Bøger udgivet af Elsevier Science

Fractional Difference, Differential Equations, and Inclusions: Analysis and Stability is devoted to the existence and stability (Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability and asymptotic stability) of solutions for several classes of functional fractional difference equations and inclusions. Covered equations include delay effects of finite, infinite, or state-dependent nature, and tools used to establish the existence results for the proposed problems include fixed point theorems, densifiability techniques, monotone iterative technique, notions of Ulam stability, attractivity and the measure of non-compactness, as well as the measure of weak noncompactness. The tools of fractional calculus are found to be of great utility in improving the mathematical modeling of many natural phenomena and processes occurring in the areas of engineering, social, natural, and biomedical sciences. All abstract results in the book are illustrated by examples in applied mathematics, engineering, biomedical, and other applied sciences.

Bioconjugated Materials Part 2, Volume 103 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on bioconjugated materials. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.

Soft Particles, Volume 62 in the Advances in Chemical Engineering series, highlights advances in the field, with this new volume covering an Introduction to soft particles: state-of-the-art and perspectives, Synthesis of microgels and nanogels via covalent cross-linking strategies, Design and modelling of sub-micron particles via innovative precipitation and self-assembly, Smart functionalization of polymers and particles: an overview of the chemical strategies, Nanomechanical properties of soft particles, Dynamics and rheology of soft particles, Degradable aqueous polymer dispersions, Food-biopolymers for nanogel fabrication, Nanoparticles, nanofibrils and tissues in cosmetic dermatology, Advanced approaches in cancer therapy via administration of polymer-based particles, and more.

Inherently Safer Design, Volume Seven in this ongoing series, highlights new advances in chemical engineering, with interesting chapters that provide an Introduction to Inherently Safer Design (ISD), ISD Fundamentals, History of ISD, ISD Life Cycle Considerations, ISD Indices, ISD and Human Factors, Conceptual and Practical Applications of ISD, Challenges to ISD Application, ISD Regulatory Requirements, ISD Case Studies, Risk-based ISD, ISD and Digitalization. ISD and Inherently Safer Operation (ISO), and the Future of ISD.

International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, Volume 64 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors.

Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 110, presents the latest release in a series that has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists interested in new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy.

Advances in Virus Research, Volume 117, the latest release in a series that highlights new advances in the field, includes invaluable updates written by an international board of authors. Chapters in this new release include Pathogenesis of neuroinvasive flaviviruses, Cellular entry and egress of astroviruses, Rift Valley Fever virus entry and infection, and more.

Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, Volume 57 presents the latest reviews of recent work in physical organic chemistry, providing a valuable source of information that is ideal not only for physical organic chemists applying their expertise to both novel and traditional problems, but also for non-specialists across diverse areas who identify a physical organic component in their approach to research. The book's hallmark is its quantitative, molecular level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines.

Advances in Heat Transfer, Volume 56, presents the latest in a serial that highlights new advances in the field, with this updated volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors.

Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, Volume Eight highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapter on important topics such as Food Security, Diversification, and Inequality: Indonesia in the Era of Economic Recovery and High Price Trends, Oil Palm Cultivation and the Impact of Climate Change in Malaysia: A Systematic Review, Food Loss and Waste in Nigeria: Implications for Food Security and Environmental Sustainability, and the Role of different stakeholders and their relative importance in managing disaster.

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research provides updated knowledge about nutrients in foods and how to avoid their deficiency, especially for those essential nutrients that should be present in the diet to reduce disease risk and optimise health. The series provides the latest advances on the identification and characterisation of emerging bioactive compounds with putative health benefits, as well as up-to-date information on food science, including raw materials, production, processing, distribution and consumption, always having in mind its nutritional benefits and health effects. Contains contributions that have been carefully selected based on their vast experience and expertise on the subject Includes updated, in-depth, and critical discussions of available information, giving the reader a unique opportunity to learn Encompasses a broad view of the topics at hand

Advances in Clinical Chemistry, Volume 117, the latest installment in this internationally acclaimed series, contains chapters authored by world-renowned clinical laboratory scientists, physicians and research scientists.

