Bøger af Michael Brody

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages.The whole book "Investigating Nature Together" includes 4 parts/series corresponding to a specific season (Autumn-Winter-Spring-Summer) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which focus on aquatic ecology, botany, forest ecology, soil studies, landscape analysis, ornithology, anthropogenic effects on nature, etc.Each series contains lessons focusing on practical skills which will be applied in further field studies. The lessons focus on five main themes - landscape, botany, zoology, water ecology and environmental monitoring. Some lessons are closely associated with the seasons and others are more universal.This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology, ecology and the nature of science. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions.This book promotes understanding of ecosystems and the protection of the environment through the training of teachers in specific field study techniques, the education of young people in ecology concepts and issues and the sharing of ecological study results between colleagues. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment.This specific book "Investigating Nature Together. Part 2: Winter" is the second in the series. It includes several typical winter investigations which take advantage of seasonal characteristics including low temperatures and snow. These include: mammal behavior based on snow tracks, snow strata study and chickadee territoriality. However, we have included some lessons which are more universal and lab oriented taking into consideration that outside studies can be more difficult in winter conditions. Lessons continue to develop and extend previous skills related to mapping.The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003).The list of all 40 field study lessons: I. Autumn season: Orientation in the forestDescription of Geological ExposureProfiling of River Valley SlopeSoil Profile PitForest Health of the Coniferous TreesSpecies Composition and Abundance of FungiCensus of Birds by Line Transect CountingIntegrated Study of Landscape ProfileEnvironmental Assessment of Human ImpactAssessment of Air Pollution Using LichensII. Winter season: Making a Fire for Winter SurvivalSimple Survey of Field Study SiteGrowth Dynamics of TreesForest MappingGreen Plants under Snow CoverTerritorial Behavior of Titmouse FlocksWinter Route Census of MammalsMammal Ecology According to Winter TrackingPhysical Properties of Natural WatersSnow Cover ProfileIII. Spring season: Helping Native BirdsEarly Flowering PlantsSpring FlowersVital State of Coniferous UnderbrushForest Invertebrates-1AmphibiansRocks and MineralsDaily Bird Song ActivityBird Census MethodsFauna of Vernal PoolsIV. Summer season: School HerbariumFlora InventoryVertical Structure of a ForestForest Invertebrates-2Birds Nesting BehaviorComparative Description of Rivers and StreamsAquatic Invertebrates and Environmental StatusPlankton in the Littoral ZoneEnvironmental Status of MeadowsStatus of Forests Based on Asymmetry of Tree L

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Field Studies Techniques" includes 5 parts/series corresponding to a specific field sciences (Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology and Bioindication) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which can be arranged in different seasons of the year. Each series contains techniques focusing on practical skills which can be applied in the field research. This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology and ecology. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Field Studies Techniques. Part 1: Geography and Landscape Sciences" is the first in the series. Practical skills emphasize orienteering on the study area, simple eye survey (mapping) with compass and lessons focus on geology, soil and relief, as well as hydrology studies of small streams and snow cover. These activities are the basis of future field work. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all field study lessons: I. GEOGRAPHY: Orienteering in the forest Eye Survey of the Field Study Site Mapping Forest Vegetation Geological Exposure Description Minerals and Rocks in Your Area Profile of a River Valley Slope Soil Description Integrated Study on Landscape Profile Description of Small Rivers and Streams Study of Snow Cover Making a Campfire II. BOTANY: Species Composition and Number of Fungi Making a Herbarium Plants in Your Local Environment Vertical Structure of a Forest Green Plants Under Snow Ecology of Early Flowering Plants Phenology of Plant Florescence Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry III. ZOOLOGY: Forest Invertebrates 1: Forest Litter and Wood Forest Invertebrates 2: Grass, Tree Crowns and Air Water Invertebrates in a Local River Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians Making Feeders and Nesting Boxes Species Composition and Census of Birds Studies of Bird Populations by Different Methods Day Activity of Singing Birds Birds' Nesting Life Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks IV. HYDROBIOLOGY: Description of Small Rivers and Streams Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters Water Invertebrates in a Local River Study of Plankton Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians V. BIOINDICATION: Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area Water Invertebrates and Assessment of River Environmental State

