Bøger af Richa Kothari

O título complexo Zn (II) foi sintetizado pela reacção do composto Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-clorofenil) etilideno]hidrazinil}-N-(4-metilfenil)-3-oxo propanamida com Zn (II) cloreto desidratado em dimetilsulfóxido alcalino e solução de etanol em estado de reflexão durante 8 horas. O composto incolor resultante foi filtrado e recristalizado a partir da mistura de dimetilsulfóxido e etanol. A base de hidrazona Schiff e o seu complexo Zn (II) foram caracterizados pela utilização de espectroscopia UV-Vis e análise de XRD, TEM e SEM. As actividades antibacterianas da base de hidrazona de Schiff e do seu complexo Zn foram examinadas utilizando o método de difusão em disco.O resultado dos espectros mostrou que o ligante de base de hidrazona Schiff sofre um ligante keto-enoltautomerismo formando um ligante bidentado (N, N) em direcção aos iões Zn+2 (II). É muito interessante que nos lados dos dois ligandos de base de hidrazona Schiff que se coordenam com os iões Zn+2, foram também coordenadas duas fracções adicionais de tiossemicarbazina com iões Zn+2 no pó cristalino, resultando num complexo hexa distorcido de Zn (II) octaédrico coordenado.

In the present study a series of Cu (II) complexes of Schiff base molecular adducts of doxorubicin have been synthesized and characterized by analytical, molar conductance, IR electronic magnetic susceptibility and powder XRD measurements and screened for various biological activities (antioxidants, and cytotoxicity). In all the Cu (II) complexes 1:2 metal to ligand molar ratio was obtained from analytical data. The molar conductance data confirm that all complexes are non- electrolytic in nature. Based on the electronic and magnetic data, an distorted octahedral geometry is ascribed for all the copper (II) complexes. All Cu (II) complexes showed considerable anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell lines and more pronounced antioxidant activity lines and more pronounced antioxidant activity in the presence of DPPH. The newly synthesized title compounds were evaluated for their MCF-7 cell growth inhibition, the results revealed that all the tested compounds possess inhibitory effects on the growth of MCF-7 cancer cells. Compound 3 showed the highest inhibition activity against MCF-7 cell line (IC50 7.21 ± 0.1 ¿g/ml) among all tested Compounds.

The title Zn (II) complex was synthesized by reacting the compound Bis-[(E)-3{2-(1-4-chlorophenyl) ethylidiene]hydrazinyl}-N-(4-methylphenyl)-3-oxo propanamide with Zn (II) chloride dehydrate in alkaline dimethylsulphoxide and ethanol solution under reflexing condition for 8 hours. The resultant colorless compound was filtered and recrystallized from the mixture of dimethylsulphoxide and ethanol. The hydrazone Schiff base and its Zn (II) complex were characterized by using UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRD, TEM and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activities of hydrazone Schiff base and its Zn complex were examined using disc diffusion method. The spectra result showed that the hydrazone Schiff base ligand undergoes keto-enoltautomerism forming a bidentated ligand (N, N) towards Zn+2 (II) ions. It is very interesting that on sides of the two hydrazone Schiff base ligands which coordinate to the Zn+2 ions, an additional two thiosemicarbazine moiety were also coordinated with Zn+2 ions in the crystalline powder, resulting in a hexa coordinated distorted octahedral Zn (II) complex.

Una relazione di ligandi idrazonici di base schiffica acquisiti dallo zenzero e di complessi coordinati di nichel (II) sono stati combinati mediante la semplice reazione di condensazione della 3-bromobenzaldeide con lo zenzero prelevato dalla soluzione etanolica di zenzero in polvere e con il sale di nichel in rapporto molare 2:1. Tutti i complessi sintetizzati sono stati osservati utilizzando numerose procedure analitiche e spettroscopiche come analisi elementare, conduttanza molare UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD e analisi termo gravimetrica. I ligandi [Ni(L1)4Cl2].6H20 e [Ni(L2)6]2Cl.2H20 dove L1 e L2 sono ligandi idrazonici di base Schiff derivati da quelli presenti in natura e 3-bromobenzaldeide sintetizzati in condizioni di reazione moderate. I ligandi e i loro complessi di nichel (II) sono stati testati per l'attività antiossidante con il metodo DPPH e folin per scoprire il valore ¿max dei complessi metallici.

A report of Ginger acquired Hydrazone Schiff base ligands and Coordinated nickel (II) Complex have been combination by the simple condensation reaction of 3-bromobenzaldehyde with the Ginger take out from Ethanolic solution of Powdered Ginger and Nickel salt in 2:1 Molar ratio. All the Synthesized complex have been observe by using many analytical and Spectroscopic procedure like elemental analyze, molar conductance UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and Thermo gravimetric analysis. [Ni(L1)4Cl2].6H20 and [Ni(L2)6]2Cl.2H20 where L1 and L2 the hydrazones Schiff base ligands derived from naturally occurring and 3-bromobenzaldehyde synthesized in the moderate reaction condition. Ligands and their nickel (II) complex were tested for Antioxidant activity by DPPH and folin method to find out the ¿max value of the metal complexes.

