Bøger af Kemal Yildirim

We define human rights as the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. In principle human rights apply regardless of where you are from, what you believe or how you choose to live your life. In which it can never be taken away, although they can occasionally be restricted ¿ for example if a person breaks the law, or any sort of threat in the interests of national security. These basic rights are based on values like dignity, fairness, equality, respect and independence. But human rights are not just abstract concepts ¿ human rights therefore are defined and protected by law in the respective countries according to their constitutional law. This book explores Challenges in Postmodernism for Human Rights and Fundamental Rights in Mediterranean Countries.

The Government¿s relations both at local base and their interactions with such organizations either vis-a-vis or underground is being analyzed. l also try to indicate how Islam spread rapidly from its birthplace in Arabia. In part its spread was due to jihad ('holy war' ) so all these Muslim Organizations arising in Turkic, Persian and Arab world that shapes the governments with their direct or indirect political interactions based on their philosophy though slightly differs a bit among all those sects arose.I also wish to express certain hints on a balanced comparison between Islamic and other views in the field of polity and form of government, l therefore review of the important issues in the philosophy of politics, and on every issue find out what is the view of Islam in conceptual approach and how it is shaped in minds, comparing it with the other views. I therefore intend to make a detailed investigation of the basic differences between them. And I focus on some issues to explain the views of Islam pertaining to them in order that it may be possible to make such comparisons. To me it was therefore important also to indicate ¿What Do Muslims believe ?¿

Patagonia (Spanish pronunciation: [patä¿onja]) is a sparsely populated region at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile. The region comprises the southern section of the Andes Mountains, lakes, fjords, and glaciers in the west and deserts, tablelands and steppes to the east. Patagonia is bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and many bodies of water that connect them, such as the Strait of Magellan, the Beagle Channel, and the Drake Passage to the south. The Colorado and Barrancas rivers, which run from the Andes to the Atlantic, are commonly considered the northern limit of Argentine Patagonia. The archipelago of Tierra del Fuego is sometimes included as part of Patagonia. Most geographers and historians locate the northern limit of Chilean Patagonia at Huincul Fault, in Araucanía Region. At the time of the Spanish arrival, Patagonia was inhabited by multiple indigenous tribes. In a small portion of northwestern Patagonia, indigenous peoples practiced agriculture, while in the remaining territory, peoples lived as hunter-gatherers, traveling by foot in eastern Patagonia.

Shari¿a can be looked at as the normative kernel of Islam. Therefore, fatwas (legal opinions) and fiqh (the science of lawmaking), by which this kernel is constituted and is often described as the essence of Islam. Like other religions, Islam is concerned with the moral conduct of believers. When Islamic law is incorporated into state law, it controls the personal affairs and the moral conduct of human beings without an anthropocentric ethical concept or justification. The notion of an Islamic state is a post-colonial idea that is premised on a European model of the state as a totalitarian view of law, and public policy as the instruments of social engineering by ruling elites¿. Islamic norms are only ¿religious obligations for individual Muslims¿. This book defines fundamental rights in a broad sense that can be separated from contextual and mutable rights.

This book will discuss about fundamental rights as well as Promotion of Democracy in the Arab world and neighbouring countries, also known as the ¿Broader¿ Middle East, including North African region, has been stated to be one of the principal foreign policy priorities by EU countries, as well as by the United States, Canada, and Japan. Lack of democracy in the region may represent one of the greatest obstacles to development. There seems to be undoubtedly a heightened interest in developing initiatives and modalities for the Arab world to adopt democratic principles, as evidenced by the documents issued from the US, with the ¿Greater Middle East Initiative¿ Europe, with the ¿Strategic Partnership with the Mediterranean and the Middle East¿. These initiatives ¿ in particular the book will discover fundamental human rights widely in the Broader Middle east and North Africa.

Canaan (/¿ke¿n¿n/; Northwest Semitic: knän, Ken¿¿an) was a Semitic-speaking civilization and region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC. The name Canaan appears throughout the Bible, where it corresponds to the Levant, in particular to the areas of the Southern Levant that provide the main setting of the narrative of the Bible: Phoenicia, Philistia, Israel, and other nations.The word Canaanites serves as an ethnic catchall term covering various indigenous populations ¿ both settled and nomadic-pastoral groups ¿ throughout the regions of the southern Levant or Canaan. It is by far the most frequently used ethnic term in the Bible. In the Book of Joshua, the Canaanites are included in a list of nations to exterminate, and later described as a group, which the Israelites had annihilated. Biblical scholar Mark Smith notes that archaeological data suggests "that the Israelite culture largely overlapped with and derived from Canaanite culture... In short, Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature".

Muthuvel Karunanidhi (3 June 1924 ¿ 7 August 2018) was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for almost two decades over five terms between 1969 and 2011. He had the longest tenure as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu with 6,863 days in office. He was also a long-standing leader of the Dravidian movement and ten time president of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam political party. Before entering politics, he worked in the Tamil film industry as a screenwriter. He also made contributions to Tamil literature, having written stories, plays, novels, and a multiple-volume memoir. He was popularly referred to as "Kalaignar" (Artist) and "Mutthamizharignar" (Tamil Scholar) for his contributions to Tamil literature. Karunanidhi died on 7 August 2018 at Kauvery Hospital in Chennai after prolonged, age related illness.