The Biology of Ageing: From Hallmarks to Drugs provides a series of reviews covering multiple aspects of the translational pipeline as interventions in the biology of ageing itself become a clinical reality. New chapters cover Cellular senescence and NAD+: what are the links?, Biomarker for ageing: potential and pitfalls, What chemists offer to ageing research, You are what you eat - or are you? Exploring dietary versus topical anti-oxidants in skin ageing, Clinical trials: A simple guide for gerontologists, Towards an ethical framework for geroscience, and more. The book explores links between known ageing mechanisms and new interventions, agents and actions at the nutraceutical-drug divide, the challenges and opportunities provided by biomarkers and chemistry- biology interface and lastly the ethical and operational challenges of clinical trials in the age of translational geroscience.

Biocatalysis in Asymmetric Synthesis, a new volume in the Foundations and Frontiers of Enzymology series, offers an applied discussion on synthesizing biological catalysts using asymmetric synthesis for varying applications. Here, global experts in the field analyze a wide variety of biocatalysts and their physical states, process conditions for their asymmetric synthesis, solvents required during synthesis, and even downstream procedures for the recovery of final products. The book adopts an interdisciplinary approach, merging fundamental biology and its synthetic applications across industries with a wide range of practical examples, from directed evolution to biotransformation and production of novel enzymes and non-conventional catalysts. Throughout the book, the impact and application of biocatalysis in sustainable processing is considered in-depth. This book will also help non-experts in biocatalysis to apply this knowledge in their own research, providing a thorough overview of the ways asymmetric biocatalytic approaches may be adapted for different disciplines and downstream products.

Nutrition in the Control of Inflammation: Emerging Roles for the Microbiome and Epigenome offers a comprehensive overview on how our diet promotes or attenuates inflammation to regulate inflammatory diseases. Broken into five sections, this book presents an introduction to the microbiome and epigenome in nutrition, subsequently covering diet, lifestyle, and the microbiome in the development of inflammatory diseases, nutrition and the epigenome in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, diet, epigenetics, and microbiome. This book also addresses health-disparities in diet, epigenetics, and gut microbes. It will be of interest to nutrition researchers, nutritionists, and postgraduate students, as well as others working in, studying, and researching related fields.

Probability and Statistics for Physical Sciences, Second Edition is an accessible guide to commonly used concepts and methods in statistical analysis used in the physical sciences. This brief yet systematic introduction explains the origin of key techniques, providing mathematical background and useful formulas. The text does not assume any background in statistics and is appropriate for a wide-variety of readers, from first-year undergraduate students to working scientists across many disciplines.

Application of Emerging Technologies and Strategies to Extract Bioactive Compounds, Volume Three in the Developments in Food Quality and Safety series, is the most up-to-date resource covering trend topics such as advances in the analysis of toxic compounds and control of food poisoning, food fraud, traceability and authenticity, revalorization of agrifood industry, natural antimicrobial compounds and application to improve the preservation of food, non-thermal processing technologies in the food industry, nanotechnology in food production, and Intelligent packaging and sensors for food applications. Chapters in this release explore the latest developments in the application of each technology, such as ultrasound, microwave, high-pressure, pulsed electric fields, ohmic, uv and ir heating, extrusion, and solar energy assisted extractions, along with membrane technologies and alternative solvents for green extraction. The series is edited by Dr. José Manuel Lorenzo and authored by a team of global experts in the field.

Improving Stress Resilience in Plants: Physiological and Biochemical Basis and Utilization in Breeding addresses the urgent need for improved understanding of major plant stress tolerance mechanisms, the identification of the genes, and gene products that are key to improving those mechanisms and means of optimizing those genes through molecular approaches. With a focus on plant physiological and biochemical attributes at both cellular and whole plant levels, this book includes the latest information on crosstalk between the various signaling molecules and quantitative trait locus (QTL). Further, it explores the extension of these mechanisms to breeding approaches, confirming overall understanding and inspiring further research. Written by a team of global experts, and presented in three thematic sections, the book provides insights into physical adaptations, metabolism and pathways, and breeding techniques including CRISPR and conventional approaches to reduce the negative effects of stresses and improve crop yield even under stress conditions. It is an ideal resource for researchers, academics and advanced students seeking to improve stress tolerance among crop plants and developing key future strategies for sustainable food production.

Ion Channels in Cancer, Volume 92 in the Current Topics in Membranes series, highlights advances in the field, including chapters on the Interplay of calcium and potassium signals in cell cycle and cancer, Non-conducting functions of ion channels in cancer and neurological disease, Sodium channels and progression of solid tumors, The Elusive Nav1.7: From Pain to Cancer, Signaling Pathways in cancer: Channels Interactome as a novel therapeutic target, Ion channels in cancer drugs resistance, CLIC1: A potential therapeutic target for malignant glioma, Beyond the Building Blocks: Amino Acids as modulators of ion channels and transporters, and Activation of potassium channels unveils tumor vulnerability.

