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In any agricultural country, various types of agricultural commodities are produced in large quantities and to handle such quantities during harvest, post-harvest, processing and transportation, various types of equipment are required. To design particular equipment or determining the behaviour of the product for its handling, physical properties such as size, shape, surface area, volume, density, porosity are very important. Various types of cleaning, grading and separation equipment are designed on the basis of physical properties of seeds such as size, shape, specific gravity etc. The book will provide a fundamental understanding of engineering properties of agricultural produce and the knowledge of engineering properties are combined with engineering knowledge. Each chapter in the book will be helpful for the students to understand the relationship between engineering properties of raw, semi-finished and processed food to obtain products with desired shelf-life and quality. This book discusses basic definitions, principles of engineering properties and their measurement methods with research findings. It will be helpful to the students for their self-study and to gain information how to analyze experimental data to generate practical information. It will also be helpful for students who deal with engineering properties in their research. Methods to measure these properties are also explained in details.
Ch. 10 has a utilization of pectin in semi solids or intermediate food products. Ch.11 may have applications of Ionizing radiation in food processing and other related activities. Ch.12 ranges Rice milling system from the home-scale to the large, complex modern rice-processing installations. Ch.13 covers antifungal agents or antimicrobial food additives need to utilize at extreme concentration or levels in a food to be effective when used alone for inhibiting microbial load of foods and extent their shelf-life for longer period. Ch.14 explains anti-nutritional factors present in food, including their contents of enzyme inhibitors, lectins, flatulence factors, tannins, phytic acid and saponins. Ch.15 covered artificial sweeteners are added to processed foods and beverages to impart taste without adding calories. Ch.16 contain up to date about extrusion cooking which is an emerging technology having advantages of low production cost, capable of producing end products in various shapes and sizes, from a variety of food materials with easy digestibility, maintaining hygiene and high product quality and leaving no effluents or hazardous materials. In Ch.17 the potentially useful, but so far little used process of fruit jelly is discussed. Ch.18 elaborates about the Zero energy cool chamber.
This book provides a systematic and focused study of the various aspects of twin support vector machines (TWSVM) and related developments for classification and regression.
Game theory has already proved its tremendous potential for con?ict resolution problems in the ?elds of Decision Theory and Economics. The objective of this book is to present a systematic and focussed study of the application of fuzzy sets to two very basic areas of decision theory, namely Mathematical Programming and Matrix Game Theory.
This monograph presents a comprehensive study of portfolio optimization, an important area of quantitative finance. Considering that the information available in financial markets is incomplete and that the markets are affected by vagueness and ambiguity, the monograph deals with fuzzy portfolio optimization models.
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