Bøger udgivet af Elsevier Health Sciences

Osteomyelitis and Discitis of the Spine: A Guide for the Management of Infectious Etiology of the Vertebral Column and Neurological Components examines these spinal conditions and provides readers with the most appropriate management plans, including surgical treatment together with its indications. This book guides spine neurosurgeons and others when choosing the optimal surgical approach for their patients, shedding light on current advances in surgical techniques used in the management of vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis, particularly minimally invasive spine approaches. With authors representing diverse specialties, chapters reflect current clinical and surgical practice and discuss pathophysiology and pain management and rehabilitation. The book begins with related anatomy and extends to post-management rehabilitation and pain control, including a chapter dedicated to pediatric patients and their differing causative organisms, etiology, diagnostic modalities, and pathophysiology. This reference will provide increased awareness of potential spinal infection, facilitating multidisciplinary management plans, improving patient safety and outcomes, and enabling early intervention alternatives that improve patient outcomes and long-term quality of life.

Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume Three: 4D-Printed Robotic Materials, Sensors, and Actuators covers the principles, real-world use, and advances in the cutting-edge field of 4D printed smart robotic materials. It discusses the mechanics of these materials, techniques by which to manufacture them, and different applications. Detailed modeling and control techniques are outlined, illustrating their use in real-world settings. Shape memory polymers, hydrogels, shape memory alloys, biomaterials, natural fibers, dielectric elastomers, liquid crystal elastomers, electroactive polymers, and more materials are covered, featuring in-depth discussion of their responses to stimuli, fabrication, multi-physics modeling, control techniques, and applications.

Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Preparedness covers the causative agents, outbreaks, and clinical management of emerging and re-emerging viral hemorrhagic fevers. Coverage includes a range of topics from basic virology, epidemiology, and disease pathogenesis of emerging and re-emerging hemorrhagic fever viruses. The book examines host-virus interactions, immune pathogenesis, and recent trends in disease diagnostics. It also covers current state-of-the-art in understanding molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, the potential of molecular markers for disease prognostics, early prediction of disease outcome, advancements in diagnosis and drug development, and strategies in pandemic preparation, mitigation, and responses in public health security. With chapters written and compiled by a team of well-known virologists, clinicians as well as regulatory and public health experts. This book is a comprehensive guide that will help users understand the transmission, pathogenesis, and clinical management of emerging and re-emerging viruses causing hemorrhagic diseases.

Part of the superbly illustrated Operative Techniques series, Spine Surgery, 4th Edition, brings you up to speed with must-know surgical techniques in today’s technically demanding spine surgery. Step-by-step, evidence-based guidance walks you through both common and uncommon situations you’re likely to see in your practice, including trauma-related cases. Concise, detailed text accompanies the excellent visuals to provide a comprehensive, practical tool ideal for orthopaedic and neurosurgery residents, fellows, and practicing surgeons.Focuses on individual procedures, each presented in an easy-to-follow format for quick reference.Combines brief bulleted descriptions of surgical procedures with crisp, clear illustrative drawings and images, clinical pearls, and just the right amount of relevant science.Contains seven all-new chapters: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Lenke Classification and Surgical Indications; NOMS Framework: Approach to the Treatment of Spinal Metastatic Tumors; Antepsoas Approach for Lumbar Interbody Fusion; Robotically-Assisted Spinal Surgery: Setup and Workflow; Virtual Reality/ Augmented Reality in Spinal Surgery: Setup and Workflow; Endoscopic Discectomy and Foraminotomy; and Awake Spinal Surgery.Includes surgical videos available online that demonstrate how to perform state-of-the-art procedures.An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.