Lebanon¿s diversity has also posed a number of significant challenges. Lebanon¿s history indicates the potential for religious tensions to escalate, especially in a broader context where sectarian violence has ravaged both Iraq and Syria and threatens to create fault lines across the region where the war in Syria has specifically had an impact on the country¿s stability and raises questions about the future of its minorities.This book aims to examine the current situation of religious minorities in Lebanon. It draws on a desk review of existing materials and media reports, together with first-hand field research and interviews with members of different religious communities, including activists belonging to currently unrecognized groups.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional grouping that promotes economic, political, and security cooperation among its ten members: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. ASEAN countries have a total population of 650 million people and a combined gross domestic product (GDP) of $2.8 trillion. The group has played a central role in the Asian economic integration, signing six free-trade agreements with other regional economies and helping spearhead negotiations for what could be the world¿s largest free trade pact. This book will discover diplomacy and foreign policies of ASEAN Member States.

The Marsh Arabs (¿Arab al-Ahw¿r "Arabs of the Marshlands"), also referred to as the Mäd¿n (Arabic: "dweller in the plains") or shroog (Arabic:¿ "those from the east") ¿ the latter two often considered derogatory in the present day ¿ are inhabitants of the Tigris-Euphrates marshlands in the south and east of Iraq as well as in the Hoveyzieh marshes of Southwest Iran. Ma'dan (Marsh Arabs). Alternate names: Marsh Arabs. Location: Iraq (marshes at the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers). Population: Fewer than 20,000 (2003 estimate). Language: Arabic. Religion: Islam (Shia Muslim). The Ma'dan, or Marsh Arabs, is a distinct group of people, who originally inhabited the marshy area at the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Iraq before the marshes were destroyed by irrigation projects developed by the Iraqi government. A semi-nomadic tribal people, the Ma'dan once lived in reed huts built on floating islands of reeds, and made their living by herding water buffalo, fishing, and hunting wild boars and waterfowl. Their houses were elaborately woven with Gothic-like arches made of bundles of reeds tied together at the top.

Banaba (/b¿¿n¿¿b¿/; also Ocean Island), an island of Kiribati in the Pacific Ocean, and as a solitary raised coral island west of the Gilbert Island chain, it is the Westernmost of Kiribati, that is 185 miles (298 km) east of Nauru. It has an area of 6.0 km and the highest point on the island is also the highest point in Kiribati, at 81 metres (266 ft) high. Along with Nauru and Makatea (French Polynesia), it is one of the important elevated phosphate-rich islands of the Pacific. Banabans are Micronesians with a language that is very similar to the Gilbertese language of Kiribati. The Banaban population was moved from the island of Banaba (Ocean Island), then in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands and now in Kiribati, to Rabi in eastern Fiji in 1942, when the British Phosphate Commission was mining it. Between 1900 and 1979 almost Ocean Island¿s entire surface was removed. Many Banabans remain on the island of Rabi (Vanua Levu), though others have migrated to Suva and elsewhere.

Salvador Dalí was born on May 11, 1904, in the town of Figueres, in the Empordà region close to the French border, in Catalonia, Spain, son of the comfortably off middle-class notary Salvador Dalí i Cusí and Felipa Domenech Ferres. Dalí's father, a lawyer, who was a strict disciplinarian, was tempered by his wife, who encouraged her son's drawing. Dalí had an older brother, also named Salvador, who died prior to Dalí¿s birth. At the age of five he was taken to his brother's grave and told by his parents that he was his brother reincarnate. He also had a sister, Ana María, who was 3 years younger than him. Dalí attended Drawing School, where he first received formal art training. In 1916 Dalí discovered modern painting on a summer vacation to Cadaqués (in the nearby Costa Brava) with the family of Ramon Pichot, a local artist, who made regular trips to Paris. Dalí produced over 1,500 paintings in his career, in addition to producing illustrations for books, lithographs, designs for theater sets and costumes, a great number of drawings, dozens of sculptures, and various other projects, including an animated cartoon for Disney.

The Swahili people (or Waswahili) are an ethnic and cultural group inhabiting East Africa. Members primarily reside on the Swahili coast, in an area encompassing the Zanzibar archipelago, littoral Kenya, the Tanzania seaboard, and northern Mozambique. The name Swahili is derived from Arabic: ¿¿¿¿¿¿, romanized: Saw¿hil, lit. 'coasts'. The Swahili speak the Swahili language, which belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger-Congo family. The Swahili people originate from Bantu inhabitants of the coast of Southeast Africa, in Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique. These Bantu-speaking agriculturalists settled the coast at the outset of the first millennium. Archaeological finds at Fukuchani, on the north-west coast of Zanzibar, indicate a settled agricultural and fishing community from the 6th century CE at the latest. The considerable amount of daub found indicates timber buildings, and shell beads, bead grinders, and iron slag have been found at the site. There is evidence for a limited engagement in long-distance trade: a small amount of imported pottery has been found, less than 1% of the total pottery finds, mostly from the Gulf and dated to the 5th to 8th century.

John Locke (1632¿1704) is among the most influential political philosophers of the modern period. In the Two Treatises of Government, he defended the claim that men are by nature free and equal against claims that God had made all people naturally subject to a monarch. He argued that people have rights, such as the right to life, liberty, and property, that have a foundation independent of the laws of any particular society. Locke used the claim that men are naturally free and equal as part of the justification for understanding legitimate political government as the result of a social contract, where people in the state of nature conditionally transfer some of their rights to the government in order to better ensure the stable, comfortable enjoyment of their lives, liberty, and property. Since governments exist by the consent of the people in order to protect the rights of the people and promote the public good, governments that fail to do so can be resisted and replaced with new governments. Locke is thus also important for his defense of the right of revolution. Locke also defends the principle of majority rule and the separation of legislative and executive powers.