Transfer Printing Technologies and Applications is a complete guide to transfer printing techniques and their cutting-edge applications. Sections in the book explore the fundamentals behind these technologies, along with state-of-the-art applications enabled by transfer printing techniques, including areas such as flexible sensors, flexible transistors, wearable devices, thin film-based energy systems, flexible displays, microLED-based displays, metal films, and more. A concluding chapter addresses current challenges and future opportunities in this innovative field. This book will be of interest to researchers and advanced students across nanotechnology, materials science, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemistry, and biomedicine, as well as scientists, engineers, R&D professionals, and more.

Cellular Agriculture: Technology, Society, Sustainability and Science provides a state-of-the-art review of cellular agriculture technologies. From cell selection to scaffolding and everything in-between, this book contains chapters authored by leading cellular agriculture researchers and product developers across the world. Driven by consumer desire for sustainable food production, animal welfare improvements, and better human health, companies around the world are racing to engineer alternative protein products with the best flavour, appearance, and texture. A major challenge many of these early-stage companies struggle with is having the foundational science and technical knowledge to start their journey in this emerging industry. This text provides detailed information on the current state of the science and technology of cellular agriculture. It combines the social aspects that need to be considered to create a level playing field to give each emerging idea the best chance at realizing the ultimate vision of cellular agriculture: satisfying the demand for protein around the world in a way that is better for humans, animals, and the planet. This is the first resource of its kind to take a practical approach to review the design, feasibility, and implementation of cellular agriculture techniques. With additional chapters on life cycle analyses and ideal transition scenarios, this book provides a resource for aspiring technology developers and academics alike, seeking evidence-based assessments of the industry and its disruptive potential.

New Horizons in Modern Catalysis: Six Different Perspectives, Volume 72 in the Advances in Catalysis series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Carbanion-functionalized phosphines: New design elements for catalyst development, Molecular Electrocatalysts for Organic Electrosynthesis, Mechanistic aspects of secondary sphere modification in organocatalysis, Earth-Abundant Transition Metal-Catalyzed reactions with Iodine(III) reagents: from catalysis to mechanistic studies, Design of metal nanoparticles for better performance in catalysis, and Computational design of industrially relevant enzymes.

Ionizing Radiation and the Immune Response, Part B, Volume 378 reviews the latest knowledge on the immune response induced by ionizing radiations. Specific chapters in this new release include NK functions in radio-induced immune response, TRT and immune response, Radio-induced immune response and lipid metabolism, Effect of protons and heavy ions on immune response, Effect of flash therapy and mini beam on immune response, Radio-induced lymphopenia, CT to potentiate radio-induced immune response, Impact of RT on healthy tissues (inflammation), Radio-induced macrophagic response, To use nanoparticles and ionizing radiations to modulate immune response: opinion of the chemist, biologist and clinician, and much more. Other sections cover the Role of Dendritic cells in radiation-induced immune response, the Relationship between the tumor microenvironment and the efficacy of the radiotherapy/immunotherapy combination, and Biomarkers of radiation induced response to optimize radio-immunotherapy combination.

Intelligent Computing Techniques in Biomedical Imaging: Methods, Case Studies, and Applications provides comprehensive and state-of-the-art applications of Computational Intelligence techniques used in biomedical image analysis for disease detection and diagnosis. The book offers readers a stepwise approach from fundamental to advanced techniques using real-life medical examples and tutorials. The editors have divided the book into five sections, from prerequisites to case studies. Section I presents the prerequisites, where the reader will find fundamental concepts needed for advanced topics covered later in this book. This primarily includes a thorough introduction to Artificial Intelligence, probability theory and statistical learning. The second section covers Computational Intelligence methods for medical image acquisition and pre-processing for biomedical images. In this section, readers will find AI applied to conventional and advanced biomedical imaging modalities such as X-rays, CT scan, MRI, Mammography, Ultrasound, MR Spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Ultrasound Elastography, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Functional MRI, Hybrid Modalities, as well as pre-processing topics such as medical image enhancement, segmentation, and compression. Section III covers description and representation of medical images. Here the reader will find various categories of features and their relevance in different medical imaging tasks. This section also discusses feature selection techniques based on filter method, wrapper method, embedded method, and more. The fourth section covers Computational Intelligence techniques used for medical image classification, including Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, Nearest Neighbor Classifiers, Random Forest, clustering, extreme learning, Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Networks. This section also includes a discussion of computer aided diagnosis and performance evaluation in radiology. The final section of Intelligent Computing Techniques in Biomedical Imaging provides readers with a wealth of real-world Case Studies for Computational Intelligence techniques in applications such as neuro-developmental disorders, brain tumor detection, breast cancer detection, bone fracture detection, pulmonary imaging, thyroid disorders, imaging technologies in dentistry, diagnosis of ocular diseases, cardiovascular imaging, and multimodal imaging.

