Bøger udgivet af Cosimo Reports

Khrushchev-A Personality Sketch (1961), is a psychoanalytical profile of Soviet statesman Khrushchev by the CIA on the request of President John F. Kennedy as preparation for his 1961 Vienna Summit with Khrushchev.

"...On September 11, 1998, millions of Americans took a break from their daily newspaper to rush online and download The Starr Report. At several hundred pages, the Starr Report dwarfed the capacity of a print edition, plus everyone wanted to skip to the dirty stuff." -T.A. Frank, journalist, Vanity Fair, September 3, 2018 The Starr Report-Referral from Independent Counsel Kenneth W. Starr Regarding President Clinton was released in September 1998 to Congress. After a four-year investigation into an array of issues related to President Bill Clinton's pre-presidency financial dealings, alleged abuses by the White House, and Clinton's conduct as a defendant in a sexual harassment lawsuit, it was especially Clinton's affair with Monica Lewinsky, a former White House intern, that caused this report to conclude there were 11 grounds for impeaching President Clinton, including perjury, obstruction of justice, witness tampering, and abuse of power.On December 19, 1998, Clinton became the second American president to be impeached by the House of Representatives (the other was Andrew Johnson in 1868). On February 12, 1999 Clinton was acquitted of the charges against him, when the Senate failed to convict him by the necessary two-thirds majority vote.This edition contains Volume II-the Referral from Independent Counsel Kenneth W. Starr, House Document No. 105-310.

The September 2008 run on money market funds ("MMFs"), during the financial crisis underscored the vulnerability of the financial system to systemic risk.

In response to an increase in terrorism around the globe, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 required the President's Working Group on Financial Markets to analyze the long-term availability of terrorism risk insurance.

".. excessive leverage can increase the likelihood of a general breakdown in the functioning of financial markets." --President's Working Group on Financial Markets, 1999Hedge Funds, Leverage, and the Lessons of Long-Term Capital Management is a report issued by the President's Working Group in 1999, after the prior year's crisis in global financial markets and the near collapse of Long-Term Capital Management. This report explains the risks of excessive leverage of hedge funds and other financial institutions to the financial system, and recommends measures to mitigate these risks.Students of financial history, journalists, politicians, and anyone interested in the workings of financial markets and the Plunge Protection Team, will find this vital background reading.

In 1998, Congress requested the President's Working Group on Financial Markets to develop policy with respect to over-the-counter derivative instruments.

ROBERT S. MUELLER's inquiry into President Donald Trump's possible collusion with Russia has engulfed US politics and US-Russia relations for the last two years, reaching levels of hysteria among political pundits and the media. Was it a "witch hunt," as Trump supporters believed, or a necessary look into impeachable offenses?

"As the nation that developed the Internet, the world expects us to ensure that the digital revolution works as a tool for individual empowerment, not government control." -President Barack Obama, Speech on NSA Reforms, January 17, 2014After Edward Snowden revealed how the National Security Agency gathered personal data and spied on US allies, President Obama in 2013 commissioned the REVIEW GROUP ON INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES to address this controversy.The Review Group produced a comprehensive report, Liberty and Security in a Changing World, which lists forty-six recommendations in order to rebuild trust regarding intelligence gathering. The report's objectives are to protect national security and strengthen foreign policy while respecting privacy and civil liberties. Among the recommendations are:- Limit Bulk Collection of Telephony Meta-Data;- Enhance the Privacy of Non-US Persons;- US Support for Encryption Standards;- US Support for International Norms Enhancing the Security of Online Communications.Although many recommendations of this report were well-received, a strong dissenting voice came from the Electronic Frontier Foundation, expressing its disappointment that this report seemed to support continued mass surveillance.In this publication, you will also find two speeches by President Obama from December 20, 2013, and January 16, 2014, on the NSA reforms. Lastly, the Presidential Policy Directive PPD-28 of 2015, which implements those changes, is included in this publication.