Based on the popular review course from Harvard Medical School’s teaching affiliate, the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, The Brigham Intensive Review of Internal Medicine, 4th Edition, provides in-depth coverage on all specialties of internal medicine, as well as palliative care, occupational medicine, psychiatry, and geriatric medicine. Ideal for preparing for certification or recertification, this highly regarded, authoritative review tool keeps you up to date with tremendous changes in the field, incorporating detailed discussions in every chapter, essential learning points, more than 600 review questions, numerous tables and figures, and more.Organizes 100+ chapters into 10 broad sections, with one additional section devoted to board simulation. Each chapter includes a section of multiple-choice questions.Shares the knowledge and expertise of leading authorities from senior faculty at Harvard Medical School, as well as former chief residents at Brigham and Women's Hospital, making this an excellent exam review tool as well as a general practice resource.Includes new chapters on Cancer Immunotherapy and Sedation Agitation Sleep Deprivation.Features a full-color design with clinical photos, line drawings and illustrations, radiographs, and algorithms throughout.Provides extensively revised information throughout, covering a broad range of the most common illnesses and diseases an internal medicine physician would expect to encounter in practice.Offers comprehensive coverage to reinforce existing knowledge for residents, physicians in internal medicine and family medicine, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners.Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.

Written and edited by global leaders in this challenging field, Rare and Interstitial Lung Diseases: Clinical Cases and Real-World Discussions brings you up to date with the latest advances in complex or rare lung diseases managed on outpatient or inpatient respiratory or critical care units. Using a unique, case-based approach, a wide variety of cases are presented along with perspectives from a multidisciplinary team of experts who discuss therapeutic choices and rationales. This real-world approach allows the reader to become a virtual attending physician, simulating a realistic clinical reasoning process on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with rare and complex lung diseases.Reflects a nuanced, multidisciplinary, evidence-based approach to diagnoses, treatment options, and follow-up criteria for complex and rare pulmonary disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease related to connective tissue diseases, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary vascular disease.Each case includes onset of symptoms, diagnostic/therapeutic path, and discussions on the clinical choices made in accordance with evidence-based medical procedures.Describes each clinical and laboratory finding and features 150 images, including plain film, procedural photos, ultrasound images, CT scans, and histopathology specimens.Includes the most recent updates to international guidelines (ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT) on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Covers the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with ILD other than IPF; the role of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in obtaining a tissue diagnosis in patients with undiagnosed ILD; and the indications of antifibrosant drugs.A practical and interactive resource for pulmonologists, as well as critical care and internal medicine practitioners and fellows, thoracic surgeons, and thoracic radiologists.Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. Additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.

Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins and Their Roles in Human Health and Disease: From Basic Science to Clinical Application presents the latest information on the contributions of different FABPs in physiology and pathophysiology, along with their importance in clinical outcomes. The book is divided into six main sections that cover FABP biology and their role in inflammation and diseases, such as cardiovascular, neurological, and liver diseases, to FABPs and their clinical applications. Each chapter thoroughly reviews current literature, primary research data and clinical cases, providing readers with an overview of the latest information in the expanded field of FABPs. This is an invaluable resource for both researchers and clinicians familiar with and those new to the exciting and everchanging world of fatty acid-binding proteins and clinical disorders.

Proteins: A Structural Biology Perspective explains how advances in modern physics fueled the birth of structural biology and modern molecular biology in the early to mid 20th century. Scientifically rigorous and deeply informed by the author’s own 60-year career as a structural biologist, the book provides historical and personal accounts of how two generations of renowned scientists doggedly pursued their research projects to arrive at milestone achievements, while also covering basic aspects of protein structures and their evolution with a special focus on molecules at the surface of cells and viruses. Since 1962, when only a single structure for myoglobin had been determined at atomic resolution, the rapidly evolving field has grown exponentially to fill protein structure databases (PDB) worldwide with hundred thousands of structures for basic research and medical advancement. From "What is a Wave?" to "What Is Life?", Proteins: A Structural Biology Perspective takes readers on a uniquely intimate journey through the past 100 years of protein science, while providing an up-to-the-minute assessment of successful structure prediction by AI models like AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold and where it’s all likely to lead. Outfitted with detailed illustrations and authoritative citations, this is a valuable resource for graduate students and young research scientists in biology and the medical sciences.

