Bøger udgivet af Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc

Offers a self-contained, tutorial-based introduction to quantum information, quantum computation, and quantum error-correction. Assuming no knowledge of quantum mechanics, this book gives all the essential principles needed to design and implement quantum electronic and photonic circuits.

Nanocellulose is a versatile material that has received much attention from scientists working in a broad range of application fields, such as automotive, composites, adsorbents, paints, coatings, medical implants, electronics, cosmetics, pulp and paper, tissue engineering, medical, packaging, and aerogels. Industrial Applications of Nanocellulose and Its Nanocomposites provides an extensive, up-to-date review of this fast-moving research field. The chapters cover a wide range of aspects, including synthesis, surface modification, and improvement of properties toward target applications. The main objectives of the book are to reflect on recent advancements in the design and fabrication of advanced nanocellulose and discuss important requirements for each application, as well as the challenges that might be faced. The book also includes an overview of the current economic perspectives and safety issues, as well as future directions for nanocellulose-based materials. It will serve as a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, environmental chemists, nanotechnologists, chemical engineers, polymer chemists, materials scientists, and all those working in the manufacturing industries. Comprehensively covers a broad range of industrial applications. Includes case studies on economic perspectives, safety issues, and advanced development of nanocellulose-based products. Discusses nanocellulose production from biological waste.

Advances on Alkali-activated Concrete, provides comprehensive information on materials, structural properties and realistic potential for the application of alkali-activated concretes and cements. Divided over seven key parts, including the design of alkali-activated concrete, their fabrication and curing, rheology, properties of alkali-activated concrete, durability, dynamic performance and LCA, the book will be an essential reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists, chemists, manufacturers and civil engineers working with alkali-activated materials and concrete structures. Provides an essential guide on the latest developments in alkali-activated concrete Comprehensively examines alkali-activated concrete performance under cyclic loading Includes concrete systems containing coarser aggregates Presents several important cases studies of application

Polymeric Biomaterials for Healthcare Applications details a broad range of polymeric biomaterials, methods of synthesis and preparation, and their various applications in healthcare and biomedicine. The book provides a fundamental overview of polymers and processing technologies to allow clinical scientists to explore the use of these polymers in alternative applications. A wide variety of healthcare applications are covered, including treatment for autoimmune diseases and bacterial infections, tissue engineering, gene delivery, wound dressing, and more. The book provides a core introductory text for clinical and materials scientists new to the area of polymeric biomaterials. This book will prove useful to academics and researchers in materials science, biomedical engineering, clinical science and pharmaceutical science. Covers a broad range of polymeric biomaterials, including chitosan, alginate, cellulose, collagen, synthetic conjugates, and more Details a wide variety of healthcare applications for polymeric biomaterials, such as orthopedic engineering, antibiotics, targeted drug delivery, and more Provides a detailed overview of polymer processing technologies and sterilization considerations

Over the past few years, concrete technology has advanced quite dramatically thanks to the use of a great variety of additives and admixtures, which have paved the way for the effective development of new-generation concrete mixtures. Among these additives and admixtures, nanomaterials used in construction materials such as paste, mortar, and concrete mixtures have become very popular recently. Much of the previous attention in regard to the utilization of nanomaterials in construction materials was specifically devoted to the characterization of their fresh-state, hydration, microstructure, pore structure, mechanical, transport, and durability properties. However, research into the tailoring of multi-functional properties of construction materials (especially cementitious) with the use of nanomaterials is still in its infancy. Recent Advances in Nano-Tailored Multi-Functional Cementitious Composites aims to capture recent major scientific advances and the current state of the art in multi-functional cementitious composites developed with nanomaterials. The book will provide researchers, engineers, and other stakeholders with an insight into future directions of multi-functional capabilities of cementitious composites. Chapters focus on the large-scale development, characterization, and application of multi-functional cementitious composites addressing the following topics: nano-modified concrete; strain-hardening cementitious composites; self-sensing concrete; self-healing and bacteria-based concrete; self-cleaning concrete; self-consolidating concrete; material/construction technology for 3D printing; thermal insulation capability; green concretes including geopolymer concrete; nanoscale characterization methods; low CO2 reactive magnesia cements; and future developments and challenges of nano-tailored cementitious composites. The book will be an essential reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists, and civil engineers working on the development and application of nano-tailored multi-functional cementitious composites. Provides very comprehensive and unique details about multi-functional properties of cementitious composites. Presents a detailed account of investigations conducted into the application of nanomaterials and nanoscale tailoring to achieve multi-functional properties for cementitious composites. Features state-of-the-art preparation, production, processing, and implementation techniques of nanoscale tailoring of multi-functional cementitious composites starting from laboratory to large scale.