"The term terrorism means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents." -From 22 U.S. Code § 2656fIn a year when the world continued to suffer from terrorist threats and attacks, the U.S. State Department in June 2016 released its annual review of global terrorism, the Country Reports on Terrorism 2015.Although according to this report most attacks happened in a small group of countries (Afghanistan, India, Iraq, Nigeria, and Pakistan), the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) remained the greatest threat globally, being responsible for most deaths (6,050) versus runner-up Boko Haram (5,450.) ISIL also increased its focus on mass-casualty attacks, for example in France and Turkey, and was able to inspire attacks in 2015 by individuals or small groups of self-radicalized individuals in several cities around the world. In addition to an up-to-date description of the terror threat in many countries, it also includes an overview of 58 Foreign Terrorist Organizations, from the Abdallah Azzam Brigades in Lebanon to Tehrik-e Taliban in Pakistan. Furthermore, the Annex of Statistical Information offers information on the number of individuals, including U.S. citizens and dual nationals, killed, injured, or kidnapped by each terrorist group during 2015.Students of terrorism, academics, journalists, and anyone concerned about the geopolitical state of the planet and the asymmetrical dangers the U.S. faces in the early 21st century will find this a vital background briefing.

What will the future of conflicts look like in 2035? The study Joint Operating Environment- JOE 2035: The Joint Force in a Contested and Disordered World looks into the future and tries to describe the circumstances that could change the security environment and the implications for the U.S., its interests, and allies.This study focuses first on two strategic challenges: Contested norms, where adversaries will challenge the rules and agreements of the current international order; and persistent disorder, where adversaries will exploit the inability of states to provide functioning and stable governance.It then continues with describing key trends, such as the changing world order in economic and military terms; human geography (population growth and migration); and developments in science and technology. These trends will shape the context of conflict, for example violent ideological competition, disruption of the global commons in open sea and space, and cyberspace attacks. This study ends with implications for how the U.S. should adapt and prepare for a wide range of very different security threats.Trend watchers, military buffs, journalists, and readers interested in how the world may change, should find this brief report very useful and interesting.

Given the increasing frequency and severity of anti-Semitic incidents (particularly in Western Europe) since the beginning of the 21st Century, members of the international community have been compelled to focus on such offenses with renewed energy.The Rise of Global Anti-Semitism was submitted by the US Department of State to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on International Relations in 2004. As a result, the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, as part of the State Department, made it available to the general public in early 2005.In an authoritative format, this report presents subject matter on:• Identifying the Four Main Sources of anti-Semitism• Acts of Harassment, Vandalism, and Physical Violence• The Role of International Media in Promoting anti-Semitism• US Government Actions to Monitor and Prevent anti-SemitismIn addition, a special section is included on Congressional Bill H.R. 4230, proposing the creation of an office to monitor and combat anti-Semitism within the US State Department.

Should the United States restrict online gambling because of its attendant potential for criminal money laundering? In 2002 Congress appointed the U.S. Government Accountability Office to study the issues, and it produced this informative report.Here, discover:. the legal framework for Internet gambling domestically and abroad. the credit card industry's policies regarding the use of credit cards to pay for Internet gambling, and actions taken to restrict such usage. the views of law enforcement, banking regulators, and the credit card and gaming industries on the vulnerability of Internet gambling to money laundering.Anyone interested in the unexpected ways in which the Internet is impacting crime and society will find this an intriguing read.The GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE was established in 1921 as the audit, evaluation, and investigative arm of the United States Congress.