Vehicular Platoon System Design: Fundamentals and Robustness provides a comprehensive introduction to connected and automated vehicular platoon system design. Platoons decrease the distances between cars or trucks using electronic, and possibly mechanical, coupling. This capability allows many cars or trucks to accelerate or brake simultaneously. It also allows for a closer headway between vehicles by eliminating reacting distance needed for human reaction. The book considers the key issues of robustness and cybersecurity, with optimization-based model predictive control schemes applied to control vehicle platoon.In the controller design part, several practical problems, such as constraint handling, optimal control performance, robustness against disturbance, and resilience against cyberattacks are reviewed. In addition, the book provides detailed theoretical analysis of the stability of the platoon under different control schemes.

Paper-based Optical Chemosensors comprehensively discusses the origin, development, and current state-of-the-art in paper-based sensors. With a focus on the principles, classifications, methodology, design, and application of paper-based sensors, this book represents a developing research field with recent innovative applications resulting in a comprehensive presentation of the different physico-chemical techniques using paper sensors. It discloses underlying rules and factors in paper-based sensors and discusses intricate sensing systems and working environments by ways of chemistry and physics for a variety of application scenarios such as environmental protection, food safety, public safety, and clinical diagnosis. This is a valuable resource for researchers who major in analytical chemistry, or for those who are interested in the development of methods or devices for rapid analysis/monitoring based on paper/membrane-based sensors who wish to broaden their knowledge in the allied field.

Vertebrate Ichnology: Introduction, History, Methodology and Devonian-Neogene Tetrapod Tracks is a complete review and analysis of vertebrate trace fossils, including how vertebrate trace fossils inform our understanding of major evolutionary events. It covers all aspects of the vertebrate trace fossil record including tetrapod footprints, fish traces and other trails, burrows, nests and more. Each record is reviewed by prominent experts with extensive illustrations and can be used as a tool to solve problems of vertebrate biochronology and biogeography. Megabiases in the record are identified, and trace fossils applied to analysis and the understanding of major events in the evolutionary history of vertebrates. This is a useful daily reference for paleontologists and geologists; and teaching professors or other researchers working in trace fossils and related fields, including university and graduate students.

Recycling and Deinking of Recovered Paper, Second Edition covers recent advances in recycling technologies. This second edition examines this new process, which is more eco-friendly than the virgin-papermaking process, and which uses less energy and natural resources, produces less solid waste and fewer atmospheric emissions, and helps to preserve natural resources and landfill space. In addition, the most recent information about the recycling of fibers into various grades of paper and board, the control of stickies, and the effects of recycled fiber on paper machines are also covered. Recycling technologies have been improved in recent years due to advances in pulping, flotation deinking, and cleaning/screening, resulting in the quality of paper made from secondary fibers remarkably approaching that of virgin paper.

Low Dimensional Materials: Bridging the Fundamental Principles to Practice Applications provides an overview of research on low-dimensional materials, devices, and their applications. There are seven chapters in the book, starting from the basic quantum theory in chapter one, to the control and characterization of the unique structures (chapters two and four), to the relation of the physical and chemical properties with structures (chapter five), and to the practical and promising applications in energy, information, and health (chapter six), before conclusions and future outlook in chapter seven.

Artificial Intelligence in Future Mining explores the latest developments in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in mining and how it will impact the industry’s future. The application of data science and artificial intelligence in future mining involves using advanced technologies to optimize operations, improve decision-making, and enhance safety and sustainability in the industry. After a brief history of AI in mining, the book's editors look closely at different AI techniques used. Chapters explore ocean mining, brine mining, and urban mining. With an eye towards sustainability, the editors then review the future of wastewater mining and green mining.The book wraps up with chapters on safety and risk, resource planning, and a larger discussion of the opportunities and challenges of mining with AI in the future. This book is a must-have for researchers and professionals who find themselves at the intersection of mining, engineering, and data science.

