfungsakt aus dem Nichts annahm, und solche von modernem Typ.

Distinguished physicist examines emotive significance of time, time order of mechanics, time direction of thermodynamics and microstatistics, time direction of macrostatistics, time of quantum physics, more. 1971 edition.

Hans Reichenbach, a philosopher of science who was one of five students in Einstein's first seminar on the general theory of relativity, became Einstein's bulldog, defending the theory against criticism from philosophers, physicists, and popular commentators. This book chronicles the development of Reichenbach's reconstruction of Einstein's theory in a way that clearly sets out all of its philosophical commitments and its physical predictions as well as the battles that Reichenbach fought on its behalf, in both the academic and popular press. The essays include reviews and responses to philosophical colleagues; polemical discussions with physicists Max Born and D. C. Miller; as well as popular articles meant for the layperson. At a time when physics and philosophy were both undergoing revolutionary changes in content and method, this book is a window into the development of scientific philosophy and the role of the philosopher.