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages.The whole book "Investigating Nature Together" includes 4 parts/series corresponding to a specific season (Autumn-Winter-Spring-Summer) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which focus on aquatic ecology, botany, forest ecology, soil studies, landscape analysis, ornithology, anthropogenic effects on nature, etc.Each series contains lessons focusing on practical skills which will be applied in further field studies. The lessons focus on five main themes - landscape, botany, zoology, water ecology and environmental monitoring. Some lessons are closely associated with the seasons and others are more universal.This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology, ecology and the nature of science. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions.This book promotes understanding of ecosystems and the protection of the environment through the training of teachers in specific field study techniques, the education of young people in ecology concepts and issues and the sharing of ecological study results between colleagues.This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment.This specific book "Investigating Nature Together. Part 3: Spring" is the third in the series. It includes several activities that are best suited to spring conditions; spring flower ecology, plant flowering, amphibians and vernal pools. We have included rock and mineral studies because samples are more obvious after spring run-off. Environmental monitoring includes success of young trees in a coniferous forest. Practical skills continue to be developed and applied to new studies.The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003).The list of all 40 field study lessons: I. Autumn season: Orientation in the forest Description of Geological Exposure Profiling of River Valley Slope Soil Profile Pit Forest Health of the Coniferous Trees Species Composition and Abundance of Fungi Census of Birds by Line Transect Counting Integrated Study of Landscape Profile Environmental Assessment of Human Impact Assessment of Air Pollution Using Lichens II. Winter season: Making a Fire for Winter Survival Simple Survey of Field Study Site Growth Dynamics of Trees Forest Mapping Green Plants under Snow Cover Territorial Behavior of Titmouse Flocks Winter Route Census of Mammals Mammal Ecology According to Winter Tracking Physical Properties of Natural Waters Snow Cover Profile III. Spring season: Helping Native Birds Early Flowering Plants Spring Flowers Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Forest Invertebrates-1 Amphibians Rocks and Minerals Daily Bird Song Activity Bird Census Methods Fauna of Vernal Pools IV. Summer season: School Herbarium Flora Inventory Vertical Structure of a Forest Forest Invertebrates-2 Birds Nesting Behavior Comparative Description of Rivers and Streams Aquatic Invertebrates and Environmental Status Plankton in the Littoral Zone Environmental Status of Meadows Status of Forests Based on Asymmetry of Tree Leave

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Field Studies Techniques" includes 5 parts/series corresponding to a specific field sciences (Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology and Bioindication) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which can be arranged in different seasons of the year. Each series contains techniques focusing on practical skills which can be applied in the field research. This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology and ecology. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Field Studies Techniques. Part 5: Bioindication and Nature Monitoring" is the fifth in the series. Practical skills include biological methods of the assessment of air pollution, vital state of the forest, ecological features of the meadows, environmental state of rivers, as well as general evaluation of a human impact on an area and complex integrated study on landscape profile. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all field study lessons: I. GEOGRAPHY: Orienteering in the forest Eye Survey of the Field Study Site Mapping Forest Vegetation Geological Exposure Description Minerals and Rocks in Your Area Profile of a River Valley Slope Soil Description Integrated Study on Landscape Profile Description of Small Rivers and Streams Study of Snow Cover Making a Campfire II. BOTANY: Species Composition and Number of Fungi Making a Herbarium Plants in Your Local Environment Vertical Structure of a Forest Green Plants Under Snow Ecology of Early Flowering Plants Phenology of Plant Florescence Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry III. ZOOLOGY: Forest Invertebrates 1: Forest Litter and Wood Forest Invertebrates 2: Grass, Tree Crowns and Air Water Invertebrates in a Local River Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians Making Feeders and Nesting Boxes Species Composition and Census of Birds Studies of Bird Populations by Different Methods Day Activity of Singing Birds Birds' Nesting Life Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks IV. HYDROBIOLOGY: Description of Small Rivers and Streams Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters Water Invertebrates in a Local River Study of Plankton Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians V. BIOINDICATION: Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area Water Invertebrates and Assessment of River Environmental State

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Field Studies Techniques" includes 5 parts/series corresponding to a specific field sciences (Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology and Bioindication) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which can be arranged in different seasons of the year. Each series contains techniques focusing on practical skills which can be applied in the field research. This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology and ecology. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Field Studies Techniques. Part 3: Zoology" is the third in the series. Practical skills include the study of the invertebrates, living in the forest litter, wood, grass, tree crowns and air, as well as water invertebrates (macrozoobenthos). Also the methods of species composition, abundance and behavior of amphibians, birds and mammals are described. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all field study lessons: I. GEOGRAPHY: Orienteering in the forest Eye Survey of the Field Study Site Mapping Forest Vegetation Geological Exposure Description Minerals and Rocks in Your Area Profile of a River Valley Slope Soil Description Integrated Study on Landscape Profile Description of Small Rivers and Streams Study of Snow Cover Making a Campfire II. BOTANY: Species Composition and Number of Fungi Making a Herbarium Plants in Your Local Environment Vertical Structure of a Forest Green Plants Under Snow Ecology of Early Flowering Plants Phenology of Plant Florescence Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry III. ZOOLOGY: Forest Invertebrates 1: Forest Litter and Wood Forest Invertebrates 2: Grass, Tree Crowns and Air Water Invertebrates in a Local River Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians Making Feeders and Nesting Boxes Species Composition and Census of Birds Studies of Bird Populations by Different Methods Day Activity of Singing Birds Birds' Nesting Life Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks IV. HYDROBIOLOGY: Description of Small Rivers and Streams Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters Water Invertebrates in a Local River Study of Plankton Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians V. BIOINDICATION: Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area Water Invertebrates and Assessment of River Environmental State