Progress in Floating Photovoltaic Systems reflects the huge growth underway in floating photovoltaic systems, covering the latest technologies, new ideas, and practical solutions currently available in the sector in order to support further developments and implementation. The book begins by introducing floating PV, its potential, and its role as the third pillar of photovoltaics, alongside land and roof. This is followed by in-depth chapters detailing materials and design of structures, tracking systems, cooling, cleaning systems, snow load and evaporation, mooring systems, PV modules and uses, hydroelectric coupling, wind load and wave impact, and offshore solutions. The book's final chapters provide measurements of existing plants, economic and financial analysis, and detailed information on environmental impact and mitigation. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, R&D professionals, electrical engineers, power engineers and practitioners involved in photovoltaics, solar energy, and renewable energy.

Keynesian Behavioral Macroeconomics analyzes Keynes’s landmark contributions in behavioral economics and develops a new and fresh genre of macroeconomic analysis. It compels us to consider seriously the earlier-generation warnings about the impact of investors’ animal spirits and financiers’ liquidity-presence using cognitive-based and social psychology heuristics. Innovative in its subject matter, approach, theoretical development and policy prescriptions, this constructivist pluralist approach can contribute to important debates. This fresh look in macroeconomics can fruitfully be applied by macroeconomists, policymakers, and market participants to prevent effective demand shortages, stimulate the economy, preserve job creation, and impact redistribution, sustainability and social inclusion.In this timely book, Theodore Koutsobinas develops a synthesis of Keynes’s macroeconomic theory with contemporary developments in behavioral macroeconomics to analyze urgent real-world challenges, and he proposes successful solutions for macroeconomic policy. This volume uniquely explains how Keynes’s magnificent, crucial, but long-forgotten dynamics can be analyzed on the basis of behavioral foundations to explain amplified global finance cycles, booms and busts, and macroeconomic instability with harmful effects on incomes and jobs.

Wearable Textile Energy Storage and Conversion Systems brings together the latest research into wearable energy systems, functional materials, power generation, thermal management, integrated energy systems and storage, and novel smart devices in this rapidly developing and highly interdisciplinary area. The book begins by introducing development, classification, and configuration techniques for textile wearable energy storage and conversion systems. This is followed by detailed chapters that focus on individual types, covering in turn lithium-based batteries, sodium-Ion batteries, zinc-based batteries, other metal-based batteries, nanogenerators, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and solar cells. The book's final chapters discuss emerging applications, integration and large-scale production, key challenges, and future prospects. This is a valuable resource to all those with an interest in flexible energy storage and conversion techniques, flexible and functional electronics, materials synthesis and fabrication, smart textiles, and wearable technologies, including researchers, engineers, scientists, graduate students, and R&D personnel.

Feed additives (natural or synthetic) are formulations added to livestock rations to improve growth rates, reproductive and productive traits, feed efficiency, ruminal fermentation profiles, methane mitigation, digestion and absorption of nutrients, immunity, and overall health of the animal. Organic Feed Additives for Livestock will focus on the beneficial effects of organic feed additives and on food animals, including ruminants, poultry, fish, and more. It will also explore how these feed additives can benefit food animal production, reproduction, and health. Each chapter will cover the significance of an organic feed supplement, especially as an alternative to synthetic growth promoters, with topics including medicinal plants, cold pressed and essential oils, natural antioxidants, emulsifiers, acidifiers and organic acids, fibrolytic enzymes, organic minerals, probiotics, macro- and microalgae, organic nanoparticles, yeast and its derivatives, and bee pollen. Contributed by a range of livestock and aquaculture specialists from around the world, this book takes a holistic approach to explore how organic additives offer an efficient strategy to improve livestock productivity and health. This reference is an excellent resource for researchers and graduate students interested in animal agriculture, as well as veterinarians, animal nutritionists and breeders, and other livestock specialists. It will allow experts to stay up to date on organic options for livestock and serve as a starting point in generating new research ideas.