Putting AI in the Critical Loop: Assured Trust and Autonomy in Human-Machine Teams takes on the primary challenges of bidirectional trust and performance of autonomous systems, providing readers with a review of the latest literature, the science of autonomy, and a clear path towards the autonomy of human-machine teams and systems. Throughout this book, the intersecting themes of collective intelligence, bidirectional trust, and continual assurance form the challenging and extraordinarily interesting themes which will help lay the groundwork for the audience to not only bridge knowledge gaps, but also to advance this science to develop better solutions. The distinctively different characteristics and features of humans and machines are likely why they have the potential to work well together, overcoming each other's weaknesses through cooperation, synergy, and interdependence which forms a "collective intelligence.? Trust is bidirectional and two-sided; humans need to trust AI technology, but future AI technology may also need to trust humans.

Food Waste Valorization: Emerging Trends, Techno-economic and Environmental Considerations covers bioactive extraction, therapeutic properties and environmental concerns related to food waste conversion to value-added products, along with advanced technological breakthroughs in the field. The book also provides concepts and theories on several facets of agro-food waste valorization and its by-products, as well as opportunities and challenges. Each chapter contains viewpoints from different fields of research such as Basic Science, Agriculture, Food Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Science, and more, with each having a unique approach to food waste valorization as it relates to their field. This is an invaluable resource for research and development professionals in post-harvest processing and renewable energy industries, as well as the academicians.

The Potential of Microbes for a Circular Economy provides an understanding of the role of microbes in a circular economy (CE). The book covers the development of effective bio-based formulations for field applications and describes the basic principles and applications, the important role of microorganisms, and new insights into a sustainable ecosystem for the circular economy. In addition, it compiles the latest advancement in the field of CE by covering microbes and microbial products, thus providing microbiologists the tools to engage with the public, policymakers, and industry to inform the debate on addressing current challenges.

Enzymes in RNA Science and Biotechnology, Volume 691 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, including chapters on Reverse transcriptase Part I (discovery, preparation, general utilization, MarathonRT for routine RT-PCR and for cDNA synthesis on challenging RNA templates Structured RNAs, repeat RNAs and more, Engineering TNA Polymerases Through Iterative Cycles of Directed Evolution, Reverse transcriptase Part II (RNA structure mapping and determination), RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) structure detection using RTS and SHALiPE assays, tRNA Structure-seq in vivo and in droplets, Capture the in vivo intact RNA structurome by CAP-STRUCTURE-seq, and more.

Cannabis and its Derivatives: Guide to Medical Application and Regulatory Challenges summarizes the current state of research and clinical pharmacology of cannabis-based therapeutics, along with associated regulatory frameworks. Sections cover historical, botanical, and taxonomical platforms of cannabis, chemical derivatives of the cannabis plant, a literature review of therapeutic applications, the biological fate of cannabis and its metabolic products, pain management, neurological disorders, cancer management, interactions with other drugs, veterinary applications, and the adverse effects of Cannabis overuse in humans.The book's final section is devoted to discussions around regulatory challenges and future considerations. This is the ideal reference pharmaceutical scientists, clinicians, and academic researchers who want access to updated information on the therapeutic applications of cannabis and its derivates. Corporate researchers will also benefit from this book's presentation of the associated regulatory environment.

Frosting and Icing for Efficient Energy Use in Engineering Applications provides a compendium of innovative case studies for mitigating impacts from frosting and icing on energy. This book first clarifies the mechanisms of frosting and icing, outlining modeling options, and control techniques. Next, a series of experimental examples show the effects of frosting at different scales of energy production, from ambient air vaporizers to wind turbines, and demonstrate how to control these for maximum efficiency. Finally, the mechanisms and mitigation of frosting are examined in a variety of infrastructure scenarios, including sustainable food storage and efficient high-speed railways. Combining the theoretical fundamentals of frosting and icing with a huge range of real-world case studies, this resource shows how to limit energy loss to these effects in key areas of engineering.