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Investigating Nature Together" includes 4 parts/series corresponding to a specific season (Autumn-Winter-Spring-Summer) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which focus on aquatic ecology, botany, forest ecology, soil studies, landscape analysis, ornithology, anthropogenic effects on nature, etc. Each series contains lessons focusing on practical skills which will be applied in further field studies. The lessons focus on five main themes - landscape, botany, zoology, water ecology and environmental monitoring. Some lessons are closely associated with the seasons and others are more universal. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology, ecology and the nature of science. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions. This book promotes understanding of ecosystems and the protection of the environment through the training of teachers in specific field study techniques, the education of young people in ecology concepts and issues and the sharing of ecological study results between colleagues. The primary goal of this work is connecting students and teachers, addressing important environmental issues and promoting environmental interest, knowledge and values. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Investigating Nature Together. Part 4: Summer" is the forth in the series. This part involves the most complex studies and relies more extensively on knowledge from previous studies (Autumn-Spring). Many of these activities take advantage of summer conditions such as warmer water temperatures. Practical skills are applied to complex environmental monitoring lessons focusing on streams, rivers, grasslands and forests. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all 40 field study lessons: I. Autumn season: Orientation in the forest Description of Geological Exposure Profiling of River Valley Slope Soil Profile Pit Forest Health of the Coniferous Trees Species Composition and Abundance of Fungi Census of Birds by Line Transect Counting Integrated Study of Landscape Profile Environmental Assessment of Human Impact Assessment of Air Pollution Using Lichens II. Winter season: Making a Fire for Winter Survival Simple Survey of Field Study Site Growth Dynamics of Trees Forest Mapping Green Plants under Snow Cover Territorial Behavior of Titmouse Flocks Winter Route Census of Mammals Mammal Ecology According to Winter Tracking Physical Properties of Natural Waters Snow Cover Profile III. Spring season: Helping Native Birds Early Flowering Plants Spring Flowers Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Forest Invertebrates-1 Amphibians Rocks and Minerals Daily Bird Song Activity Bird Census Methods Fauna of Vernal Pools IV. Summer season: School Herbarium Flora Inventory Vertical Structure of a Forest Forest Invertebrates-2 Birds Nesting Behavior Comparative Description of Rivers and Streams Aquatic Invertebrates and Environmental Status Plankton in the Littoral Zone Environmental Status of Meadows Status of Forests Based on Asymmetry of Tree Leave

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Field Studies Techniques" includes 5 parts/series corresponding to a specific field sciences (Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology and Bioindication) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which can be arranged in different seasons of the year. Each series contains techniques focusing on practical skills which can be applied in the field research. This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology and ecology. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions.This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Field Studies Techniques. Part 4: Hydrobiology and Water Ecology" is the fourth in the series. Practical skills include the hydrological study of small rivers and streams, physical and chemical properties of natural waters, the study of plankton and benthos, as well as fauna of the spring temporary water reservoirs. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all field study lessons: I. GEOGRAPHY: Orienteering in the forest Eye Survey of the Field Study Site Mapping Forest Vegetation Geological Exposure Description Minerals and Rocks in Your Area Profile of a River Valley Slope Soil Description Integrated Study on Landscape Profile Description of Small Rivers and Streams Study of Snow Cover Making a Campfire II. BOTANY: Species Composition and Number of Fungi Making a Herbarium Plants in Your Local Environment Vertical Structure of a Forest Green Plants Under Snow Ecology of Early Flowering Plants Phenology of Plant Florescence Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry III. ZOOLOGY: Forest Invertebrates 1: Forest Litter and Wood Forest Invertebrates 2: Grass, Tree Crowns and Air Water Invertebrates in a Local River Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians Making Feeders and Nesting Boxes Species Composition and Census of Birds Studies of Bird Populations by Different Methods Day Activity of Singing Birds Birds' Nesting Life Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks IV. HYDROBIOLOGY: Description of Small Rivers and Streams Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters Water Invertebrates in a Local River Study of Plankton Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians V. BIOINDICATION: Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area Water Invertebrates and Assessment of River Environmental State