Drug Discovery Stories: From Bench to Bedside presents a collection of cases on the development of highly successful pharmaceuticals. It delves into the realm of drug discovery, exploring the structural biology and biological functions of the sought-after targets. The book covers the identification of promising compounds, their transformation from hits to leads through meticulous optimization, and the elucidation of how key compounds interact with the target (in essence, providing invaluable insights for drug design). Additionally, it covers essential information such as the pivotal biological and PK data of lead compounds, any noteworthy clinical results, and a comprehensive overview of other candidate compounds. The field of drug discovery and development has experienced rapid evolution, with numerous new drugs receiving approval each year. While several books have been published on this subject, there is a pressing need for a new book series that accurately reflects the current advancements in drug discovery. This book aims to not only cater to the drug discovery community but also engage other communities involved in chemical biology, synthetic chemistry, and pharmacology.

Air Pollution, Air Quality, and Climate Change offers a review of the latest advances and developments in the study of air pollution and air quality in the face of continuing climate change. The editors begin with a detailed review of air pollution and its sources, effects, and impacts. In-depth chapters follow on atmospheric chemistry, air pollution meteorology, and take a look at indoor and urban air quality. The editors then explore the connection between air quality and climate change, the effects of CO2 on air quality, and use of carbon capture and storage. Finally, the book closes with a discussion of environmental policy making as well as future considerations for air pollution, air quality, and climate change. This text is a timely and valuable reference for anyone working towards solutions to reduce air pollution, improve air quality, and lessen the effects of climate change.

Chemistry of Thermal and Non-Thermal Food Processing Technologies provides the latest information to the food science community about the chemistry of emerging food processing technologies, including the fundamentals, recent trends, chemistry aspects in terms of quality parameters, and microbial inactivation for each technology. Divided in 4 sections, the book focus on a range of emerging technologies, such as microwave processing of food, radio frequency processing, infrared processing, ohmic heating, drying technologies, ionizing radiation processing, among others. All chapters include the following common features: principle, scope and mechanisms; effect on macromolecules (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates); effect on bioactives (Vitamins, minerals, bioactive agents); chemistry of microbial inactivation; and degradation mechanisms.

Sustainable Analytical Techniques in Food Science covers the most relevant developments for the analytical evaluation and analysis of macro and micronutrients, contaminants, and microbiological studies as well as the approaches in food authentication, and characterization. With a focus on sustainability, this book provides a practical guide for researchers to adopt greener approaches for the study of food matrices including toxicity, safety and quality evaluations. It is an excellent guide for researchers working in the area of food sciences that want to assure the sustainability of the methodologies they are currently developing or applying in their laboratories.

The Ecology of Sandy Shores, Fourth Edition provides both a holistic and conceptual introduction for the beginner, yet at the same time gives an in-depth and cutting-edge analysis for the researcher interested in sandy shores. There is no other book covering the ecology of sandy beaches, despite the extent and economic importance of these systems. This guide is designed to both introduce students to the basic principles of sandy shore ecology, to serve as a ready reference for doctoral students and researchers working on these systems, and to provide a handbook for land and coastal managers.This new edition will focus on humans as part of the sandy beach environment, including aspects such as global change in coastal systems and its impacts on sandy littoral zones through ‘coastal squeeze’. Further, prominence will be given to resource use, such as artisanal fisheries and to the critical area of coastal zone management and governance. Considering these two main issues, the concept of sandy beaches as social-ecological systems will be developed together with an illustrative framework related to this approach.

Hybrid Nanofluids for Application in the Chemical and Petroleum Industry covers the basics of hybrid nanofluids in heat transfer processes as well as their applications in the chemical and petroleum industries. This book begins with a detailed overview of the thermo-physical and optical properties of hybrid nanofluids, before covering the application of the heat-transfer enhancement in heat exchangers, CO2 absorption/regeneration, and metal extraction/stripping operations. It also covers the applications of hybrid nanofluids and heat transfer enhancement in the petroleum industry, as well as recent advances and challenges involved in nanofluid applications in industrial processes. The detailed interrelation of nanofluids’ properties and performance enhancement mechanisms in the various chemical and petroleum processes are also reviewed. This book is written for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students and researchers in the fields of nanotechnology and chemical engineering, executive engineers, government workers in manufacturing, chemical and biomedical industry, or R&D laboratories working on nanotechnology and chemical processes.