Viruses, Bacteria and Fungi in the Built Environment: Designing Healthy Indoor Environments opens with a brief introduction to viruses, bacteria and fungi in the built environment and discusses their impact on human health. Sections discuss the microbiology of building materials, the airborne transmission of viruses and bacteria in the built environment, and plumbing-associated microbiome. As the first book on this important area to be written in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, this work will be a valuable reference resource for researchers, civil engineers, architects, postgraduate students, contractors and other professionals working and interested in the field of the built environment. Elements of building design, including choice of materials, ventilation and plumbing can have important implications for the microbiology of a building, and consequently, the health of the building''s occupants. This important new reference work explains the microbiology of buildings and disease control in the built environment to those who design and implement new construction and renovate. Provides an essential guide on the microbiology of buildings, covering bacteria, fungi and viruses on surfaces, in air and in water Comprehensively examines how humidity influences fungal growth in several building materials Includes important information about the airborne transmission of infectious agents Addresses ventilation design to improve human health Presents the first book on disease control in buildings since the COVID-19 pandemic

Advances in the Toxicity of Construction and Building Materials presents the potential and toxic effects of building materials on human health, along with tactics on how to minimize exposure. Chapters are divided into four sections covering the toxicity of indoor environments, fire toxicity, radioactive materials, and toxicity from plastics, metals, asbestos, nanoparticles and construction wastes. Key chapters focus on the reduction of chemical emissions in houses with eco-labelled building materials and potential risks posed by indoor pollutants that may include volatile organic compounds (VOC), formaldehyde, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), radon, NOx, asbestos and nanoparticles. Known illnesses and reactions that can be triggered by these toxic building materials include asthma, itchiness, burning eyes, skin irritations or rashes, nose and throat irritation, nausea, headaches, dizziness, fatigue, reproductive impairment, disruption of the endocrine system, impaired child development and birth defects, immune system suppression, and even cancer. Provides an essential guide to the potential toxic effects of building materials on human health Comprehensively examines materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds Presents coverage on fire toxicity and an evaluation of the radioactivity of building materials Includes several cases studies throughout and addresses current international standards

Groundwater Contamination in Coastal Aquifers: Assessment and Management first describes groundwater contamination in coastal aquifers and then delves into specific topics surrounding various hydrogeochemical processes. Next, the book covers case studies of groundwater quality assessment using recent techniques, explains the various pollutants and contaminants in coastal aquifers, and covers management and remediation methods to control contamination in coastal aquifers. This key reference encompasses various topics in broader perspectives on groundwater contamination in coastal aquifers, providing a significant contribution to the field of hydrogeology. Presents global case studies that show the reader how this issue is affecting sites around the world Includes a remediation plan that solves problems surrounding the management of groundwater, water treatment techniques, and the management of available groundwater resources Provides advanced techniques that can be applied and used as methodologies for solving groundwater issues

The Role of Phytonutrients in Metabolic Disorders provides the information readers need to conduct research on phytonutrients in metabolic disorders. The book presents the treatment of metabolic diseases using phytonutrients, the key regulatory mechanisms of phytonutrients in metabolic pathways, and evaluates phytonutrients as a source of new drug candidate molecules. The book compiles and evaluates the very latest findings and therapeutic developments in the management of various metabolic disorders, their underlying mechanisms, and the clinical potential and limitations of phytonutrients. Thirteen chapters illustrate the therapeutic potential of phytonutrients in the management of various metabolic disorders through the regulation of signaling pathways.