A novel series of Cinnamon acquired hydrazone Schiff base ligands and Coordinated chromium (III) Complexes have been synthesised by the simple condensation reaction of 2-hydrazino Carbonyldrazide with the Cinnamonaldehyde (extracted from ethanolic solution of powdered Cinnamon), pyrrol carboxaldehyde and Chromium (III) salt in 2:1 Molar ratio. All the synthesized compounds have been Characterized by using various analytical and spectroscopic techniques like elemental analysis, molar conductance UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM and TGA techniques. On the basis of physicochemical measurements the following empirical formula have been assigned to Chromium(III) complexes [Cr(H2L)1] Cl2.H2O and [Cr(H2L)2] Cl2.H2O where (H2L)1 is the Cinnamon acquired hydrazone Schiff base ligand and (H2L)2 is the Schiff base ligand obtained from pyrrol crboxaldehyde. The total antioxidant activity of all compounds were tested via DPPH method and their antioxidant activity was appraise by comparing with standard substance 2,2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazinyl. It is dark coloured Crystalline powder composed of stable free radical molecules.

Nowadays metal based anti cancer drugs is broad in scope, and targets multiple cellular and biological properties across several tumor types. From the last forty years, the development of anticancer drugs moved away from conventional cytotoxicity and towards the rational design of selective agents that act on specific cellular targets but, significant challenges remain, and the interface between structural biology and chemistry may provide the most productive means for discovering and improving upon novel anticancer agents. In nature, many biological systems make extensive use of metal ions, such as zinc and copper, which play critical roles in the normal functioning of organisms. Transition metals such as copper, iron, and manganese, among others, are involved in multiple biological processes, from electron transfer to catalysis to structural roles, and are frequently associated with active sites of proteins and enzymes. However, dysregulation of some of these essential metals during normal biochemical processing has been implicated in the development of various pathological disorders, such as cancer ,diabetes etc.. These cellular functions require metal ions like Cu.

This book presents a ¿CONTROLLED RELEASE ENCAPSULATED FERTILIZERS:PREPARTATION AND SPECTROSCOPIC CHARECTRIZATION¿ derived from urea , potash, sodium alginate, calcium chloride. All these two fertilizers get immobilized in sodium alginate by the help of calcium chloride, the characterization of Urea and Potash by UV and FT-IR shows that urea and potash fertilizers get immobilized in beads of urea and potash which is prepared by the help of sodium alginate and calcium chloride. The determination of soil content indicates that fertilizers which get immobilized in the beads prepared are slowly releasing fertilizers to the soil and it is proved by characterization of soil by UV. So from the above method it can be concluded that this method can be used for manufacturing of fertilizers and after preparation of encapsulated fertilizers it will increase the fertility of soil by applying in less amount and it will help farmers to save their money, and lot of farmer will want to cultivate more land which will be a very good sign for our country.

Herbal cosmetics are formulated, using different cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal ingredients are used to cure various skin ailments. The name itself suggests that herbal cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals which otherwise may prove to be toxic to the skin. Compared to other synthetic beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use. Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrid products intended to improve the health and beauty of the skin by providing a specific result, ranging from acne-control and anti-wrinkle effects, to sun protection. Cosmeceuticals have medicinal benefits which affect the biological functioning of skin depending upon type of functional ingredients they contain. These are cosmetic products that are not just used for beautification but for different skin ailments. Herbal products improve the functioning/texture of the skin by boosting collagen growth by eradicating harmful effects of free radicals, maintains keratin structure in good condition and making the skin healthier.

Breast cancer encompasses a group of very heterogeneous diseases, which can be demonstrated at the molecular, histopathologic and clinical levels. The heterogeneity at the molecular level has been demonstrated by reproducible differences in the frequencies and magnitudes of genomic aberrations and by differential gene expression among breast carcinomas, even those with similar histology. Studies on whole-genome analysis using expression microarray have revolutionized our understanding of breast carcinomas, which has led to the discovery of 5 distinct subtypes of breast carcinomas (Luminal A,Luminal B, HER2 over-expression, Basal-like, Normal-like), each with unique recognizable phenotypes and clinical outcomes. Subsequent studies have shown that breast carcinomas can also be divided into 5 similar subgroups using immune histochemical (IHC)analysis as a surrogate with a limited panel of antibody markers (including ER, PR, HER2, CK5/6 and EGFR). These subgroups have distinguishing features closely associated with subtypes defined by gene expression profiling, including distinct clinical outcomes, different responses to adjuvant therapy and different patterns of metastatic recurrence.

Nanoparticles of copper have superior properties as compared to the bulk copper material. Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been used to synthesise copper nanoparticles in the present study as it is nontoxic and cheap. The prepared copper nanoparticles were characterized by UV¿ V spectrophotometer showing a typical resonance at about 631 nm which is specific for CuNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that oxygen-containing functional groups in the C zeylanicum are involved in the nanoparticle synthesis reaction. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was also used to confirm that CuNPs are spherical shape. The antimicrobial activity was carried out against E-coli, Enterobacteria, Stephylococcus aureus, Bascillus to confirm that these particles may act as antimicrobial agents.