Bøger af James J. Sheehan

Mellem 1871 og 1914 var der fred og økonomisk fremgang i Europa – men kontinentets stormagter forberedte sig til den krig, som afsluttede fredsperioden, og som blev mere ødelæggende, end nogen havde forudset, og som alligevel skulle vise sig blot at være et forspil til den langt mere ødelæggende krig, der brød ud i 1939.Under den bipolære verdensorden, der opstod efter 1945, reduceredes militærets betydning i de vesteuropæiske samfund; samtidig afviklede europæerne deres kolonier og koncentrerede sig om økonomisk samarbejde og udvikling, hvilket førte til historiens mest bemærkelsesværdige velstandsstigning. Allerede inden revolutionerne i Østeuropa og Den Kolde Krigs afslutning i 1989 havde de vesteuropæiske stater indledt en markant nedrustning. Efter 1989 fulgte de østeuropæiske stater samme linie og tilsluttede sig det europæiske samarbejde i det, der i 1993 var blevet til Den Europæiske Union.Over en kort årrække udviklede de europæiske garnisonsstater, som vogtede på hinanden, sig til civile stater i nært samarbejde. Og alle – eller næsten alle – soldaterne forsvandt. Her er James J. Sheehans beretning om den 20. århundredes europæiske kamp mellem militarisme og pacifisme.

"Every political order depends on a set of shared expectations about how the order does and should work. In Making a Modern Political Order, James Sheehan provides a sophisticated analysis of these expectations and shows how they are a source of both cohesion and conflict in the modern society of nation states. The author divides these expectations into three groups: first, expectations about the definition and character of political space, which in the modern era are connected to the emergence of a new kind of state; second, expectations about the nature of political communities (that is, about how people relate to one another and to their governments); and finally, expectations about the international system (namely, how states interact in a society of nation states). Although Sheehan treats these three dimensions of the political order separately, they are closely bound together, each dependent on--and reinforcing--the others. Ultimately, he claims, the modern nation state must balance all three organizing principles if it is to succeed. Sheehan's project begins with an examination of people's expectations about political space, community, and international society in the premodern European world that came to be called the 'ancien râegime.' He then, in chapters on states, nations, and the society of nation states, proceeds to trace the development of a modern political order that slowly and unevenly replaced the ancien râegime in Europe and eventually spread throughout the world. To close, he offers some speculations about the horizon ahead of us, beyond which lies a future order that may someday replace our own."--Back cover.