Bøger af Richard Cleminson

This book traces the convergence between anarchism, as an anti-authoritarian, anti-statist political doctrine, and eugenics, the science of 'race improvement' in five countries between 1890 and 1940. -- .

This study examines the reception of the controversial science of eugenics in Catalan and Valencian anarchist reviews in the early twentieth century, setting anarchist discourse on sexuality, theories of degeneration, inheritance and disease in the context of anarchism¿s own ideological framework, European sexology and eugenics itself. Drawing on a detailed analysis of the reviews Salud y Fuerza, Generación Consciente and Estudios, the author suggests that some anarchists¿ acceptance of eugenic science was predicated upon their enthusiasm for science as ¿objective knowledge¿ and ¿scientiä as a form of cultural ascendancy vital to their revolutionary project. Anarchist eugenics, however, as articulated in these reviews, was not stable and shifted focus and scientific rationale over time and as new ideas came to the fore. The author shows how far the social and ideological concerns of anarchists constructed their form of eugenics and how eugenic science in turn helped to construct a form of anarchism which sought to incorporate sexological science into what anarchists believed was a radical sexual project for the age.

Research into homosexuality in Spain is in its infancy. The last ten or fifteen years have seen a proliferation of studies on gender in Spain but much of this work has concentrated on women's history, literature and femininity. In contrast to existing research which concentrates on literature and literary figures, Los Invisibles focuses on the change in cultural representation of same-sex activity of through medicalisation, social and political anxieties about race and the late emergence of homosexual sub-cultures in the last quarter of the twentieth century. As such, this book constitutes an analysis of discourses and ideas from a social history and medical history position. Much of the research for the book was supported by a grant from the Wellcome Trust to research the medicalisation of homosexuality in Spain.A PDF version of this book is available for free in open access via the OAPEN Library platform. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license and is part of the OAPEN-UK research project.

This is the first book in English to analyse the medical category of 'hermaphroditism' in Spain over the period 1850-1960. It attempts to show how the relationship between the male and female body, biological 'sex', gender and sexuality constantly changed in the light of emerging medical, legal and social influences. Tracing the evolution of the hermaphrodite from its association with the 'marvellous' to the association with intersexuality and transexuality, this book emphasizes how the frameworks employed by scientists and doctors reflected not only changing international paradigms with respect to 'hermaphrodite science' but also social anxieties about shifting gender roles, the evolving discourse on sexuality and, in particular, the increased visibility of the 'sexual deviancies' such as homosexuality and changing legislation on marriage and divorce. Finally, we hope to open a space whereby the voice of 'hermaphrodites' and 'intersexuals' themselves could be heard in the past as agents in the construction of their own destiny as figures deemed 'in-between' by medicine and society.