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages.The whole book "Investigating Nature Together" includes 4 parts/series corresponding to a specific season (Autumn-Winter-Spring-Summer) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which focus on aquatic ecology, botany, forest ecology, soil studies, landscape analysis, ornithology, anthropogenic effects on nature, etc.Each series contains lessons focusing on practical skills which will be applied in further field studies. The lessons focus on five main themes - landscape, botany, zoology, water ecology and environmental monitoring. Some lessons are closely associated with the seasons and others are more universal.This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology, ecology and the nature of science. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions.This book promotes understanding of ecosystems and the protection of the environment through the training of teachers in specific field study techniques, the education of young people in ecology concepts and issues and the sharing of ecological study results between colleagues. The primary goal of this work is connecting students and teachers, addressing important environmental issues and promoting environmental interest, knowledge and values.This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment.This specific book "Investigating Nature Together. Part 1: Autumn" is the first in the series. Practical skills emphasize orientation to the study areas and lessons focus on landscape, geology, soil and birds. These activities are the basis of future field work. The first two complex studies of ecosystem status included in this series are air pollution monitoring using lichens and assessment of human impact on an area.The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003).The list of all 40 field study lessons: I. Autumn season: Orientation in the forestDescription of Geological ExposureProfiling of River Valley SlopeSoil Profile PitForest Health of the Coniferous TreesSpecies Composition and Abundance of FungiCensus of Birds by Line Transect CountingIntegrated Study of Landscape ProfileEnvironmental Assessment of Human ImpactAssessment of Air Pollution Using LichensII. Winter season: Making a Fire for Winter SurvivalSimple Survey of Field Study SiteGrowth Dynamics of TreesForest MappingGreen Plants under Snow CoverTerritorial Behavior of Titmouse FlocksWinter Route Census of MammalsMammal Ecology According to Winter TrackingPhysical Properties of Natural WatersSnow Cover ProfileIII. Spring season: Helping Native BirdsEarly Flowering PlantsSpring FlowersVital State of Coniferous UnderbrushForest Invertebrates-1AmphibiansRocks and MineralsDaily Bird Song ActivityBird Census MethodsFauna of Vernal PoolsIV. Summer season: School HerbariumFlora InventoryVertical Structure of a ForestForest Invertebrates-2Birds Nesting BehaviorComparative Description of Rivers and StreamsAquatic Invertebrates and Environmental StatusPlankton in the Littoral ZoneEnvironmental Status of MeadowsStatus of Forests Based on Asymmetry of Tree L

This book contains ecological field studies techniques, that can be conducted in wild nature by non-professional researchers - school and university students together with their teachers, single beginning investigators, families, amateurs of all ages. The whole book "Field Studies Techniques" includes 5 parts/series corresponding to a specific field sciences (Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology and Bioindication) with totally 40 environmental study lessons (see below) covered a wide variety of activities in nature which can be arranged in different seasons of the year. Each series contains techniques focusing on practical skills which can be applied in the field research. This book promotes a wide variety of outcomes which correspond to established educational standards in many countries. The ecological field study activities address content standards in the areas of earth science, life science, biology and ecology. Intellectual skill development includes questioning, data collection, analysis and drawing conclusions. This book is addressed to the middle and secondary level science teachers and students, and for all those who would like to investigate local wild nature, to share ecological and cultural information and work together to help create a better environment. This specific book "Field Studies Techniques. Part 2: Botany" is the second in the series. Practical skills include the study of fungi and flora of the local area, making a herbarium, geobotanical study of the forest, as well as study of green plants under snow, primrose ecology and phenology of flowering plants. All these techniques are the basis for the most of zoological and monitoring research projects. The techniques described in this book, were written by Alexander Bogolyubov (1996-2002), translated into English by Tatiana Tatarinova (2002) and edited by Michael Brody (2003). The list of all field study lessons: I. GEOGRAPHY: Orienteering in the forest Eye Survey of the Field Study Site Mapping Forest Vegetation Geological Exposure Description Minerals and Rocks in Your Area Profile of a River Valley Slope Soil Description Integrated Study on Landscape Profile Description of Small Rivers and Streams Study of Snow Cover Making a Campfire II. BOTANY: Species Composition and Number of Fungi Making a Herbarium Plants in Your Local Environment Vertical Structure of a Forest Green Plants Under Snow Ecology of Early Flowering Plants Phenology of Plant Florescence Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry III. ZOOLOGY: Forest Invertebrates 1: Forest Litter and Wood Forest Invertebrates 2: Grass, Tree Crowns and Air Water Invertebrates in a Local River Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians Making Feeders and Nesting Boxes Species Composition and Census of Birds Studies of Bird Populations by Different Methods Day Activity of Singing Birds Birds' Nesting Life Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks IV. HYDROBIOLOGY: Description of Small Rivers and Streams Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters Water Invertebrates in a Local River Study of Plankton Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians V. BIOINDICATION: Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area Water Invertebrates and Assessment of River Environmental State

This collection of essays, written between 1980 and 2001, places the search for theoretical elegance at centre stage. and makes available important and some less easily accessible publications with new introductory material.