Bøger udgivet af East-West Center

This revised edition of Palmore and Gardner's popular introductory textbook presents elementary measures used in demographic analysis, beginning with rates, ratios, percentages, and probabilities and proceeding to the crude death rate and age-specific death rates, standardized rates, the infant mortality rate, the life table, the crude birth rate and age-specific fertility rates, the general fertility rate, total fertility rate, gross and net reproduction rates, period and cohort fertility measures, and the analysis of birth intervals. Written in a direct, conversational style, it includes numerous examples and illustrations that have been updated with data from the 1990 round of censuses. At the end of each section are exercises and quizzes designed to test students' understanding of the material presented. Four appendixes and recommendations for further reading provide readers with additional useful information. Includes an index.

O Amerika Samoa o le tasi lea o nofoaga e ese le matagofi e o ona laufanua ma siosiomaga i le lalolagi. Ae peita'i, a umi ona e nofomau i Amerika Samoa, (pei lava o isi nofoaga) e le malu puipuia mai i fa'afi tauli fa'alenatura po'o ni fa'afi tauli a afua mai i galuega a le tagata. O le autu o lenei galuega ina ia lava ona malamalama Amerika Samoa i le feso'otaga o tulaga-lamatia fa'anatura ma fesoasoani i tagata nuu ma ta'ita'i tofi ga o Amerika Samoa i tapenaga mo mea e tutupu i le lumana'i.

American Samoa is home to some of the most beautiful ecosystems on earth. But if you've lived here long, you know that American Samoa (like everywhere else) is vulnerable to natural and man-made disasters. The purpose of this project is to better understand American Samoa's relationship with natural hazards and to help American Samoa citizens and professionals prepare for future events.

Maui is home to some of the most beautiful ecosystems on earth. But if you've lived here long, you know that Maui (like everywhere else) is vulnerable to natural and man-made disasters. The purpose of this project is to better understand Maui's relationship with natural hazards and to help Maui citizens and professionals prepare for future events.

Tourism was a distant hope as an engine for economic growth. Chuuk, Marshall Islands, Northern Marianas, Palau, Pohnpei, and Yap began promoting tourism at the same time. Policymakers in the Pacific look to tourism for national economic development, but they should not assume all Pacific states can successfully summon a tourist industry at will.

On 7 August 2014, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) reached an important institutional milestone when the Court published its long-awaited Trial Judgment in the first case against two of the surviving alleged senior leaders of the Khmer Rouge--Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan ("Case 002/01"). The Court found both men guilty of crimes against humanity, and sentenced them each to life imprisonment, while awarding "moral and collective reparations" to the 3,869 Civil Parties participating in the trial. Despite hopes that the five-year process of judicial investigation, trial, deliberation, and Judgment-drafting would produce a rigorous and insightful final product, in reality, as this report argues, the 002/01 Judgment fails to deliver the most fundamental output one expects from a criminal trial--systematic application of the elements of crimes to a well-documented body of factual findings. Based, in part, on insight gained from the continuous presence of a team of trial monitors throughout trial, this report provides commentary on how a contentious and confusing trial process in Case 002/01 ultimately produced a similarly problematic final Judgment.

China, the world's leading exporter of electronic products, faces a fundamental dilemma. It is the largest and fastest-growing market for semiconductors, the core component of those electronics products. Yet, at least 80 percent of the semiconductors used in China's electronics products must be imported. As a result, China's trade deficit in semiconductors has more than doubled since 2005 and now exceeds the huge amount it spends on crude oil imports. To correct this unsustainable imbalance, China's new strategy to upgrade its semiconductor industry seeks to move from catching up to forging ahead in semiconductors. The strategy calls for simultaneously strengthening advanced manufacturing and innovation capabilities in China's integrated circuit (IC) design industry and its domestic IC fabrication, primarily through foundry services. Drawing on policy documents and interviews with China-based industry experts, this study takes a close look at the objectives, strategy, and implementation policies of China's new push in semiconductors and examines what this implies for China's prospects in this industry. The study shows that China's new policy resorts to private equity investment rather than subsidy as the tool of industrial policy. The government participates in equity investment and claims it will do so without intervening in management decisions. This policy is expected to reduce the cost of investment funds for a selected group of firms, which is to form a "national team" in the semiconductor industry. China's new policy to upgrade its semiconductor industry through innovation does not represent a radical break with its deeply embedded statist tradition. Within these boundaries, however, the study detects important changes in the direction of a bottom-up, market-led approach to industrial policy. In response to the rising complexity and uncertainty of today's semiconductor industry, the government seems more open to experimentation with new approaches to investment finance and flexible, bottom-up policy implementation, based on multilayered industrial dialogues with private firms. China's policies to forge ahead in semiconductors, thus, provide an interesting example of its current efforts to move from investment-driven catching up to an innovation-driven development model.

It is impossible to know definitively the scale or scope of human trafficking. This unsettling uncertainty arises, in part, from the lack of robust, accurate, and standardized data related to human trafficking -- information that is critical to devising and implementing better policies to combat it. Policies and programs based on poor data will be equally poor in their effectiveness. The corrective impulse should focus not only on collecting more data, but better data. This data scarcity arises, in part, from the fact that those involved in human trafficking are inherently a hidden population. It is further challenged by insufficient institutionalization of the definition of human trafficking, corrupt practices linked to trafficking, and -- whether owing to a lack of resources or an unawareness of proper research methodologies -- the inability to properly gather and analyze such information. Though progress has been made, these challenges continue to confront ASEAN member states as they move later this year toward further economic consolidation and the adoption of the ASEAN Convention on Trafficking in Persons -- events that make regional collaboration and standardization on the issue of human trafficking all the more critical. In support of this process, this report is intended as a resource for both ASEAN and the international anti-trafficking community in aiming to (1) establish a foundation of approaches to estimating hidden populations, (2) survey the field of current global and local prevalence measure methods, (3) outline normative and technical achievements and challenges that may guide future data collection and analysis in Southeast Asia, and (4) offer policy recommendations to advance understanding of the scale and scope of human trafficking.

India, a leading exporter of information-technology services, faces a fundamental puzzle. Its electronics industry is struggling despite a huge and growing domestic market and pockets of world-class capabilities. Drawing on survey questionnaires and interviews with key private and public industry players and multinationals, this study examines how restrictive regulations and a largely dysfunctional implementation of past support policies have constrained investment in plants and equipment and technology absorption and innovation. Electronics manufacturing remains disconnected from India's chip-design capabilities which are integrated, instead, into global networks of innovation and production. India's growing domestic demand for electronic products results in rising imports of final products and high import-dependence for key components. Bold action is required to change the anemic growth of electronics manufacturing just when the global electronics industry is rapidly ending historical strategies for growth. To achieve its potential, electronics manufacturing in India must move beyond "high-volume, low-cost" activities, towards a greater focus on "low-volume, high-value" production and on frugal innovation for the domestic market. The government's National Policy on Electronics is a first step on this path, but it needs to be complemented by reforms relating to taxation, customs, compliance, and inspections. Equally important are efforts to enhance the strategic use of technical standards and smart approaches to international trade diplomacy.