Deep Learning for Medical Applications with Unique Data informs readers about the most recent deep learning-based medical applications in which only unique data gathered in real cases are used. The book provides examples of how deep learning can be used in different problem areas and frameworks in both clinical and research settings, including medical image analysis, medical image registration, time series analysis, medical data synthesis, drug discovery, and pre-processing operations. The volume discusses not only positive findings, but also negative ones obtained by deep learning techniques, including the use of newly developed deep learning techniques rarely reported in the existing literature. The book excludes research works with ready data sets and includes only unique data use to better understand the state of deep learning in real-world cases, along with the feedback and user experiences from physicians and medical staff for applied deep learning-based solutions. Other applications presented in the book include hybrid solutions with deep learning support, disease diagnosis with deep learning focusing on rare diseases and cancer, patient care and treatment, genomics research, as well as research on robotics and autonomous systems. Introduces deep learning, demonstrating concepts for a wide variety of medical applications using unique data, excluding research with ready datasets Encompasses a wide variety of biomedical applications, including unsupervised learning, natural language processing, pattern recognition, image and video processing and disease diagnosis Provides a robust set of methods that will help readers appropriately and judiciously use the most suitable deep learning techniques for their applications

Analysis of Flame Retardancy in Polymer Science is a scientific/practical book that is conceptualized, designed, and written for students, early-career researchers, and junior engineers to explain the basic principles of fire analysis/characterization methods/methodologies, from flammability, ignition, and fire spread to forced convection and related analyses and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying flame retardancy in both gas and condensed phases followed by correlation between laboratory- and real-scale fire analyses as well as fire analysis from an industrial standpoint. This book is also an indispensable resource for identifying and mounting the latest achievements in fire analysis/characterization methods to frame the effects of fire evaluation strategies to be utilized for research and development. The book also gives a broad description of fire analysis related to different standards and regulations for different applications in different geographic zones. Includes the background, fundamental, and modern features of techniques of characterization of fire and flame behavior Provides an overview of the major techniques used in fire analysis of flame-retardant polymers Characterizes different types of materials at small, bench, and real-life scale Offers a comprehensive overview of fire behavior and testing and associated toxicity issues Integrates the scientific, technical, standard, regulation, and industrial aspects of fire analysis into a book for future developments in the field

Nanoremediation: Modern Technologies for Treatment of Environmental Pollutants is a comprehensive reference that highlights established nano-remediation practices, discusses their rapidly emerging applications in industry, and points out future research directions. The book provides researchers and scientists in academia and industry with a high-tech start-up that will revolutionize modern remediation practices. It condenses all relevant information on nano-remediation and provides an amalgamation of the latest trends in the field. In addition, the book handles the design and modeling of nano-remediation processes and the trends and challenges that nano-remediation is facing in various sectors. Special attention is given to approaches that lead to green and sustainable industrial developments, as well as to the legal, economical and toxicity aspects of nano-remediation.

High Pressure Thermal Processing provides a detailed understanding on the technology itself, what it can be used for, and the benefits of the technology over conventional processing. From an academic perspective, all sections clearly outline the intricacies of the technology, new applications (other than for spore inactivation) and how technology related process variables impact on food, quality attributes, textures, safety, and chemical aspects, etc. From a manufacturer perspective, throughout the product development stage and the actual commercial implementation, the book content will assist users greatly in doing this efficiently and safely.Within a single reference book, this book reaches researchers in academia who face the challenge to drive the science and assist the manufacturers to commercialize these new technologies. It is also ideal for regulators around the world who need to assess these new technologies and implement guidelines for manufacturers.

Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volume 72 covers the synthesis or testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting-edge accounts on fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of bioactive natural products. Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, it has become possible to isolate and then rapidly determine the structures and biological activity of natural products, hence the importance of this book. Focuses on the chemistry of bioactive natural products Contains contributions by leading authorities in the field Presents sources of new pharmacophores

Adaptive Phytoremediation Practices: Resilience to Climate Change discusses current phytoremediation practices under an ever-pressing need for environmental remediation due to increasing pollution in a changing climate. Phytoremediation is increasingly relevant due to plants'' high effectiveness and sustainability during remediation and the ability of potential phytoremediation plants to adapt to changes in climate. Changing climatic conditions cause various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants and thereby negatively affect a plant''s establishment, growth, and yield. Therefore, the integration of suitable climate-resilient plants and adaptive remedial practices along with proper agro-biotechnological interventions is of paramount importance to mitigate the rapidly growing pollution. This book is an important reference for environmental scientists, particularly those working in pollution management and remediation, forming an up-to-date collection of phytoremediation practices that provide sustainable solutions as a holistic approach for carrying out phytoremediation under changing climatic conditions. Provides up-to-date research and understanding on how to design, refine, and implement adaptive phytoremediation practices Focuses on enhancing resilience in plants toward climate change and explanations of the characteristics of resilient plants for adaptive phytoremediation practices in a changing climate Presents methods and solutions for adapting phytoremediation practices to climate change

Deep Learning in Bioinformatics: Techniques and Applications in Practice introduces the topic in an easy-to-understand way, exploring how it can be utilized for addressing important problems in bioinformatics, including drug discovery, de novo molecular design, sequence analysis, protein structure prediction, gene expression regulation, protein classification, biomedical image processing and diagnosis, biomolecule interaction prediction, and in systems biology. The book also presents theoretical and practical successes of deep learning in bioinformatics, pointing out problems and suggesting future research directions. Dr. Izadkhah provides valuable insights and will help researchers use deep learning techniques in their biological and bioinformatics studies. Introduces deep learning in an easy-to-understand way Presents how deep learning can be utilized for addressing some important problems in bioinformatics Presents the state-of-the-art algorithms in deep learning and bioinformatics Introduces deep learning libraries in bioinformatics

Plant Regeneration from Seeds: A Global Warming Perspective comprehensively reviews the effects caused by climate change on global plant regeneration, growth and seed germination. Initial chapters discuss specific geographical regions such as steppes, the artic, boreal and alpine zones, dry and tropical forests and deserts. Subsequent chapters explore special seed-related topics like fire, soil seed banks, crops, weed emergence, and invasive species Written by leaders in the field of seed germination and plant growth, this is an essential read for researchers and academics interested in plant growth, plant regeneration, seed germination and the effects of these in relation to climate change.

Low-Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting: Advances in Thermoelectrics, Materials, and Emerging Applications provides readers with fundamental and key concepts surrounding low-grade thermal energy conversion while also reviewing the latest research directions. The book covers the most promising and emerging technologies for low-grade heat recovery, harvesting and conversion, including wearable thermoelectrics and organic thermoelectrics. Each chapter includes key materials, principles, design and fabrication strategies for low-grade heat recovery. Special attention on emerging materials such as organic composites, 2D materials and nanomaterials are also included. The book emphasizes materials and device structures that enable the powering of wearable electronics and consumer electronics. The book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia and R&D in manufacturing, industry, energy and electronics. Introduces key concepts and fundamental principles of low-grade thermal energy harvesting, storage and conversion Provides an overview on key materials, design principles and fabrication strategies for devices for low energy harvesting applications Focuses on materials and device designs that enable wearable thermoelectrics and flexible electronics applications

Nanotherapeutics in Cancer Vaccination and Challenges consolidates the current research on cancer nanomedicine and therapeutic cancer vaccination to explore the most effective and promising avenues. The book covers cancer vaccines before exploring nanotherapeutics, DNA and mRNA vaccines in cancer treatment. Finally, it considers regulatory and industrial perspectives on cancer vaccination and nanotherapeutics. This resource will be useful for pharmaceutical scientists and researchers focused on biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, vaccine development, and cancer immunotherapy, along with advanced students in these subjects. Cancer is arguably the most complex and challenging disease known to mankind. Over the last two-decades, significant advancements have been made in new and novel concepts of cancer nanomedicines. Therapeutic cancer vaccines may be utilized to inhibit further growth of advanced cancers and/or relapsed tumors that are refractory to conventional therapies, such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Presents the progress made in cancer medicines from conventional to targeted therapy Covers the present state-of-the-art of cancer nanomedicines and upcoming therapeutic cancer vaccination Contains a focus on advanced nanomaterials that are utilized for encapsulation of nucleic acid, mRNA, DNA, siRNA