Sustainable Goat Production in the Changing Climate aims to make the global scientific and academic communities aware of the potential of goats as a livestock of the future. When compared to more popular meat sources like cattle and swine, goats have a lower carbon footprint and can aid in mitigating the effects of climate change, as well as improving food production, poverty and equity issues. This book will discuss the implication of climate change on goat production systems and emphasize the physiological potential of goats to adapt in erratically changing climatic conditions. Furthermore, the book includes chapters on strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on goat production and highlights novel technologies used to assess the impact of heat stress in goats. Technology transfer strategies and policy-related issues will also be covered. Written and edited by an international team of experts on goats, livestock, animal agriculture, and climate-smart food systems, Sustainable Goat Production in the Changing Climate will appeal to a broad audience, from researchers, to livestock specialists, to veterinarians, to policy makers in food and sustainability.

Technological Pathways for Africa's Net-Zero Economy: Technology Solutions to Unlock Africa’s Sustainable Future explores the potential of African countries to transition towards a net-zero economy. It highlights sustainable development challenges and opportunities Africa faces and provides insights on technological pathways toward this goal. The book emphasizes the importance of harnessing renewable energy resources, promoting green innovation, and building resilient infrastructure for a sustainable future. It calls for strong policy frameworks and international collaboration to support African countries in their transition. The book outlines seven scenarios supporting Africa's technological paths to a net-zero economy: leapfrogging, hybridization, adaptation, decentralization, sustainable development, promotion, and finance.These scenarios aim to adopt innovative technologies and strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Investing in education and capacity-building programs is crucial for African countries to effectively implement sustainable energy solutions, so the book also highlights the role of education and awareness in fostering a culture of sustainability among African communities and empowering them to actively participate in climate action initiatives.

Carbohydrate Nutrition covers the nutritional functionality of foods needed to address the metabolic disease epidemic. The source and structure of carbohydrates, including starch, human milk oligosaccharides, polyols, arabinoxylan, beta-glucan, and cellulose are introduced, as is their function in the small intestine and colon. Nutrition researchers, food scientists, food chemists, and those studying and researching related topics will benefit from this book and can apply their learnings to the design of foods with better carbohydrate nutrition.

Evapotranspiration in Agro-Ecosystems and Forestry: Spatio-temporal Applications presents the progress and advances made in terms of science and application of evaporation, transpiration, and evapotranspiration for various vegetation surfaces, water bodies, and bare soil under different soil and crop management (including different irrigation and tillage management) conditions. Sections on forest and wetlands evapotranspiration and grassland evaporative losses are included, as are the fundamentals of original Penman, Penman-Monteith, Shuttleworth-Wallace and ASCE-EWRI and FAO56 Penman-Monteith equations and their derivatives. The book is an excellent resource to better understand the progression and applications and dynamics of most recent evapotranspiration, evaporation and transpiration measurement and modeling technologies. Case studies will be provided in terms of how different technologies are currently deployed, how data are used for providing information and management decisions to the users.

Nano-Engineering at Functional Interfaces for Multi-disciplinary Applications: Electrochemistry, Photoplasmonics, Antimicrobials, and Anticancer Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and latest advances of nano-engineering strategies for the design, development, and fabrication of novel nanostructures for different applications in the fields of photoplasmonics and electrochemistry, as well as antibacterial and anticancer research areas. The book begins with an introduction to the fundamentals and characteristics of nanostructured interfaces and their associated technologies, including an overview of their potential applications in different fields. The following chapters present a thorough discussion of the synthesis, processing, and characterization methods of nanomaterials with unique functionalities suitable for energy harvesting, food and textile applications, electrocatalysis, biomedical applications and more. It then concludes outlining research future directions and potential industrial applications.