Bøger af Stefan Kirchner

Scientific Essay from the year 2015 in the subject Law - Comparative Legal Systems, Comparative Law, , language: English, abstract: Aging societies and advances in medicine make it likely that biomedical issues will pose legal challenges. While biolaw can provide some regulation, important life and death decisions have to be taken by patients and physicians. Often, though, patients are no longer capable of making such decisions. In 2009, Germany formalized the private law rules on advance directives. While advance directives, also referred to as living wills, are still widely associated with wishes for euthanasia, they function today goes far beyond that. In terms of criminal law, Germany still outlaws active euthanasia. In so far it differs from the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Switzerland. Given that there has been a noticeable shift of emphasis from human dignity and the right to life to personal autonomy as a function of human dignity and in light of the legalization of euthanasia in several neighboring countries and resulting euthanasia tourism from Germany to Switzerland, there is a risk that the legal situation or at least the general attitude and the perception of the law will also change in Germany. This can lead to a risk of unwanted active or passive euthanasia, a problem which is highlighted by a case which is currently pending before the European Court of Human Rights against France. Taking into account human rights and human dignity as well as the continued underlying role of cultural-religious values it will be shown that there is now an emerging role for advance directives as tool to enable patients to protect their lives if the law fails to do so.

Scientific Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Law - Philosophy, History and Sociology of Law, , language: English, abstract: Biolaw is a new legal discipline. Still closely related to the fundamentals on which law is built, such as philosophy, biolaw has evolved into a truly legal discipline. At the same time has it been recognized that biolaw has multiple sources and the recent emergence of the discipline makes these sources still relatively visible. This visibility might limit the acceptance of biolaw and in this article it will be attempted to pay attention to some of the issues which follow from the fact that biolaw is based on multiple sources. Particular attention will be given to one aspect which might be most controversial from a political perspective: the continued role of religion ¿ and in particular Christian religion ¿ in shaping thinking about biolaw also in secular societies.

Immigration in the Circumpolar North: Integration and Resilience explores interconnected issues of integration and resilience among immigrants and host communities in the Arctic region. It examines the factors that inhibit or enable the success of immigrants to the Arctic and the role of territoriality in the process of integration.

Document from the year 2008 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, Université Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV) , language: English, abstract: About 5.4 million people have been killed in the wars in the Democratic Republic ofCongo (D.R.C.), the former Zaire. 45,000 die every month and hundreds of thousands ofwomen have been raped here in recent years. Wartime rapes are anything but new and havebeen employed not only to terrorize the population but also as weapon of genocide inRwanda, Bosnia and Darfur. The Eastern Congolese provinces of North and South Kivuhave been affected by particular gruesome acts of violence and thousands of victims sufferfrom rape-induced fistulae, ruptures of the walls which separate the victim's vagina fromher rectum. According to UN staff and doctors in the region, all armed groups in theregion are involved in rapes and despite the 2002 Pretoria Accord which put an official endto the war, attacks and rapes continue to this very day. Many survivors are forced out oftheir homes and their families abandoned and left to fend for themselves. Therefore, apartfrom medical treatment and psychological counseling, there is a strong demand for justice.But due to the weak position of women in Congolese society, justice is much harder to getby than medical treatment. Although the Congolese Penal Code and Military Penal Codepenalize these crimes, the reaction by the Congolese government to the atrocities remainsinsufficient, making a solution based on Congolese criminal law unlikely. The practicalapplication of the D.R.C.'s domestic laws is found wanting and the law does not have thedeterrent effect which is required to prevent future atrocities, also due to the traditionalposition of women in Congolese society continues to be reflected in the law: According toArt. 448 of the D.R.C.'s family code, a married woman has to obtain her husband'spermission to bring a case to court ¿ which provides a major obstacle on the road tojustice. This book deals with the multidimensional aspects of the problem, which rangefrom medicine and psychology to social issues and the quest for justice. In the latter partwe will examine not only the background by looking at relevant rules of InternationalHuman Rights Law and International Humanitarian Law but also look at legal responses tothese crimes both on a national level in the D.R.C. as well as on an international level andwith the question of how justice can be achieved for rape victims in a country ravaged bywar in which women continue to be second class citizens.

Fachbuch aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich Jura - Zivilrecht / Handelsrecht, Gesellschaftsrecht, Kartellrecht, Wirtschaftsrecht, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Angesichts leerer Haushaltskassen werden Public Private Partnerships immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnen. Das Konzessions- oder Betreibermodell ist hierzulande noch nicht so weit verbreitet wie andere PPP-Modelle. Dies dürfte an der Tatsache liegen, dass der wirtschaftliche Erfolg von PPP-Projekten auf Basis des Konzessionsmodells nicht nur von den beiden Partnern sondern auch von Dritten abhängt. Damit verbunden sind besondere Herausforderungen und Risiken, auf die wir im folgenden zu sprechen kommen werden.Wir werden zunächst die beiden PPP-Projekte betrachten, die bislang in der Bundesrepublik in Form von Konzessionen durchgeführt worden sind bzw. aktuell laufen2 und sodann das Konzessionsmodell näher betrachten. In diesem Rahmen werden wir unter anderem einen Blick auf die Leistungen werfen, die von den einzelnen Partner zu erbringen sind, auf die Struktur der Zahlungsströmesowie auf die Risiken des Konzessionsmodells. Basierend hierauf sollen danach wesentliche Vorgaben für die Vertragsgestaltung herausgearbeitet.