Bøger af Paul Salem

Since launching the so-called "War on Terror" in the aftermath of the attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States has become adept at militarily quashing perceived terrorist threats. The U.S. homeland has arguably never been safer than it is today, and al-Qaeda's leadership has been forced into hiding, operating as a shadow of its former self. However, the onset of crippling instability that hit swathes of the Middle East and North Africa beginning in 2010 and 2011 created conditions in which terrorist organizations have not only recovered, but thrived. The dramatic growth of ISIS in Iraq and Syria in 2014 represented the emergence of the world's most powerful terrorist organization and facilitated its expansion across all corners of the world. Faced with new competition, al-Qaeda affiliates adapted, often experimenting with new modes of operation. Iran, meanwhile, empowered by its Lebanese proxy Hezbollah, has developed extensive militant networks in the region, transforming power dynamics in Iraq, Syria, and Yemen. In the midst of this chaotic environment, in which terrorist threats have multiplied and diversified, the U.S. and its allies have won a great many battles, but are still losing the war.

It might seem confounding to explore the pathways and prospects for regional cooperation in a Middle East currently mired in proxy conflict, civil war and terrorism. But the Middle East is not the first region in the world to pass through a period of intense conflict-consider Europe or East Asia just a few decades ago-and exit on a path toward regional cooperation. Indeed, it is exactly the immense toll that regional conflict is taking on states, societies, and economies of the region that makes developing a vision toward defusing regional conflict and building stability all the more urgent. Societies at war are those that urgently need an alternative vision of regional order and a roadmap for getting there. Despite-or perhaps because of-the conflicted realities of today's Middle East, this volume takes on the issue of regional cooperation head-on. In total, it attempts to provide a balanced approach-neither falling into the traps of naïve optimism nor cynical pessimism. It does, however, approach the topic from the belief that the only way to move the Middle East from its current state of instability, destruction, and despair is through eventual cooperation between the major regional powers, as remote as the prospects for this appear today.

This is a critical study of the evolution of Arab political thought since the beginning of the 20th century. The author places ideology in a comparative and dialectical framework, approaching the work from a multidisciplinary perspective.