Recent Advances and Controversies in Gamma Knife Neurosurgery, Volume 270, the latest release in the Progress in Brain Research series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on the latest in Dosimetry, Radiobiology, Evolving Gamma Knife Technology, Imaging, Arteriovenous Malformations, Dural A-V Fistulae, Cavernous Malformations, Vestibular Schwannoma, Other Schwannoma, Meningiomas, Pituitary Adenomas, Craniopharyngiomas, Metastases, Glioma Low Grade, Glioma High Grade, Glomus Tumors, Less Common Tumors, Orbital Indications, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Epilepsy, Movement, Psychosurgery, and Future Trends. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in Progress in Brain Research serials Updated release includes the latest information on Recent Advances and Controversies in Gamma Knife Neurosurgery

Micro and Nano Thermal Transport Research: Characterization, Measurement and Mechanism is a complete and reliable reference on thermal measurement methods and mechanisms of micro and nanoscale materials. The book has a strong focus on applications and simulation, providing clear guidance on how to measure thermal properties in a systematic way. Sections cover the fundamentals of thermal properties before introducing tools to help readers identify and analyze thermal characteristics of these materials. The thermal transport properties are then further explored by means of simulation which reflect the internal mechanisms used to generate such thermal properties. Readers will gain a clear understanding of thermophysical measurement methods and the representative thermal transport characteristics of micro/nanoscale materials with different structures and are guided through a decision-making process to choose the most effective method to master thermal analysis. The book is particularly suitable for those engaged in the design and development of thermal property measurement instruments, as well as researchers of thermal transport at the micro and nanoscale. Includes a variety of measurement methods and thermal transport characteristics of micro and nanoscale materials under different structures Guides the reader through the decision-making process to ensure the best thermal analysis method is selected for their setting Contains experiments and simulations throughout that help apply understanding to practice

Handbook of Microbial Nanotechnology is a collection of the most recent scientific advancements in the fundamental application of microbial nanotechnology across various sectors. This comprehensive handbook highlights the vast subject areas of microbial nanotechnology and its potential applications in food, pharmacology, water, environmental remediation, etc. This book will serve as an excellent reference handbook for researchers and students in the food sciences, materials sciences, biotechnology, microbiology and in the pharmaceutical fields.Microbial nanotechnology is taking part in creating development and innovation in various sectors. Despite the participation of microbial nanotechnology in modern development, there are some hindrances. The lack of information, the possibility of adverse impacts on the environment, human health, safety and sustainability are still a challenge. This handbook addresses these challenges. Offers up-to-date, scientific information on the integration of microbiology and nanotechnology Explores how nanotechnology can improve the detection of trace chemical contaminants, viruses and bacteria in food and other industry applications Provides readers with a fundamental understanding of microbial nanotechnology and its challenges Includes real-time applications with case studies to illustrate how microbial nanotechnology influences modern sciences and technologies

Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Recording, Reconstruction and Assessment gives a detailed overview of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), along with its applications and challenges. The book explores the abnormalities in internal human organs using MRI techniques while also featuring case studies that illustrate measures used. In addition, it explores precautionary measures used during MRI based imaging, the selection of appropriate contrast agents, and the selection of the appropriate modality during the image registration. Sections introduce medical imaging, the use of MRI in brain, cardiac, lung and kidney detection, and also discuss both 2D and 3D imaging techniques and various MRI modalities. This volume will be of interest to researchers, engineers and medical professionals involved in the development and use of MRI systems. Discusses challenges and issues faced, as well as safety precautions to be followed Features case studies with benchmark MRIs existing in the literature Introduces computer-based assessment (Machine Learning and Deep Learning) of the MRI based on its 2D slices