It has, improbably, been called "uncommonly lucid, even riveting" by The New York Times, and it was a finalist for the 2004 National Book Awards nonfiction honor. It is a literally chilling read, especially in its minute-by-minute description of the events of the morning of 9/11 inside the Twin Towers. It is The 9/11 Commission Report, which was, before its publication, perhaps one of the most anticipated government reports of all time, and has been since an unlikely bestseller. The official statement by the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States-which was instituted in late 2002 and chaired by former New Jersey Governor Thomas Kean-it details what went wrong on that day (such as intelligence failures), what went right (the heroic response of emergency services and self-organizing civilians), and how to avert similar future attacks. Highlighting evidence from the day, from airport surveillance footage of the terrorists to phone calls from the doomed flights, and offering details that have otherwise gone unheard, this is an astonishing firsthand document of contemporary history. While controversial in parts-it has been criticized for failing to include testimony from key individuals, and it completely omits any mention of the mysterious collapse of WTC 7-it is nevertheless an essential record of one of the most transformational events of modern times.

In the aftermath of 9/11, President George W. Bush promised a grieving nation that the United States would capture or kill Osama Bin Laden, the mastermind behind the deadliest terrorist attack on American soil. Almost a decade later, the Al Qaeda leader is still alive and free, even after an occupation of Afghanistan by U.S. troops of more than eight years.In November 2009, the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, chaired by John F. Kerry, issued a report on what could be characterized as one of the greatest joint military and intelligence failures of recent American history: Bin Laden's escape from his stronghold in the mountains of Tora Bora, and his subsequent flight to a location that remains unknown.Who was responsible for the decision to put too few troops on the ground, and what justification could there have been for such a decision? What alternative plans were available? What can we learn from the flaws of the Afghan occupation?Anyone interested in current affairs-and especially in the beginning of the Global War on Terror-will find this essential reading.

"Open and accountable government is one of the bedrock principles of our democracy. Yet virtually since Inauguration Day, questions have been raised about the Bush Administration's commitment to this principle. News articles and reports by independent groups over the last four years have identified a growing series of instances where the Administration has sought to operate without public or congressional scrutiny.[t]he Bush Administration has acted to restrict the amount of government information that is available." - Executive Summary, Secrecy in the Bush AdministrationProduced at the request of Rep. Henry A. Waxman (D-CA), this report is a comprehensive examination of secrecy in the Bush Administration. It analyzes how the Administration has implemented our nation's major open government laws - yet have worked consistently to undermine them.The information contained in ON RESTORING OPEN GOVERNMENT: Secrecy in the Bush Administration covers a wide assortment of topics from restricting the public release of the papers of past presidents to expansion of the authority to classify documents to the dramatic increase in the number of documents classified.Among the documents the Bush Administration have classified and refused to release to the public and members of Congress include:· Contact between energy companies and Vice President Dick Cheney's energy task force· Communications between the Defense Department and the Vice President's office aboutcontracts awarded to Halliburton· Documents describing the prison abuses at Abu Ghraib and the military's related actions· Information regarding what The White House knew about Iraq's weapons of mass destructionIncluded is a section relating to Restoring Open Government (H.R. Bill 5073) proposed in September 2004 by Rep. Henry A. Waxman and referred to The Committee on Government Reform.

"The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projects that if current laws and policies remained the same, the federal government would run budget deficits of $368 billion in 2005 and $295 billion in 2006. However.those estimates omit a significant amount of spending that will occur this year-and conceivably for some time in the future-for U.S. military efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan and for other efforts in the war on terrorism." - Summary, The Budget and Economic Outlook: Fiscal Years 2006 to 2015The Budget and Economic Outlook presents topics related to leading economic issues including:· A review of 2004's budget outlook and the concept behind CBO's baseline projections· The importance of productivity growth for economic and budget projections as well as an overview of CBO's two-year forecast· Revenues by source and revenue projections in detail· An outlook of mandatory and discretionary spending, including net interest· Budget resolution targets vs. actual budget outcomesTHE U.S. BUDGET & ECONOMIC OUTLOOK: 2006-2015 is one of a series of reports on the state of the U.S. budget and economy that the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) issued each year. It is the requirement of Section 202(e) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 for the CBO to submit to the Committees on the Budget periodic reports about fiscal policy and to provide baseline projections of the federal budget.In accordance with the CBO's mandate to provide impartial analysis, the report makes no recommendations. For additional information about the Congressional Budget Office, please visit www.cbo.gov.