Bøger af Martin Rees

There has never been a time when 'following the science' has been more important for humanity. At no other point in history have we had such advanced knowledge and technology at our fingertips, nor had such astonishing capacity to determine the future of our planet.But the decisions we must make on how science is applied belong outside the lab and should be the outcome of wide public debate. For that to happen, science needs to become part of our common culture. Science is not just for scientists: if it were, it could never save us from the multiple crises we face. For science can save us, if its innovations mesh carefully into society and its applications are channelled for the common good.As Martin Rees argues in this expert and personal analysis of the scientific endeavour on which we all depend, we need to think globally, we need to think rationally and we need to think long-term, empowered by twenty-first-century technology but guided by values that science alone cannot provide.

Richly illustrated with the images from observatories on the ground and in space, and computer simulations, this book shows how black holes were discovered, and discusses our current understanding of their role in cosmic evolution. This second edition covers new discoveries made in the past decade, including definitive proof of a black hole at the center of the Milky Way, evidence that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating, and the new appreciation of the connection between black holes and galaxy formation. There are entirely new chapters on gamma-ray bursts and cosmic feedback. Begelman and Rees blend theoretical arguments with observational results to demonstrate how both approaches contributed to this subject. Clear illustrations and photographs reveal the strange and amazing workings of our universe. The engaging style makes this book suitable for introductory undergraduate courses, amateur astronomers, and all readers interested in astronomy and physics.

How did a single "genesis event" create billions of galaxies, black holes, stars and planets? How did atoms assemble -- here on earth, and perhaps on other worlds -- into living beings intricate enough to ponder their origins? What fundamental laws govern our universe?This book describes new discoveries and offers remarkable insights into these fundamental questions. There are deep connections between stars and atoms, between the cosmos and the microworld. Just six numbers, imprinted in the "big bang," determine the essential features of our entire physical world. Moreover, cosmic evolution is astonishingly sensitive to the values of these numbers. If any one of them were "untuned," there could be no stars and no life. This realization offers a radically new perspective on our universe, our place in it, and the nature of physical laws.

In this landmark book, one of the twentieth century's greatest astronomers presents scientific evidence that our vast universe may be only a grain of sand on the infinite cosmic shore.It is now widely accepted that our universe exploded around 15 billion years ago from an unimaginably energetic initial event: the big bang. As the primordial material expanded and cooled, it evolved into the exquisite patterns of stars and galaxies we now observe. The mix of energy and radiation that characterizes our universe was imprinted in that initial instant--as were the binding forces of nuclear physics and gravity that controlled our universe's evolution.The experimental triumphs and theoretical insights of recent years--from the detection of neutrinos from exploding stars to the search for extraterrestrial life--offer the most dramatic enlargement in our concept of the universe since astronomers first realized the sun's true place among the stars. In this illuminating work, Sir Martin Rees, Britain's Astronomer Royal and one of the most creative and original of contemporary scientists, draws these advances together with up-to-the-minute research on black holes, dark matter, and nucleosynthesis of the elements. He also sheds light on some of the personalities behind the science, offering first-hand impressions of Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Stephen Hawking, John Archibald Wheeler, and Fred Hoyle, among others.With stunning clarity, Professor Rees argues that a family--even an infinity--of universes may have been created, each by its own big bang, and each acquiring a distinctive imprint and its own laws of physics. These baby universes will either live out their immense cosmic cycle, or die because those laws do not allow them to achieve longevity.Our "home universe," then, is just one element in a cosmic archipelago where impassable barriers prohibit communication between the islands. But, as Rees demonstrates, our universe is an exceptional member of this infinite ensemble, for it is still near the beginning of a fascinating evolutionary process that will end either in the heat-death of external expansion, or in what scientists call a "big crunch." Most remarkable of all, our universe contains creatures able to observe it. The multi-universe revolution in cosmological thought limned by Rees casts a piercing light on man's place in the cosmos, and argues that the conditions permitting the evolution of life stand on the razor's edge between a dead universe and one filled with living beings.

«Nous sommes ensevelis sous des montagnes de données qui s'accumulent rapidement. Dans un tel contexte, ce livre, plutôt que d'ajouter un surcroît de données à la masse existante, a pour objet de contribuer à une vraie compréhension des enjeux.» -- James LovelockLes humains sont des créatures extraordinaires. Intelligents, habiles et curieux, nous avons su nous adapter et trouver le moyen de devenir l'espèce dominante de la planète. Notre emprise est si grande que certains parlent d'une nouvelle ère géologique, l'Anthropocène, caractérisée par les changements provoqués par l'homme qui touchent l'ensemble de cette planète bleue que nous appelons notre Terre.Cette supériorité induit notre responsabilité autant que notre opportunité comment envisager notre présent et notre avenir? De quel savoir avons-nous besoin? Dirigé par James Lovelock, inventeur de l'hypothèse Gaïa, ce recueil d'essais illustré réunit une équipe chevronnée de penseurs et de scientifiques pour permettre une compréhension profonde de qui nous sommes, comment nous vivons et vers quel monde nous allons.En écho à cette théorie qui considère notre planète comme un tout formé d'une multitude d'écosystèmes, La Terre et Moi encourage la connaissance globale. À travers ses 12 chapitres, on découvre à la fois les détails complexes et les immenses structures de notre espèce et de notre planète, depuis notre univers en constante évolution jusqu'à nos cellules infiniment petites mais si puissantes. On observe ainsi les explosions stellaires autant que la richesse des écosystèmes qui fourmillent sous nos pieds, on se plonge dans les rouages neurologiques qui accompagnent toute prise de décision, on appréhende le climat dans son ensemble et l'on s'émerveille de notre proximité grandissante avec la technologie.Parmi les sommités mondiales qui ont contribué à ce livre figurent la physicienne quantique Lisa Randall, l'Astronome royal Martin Rees, le biologiste récompensé par le prix Pulitzer Edward O. Wilson et le neuroscientifique et Prix-Nobel Eric Kandel. Grâce aux illustrations dynamiques de l'artiste britannique Jack Hudson, le résultat constitue une source d'inspiration pour tous les esprits curieux, jeunes et vieux, et une boîte à outils de référence pour nous informer et nous éclairer sur l'avenir.

A scientist known for unraveling the complexities of the universe over millions of years, Sir Martin Rees now warns that humankind is potentially the maker of its own demise -- and that of the cosmos. Though the twenty-first century could be the critical era in which life on Earth spreads beyond our solar system, it is just as likely that we have endangered the future of the entire universe. With clarity and precision, Rees maps out the ways technology could destroy our species and thereby foreclose the potential of a living universe whose evolution has just begun. Rees boldly forecasts the startling risks that stem from our accelerating rate of technological advances. We could be wiped out by lethal "engineered" airborne viruses, or by rogue nano-machines that replicate catastrophically. Experiments that crash together atomic nuclei could start a chain reaction that erodes all atoms of Earth, or could even tear the fabric of space itself. Through malign intent or by mistake, a single event could trigger global disaster. Though we can never completely safeguard our future, increased regulation and inspection can help us to prevent catastrophe. Rees's vision of the infinite future that we have put at risk -- a cosmos more vast and diverse than any of us has ever imagined -- is both a work of stunning scientific originality and a humanistic clarion call on behalf of the future of life.

World authority on astrophysics, Sir Martin Rees, takes us on a journey through all the things which could wipe out mankind in the near future. Some of these things definitely won't happen, some genuinely might - this is one book you won't be able to put down and which you'll never forget.