Bøger udgivet af Elsevier Science

Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications explores the use of chitosan-based nanoparticles as a sustainable solution for the development of improved therapeutic and diagnostic techniques. A range of biomedical applications is reviewed, including treatment against highly resistant bacteria and parasites; tissue regeneration; drug delivery, and more. Moreover, the application of chitosan-based nanoparticles for the effective delivery of hormones, vaccines, phytochemicals, nutraceuticals, and their application in immobilization of enzymes is also discussed in detail. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview for materials scientists, pharmaceutical scientists, and researchers with an interest in the development of novel materials for therapeutics.

Polymeric Nanofibers and their Composites: Recent Advances and Applications covers the fundamentals, synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of natural and synthetic nanofibers and their related composites. The book covers industrial, biological, and environmental applications, including biomedical, wastewater treatment, energy storage and conversions, gas adsorption, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, electronics, sensors, batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, water splitting, catalysis, separation, and purification. With an international author base, this book can be considered a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists, and engineers, and all those working in the fabrication of nanofibers, design of nanomaterials, and polymers, composites, and their related industrial applications.

Beam to Square Steel Tube Endplate Connection Using Thread-fixed One-side Bolts: Analysis and Design provides research information on thread-fixed one-side bolt (TOB), which is anchored through screwed threads in the bolt hole. Although beam-column endplate connections have been studied by many researchers and been widely used in engineering applications, the standard high strength bolts are not convenient for the bolted beam to square tube column endplate connection. The one-side bolts, which can be installed and tightened from outside of the tube column, provide a solution for beam to closed section column bolted connections. This book introduces the basic principles and design methods regarding the failure modes, and the design method of load carrying capacity of endplate connection using thread-fixed one-side bolts.

A Practical Guide to Functional Assessment and Treatment for Severe Problem Behavior discusses how to utilize functional assessment and function-based treatment for patients with severe problem behaviors. The book begins by defining problem behavior, contrasting functional and structural definitions, and clearly reviewing the term "severe". The second section, Functional Assessment of Problem Behavior, reviews three different assessments in detail, providing sample questionnaires, methods for interviewing and brief bonus videos. The third section, Function-Based Treatments, outlines three main treatment options, including comprehensive and trauma-informed strategies and outline information on collecting, graphing, and analyzing treatment data. The final section, Promoting Sustainability and Compassionate Care will review strategies to implement these assessments and treatments in a culturally relevant and compassionate way.

Electrochemical potassium storage explores the principles, materials, and technological developments of a variety of battery technologies based on electrochemical potassium storage. It covers the principles of potassium-ion batteries (organic and aqueous electrolytes), potassium metal batteries, potassium-sulfur (selenium) batteries, and potassium-oxygen batteries, as well as the development of the electrode materials of these batteries and the understanding of electrochemical cell operations. Batteries using potassium ions as the charge carrier to store energy operate via different electrochemical processes and have different features of materials electrochemistry compared to lithium-based batteries. Thus, battery technologies based on electrochemical potassium storage exhibit different performance strengths, potentially having diverse market applications. This is particularly important for the search for environmentally and economically sustainable alternatives to conventional lithium-ion batteries in a wide range of applications. This book presents the state-of-the-art development of potassium-based batteries and in-depth discussion on their structure-to-performance relationships.

Materials and Structures in Cold Regions: The Impact of Low Temperatures on Construction Materials and the Structural Behaviour of Structural Members is based on the latest research undertaken at Tianjin University, P.R. China and National University of Singapore. The book provides detailed experimental research on the influences of low temperatures on the mechanical properties of constructional materials and structural behavior of typical structural members at low temperatures, e.g., beams, columns, and walls. The theoretical and numerical models in the book on structural members at low temperatures simplifies and provides guidelines for structural engineers working on cold-region projects.The book blends the fundamental development of concepts with the practical specification of materials and structures at low temperatures.

Fermentative Hydrogen Production: From Fundamentals and Processes is a comprehensive examination of the theoretical and operational aspects of dark fermentative production of hydrogen. The book presents the latest technological developments, analyzes advantages and challenges, and discusses the potential for the maturity of dark fermentation. Part One analyzes the various technologies for hydrogen production, purification, storage, applications, and safety. In Part Two, first to third generation feedstocks are reviewed, as well as co-fermentation and solid and liquid wastes. Part Three examines the typical hydrogen-producing microorganisms in both pure and mixed cultures, along with sequencing techniques, pretreatment considerations, and engineering options. Part Four discusses influencing factors such as operational parameters, promotors, inhibitors, and has a dedicated section on the effects of Iron. Finally, Part Five directly compares dark hydrogen with other hydrogen production technologies through life cycle environmental impact assessments, highlighting bottlenecks and challenges in scaling up these technologies.

Develop the knowledge and skills you need to succeed in critical and progressive care nursing! Sole's Introduction to Critical Care Nursing, 9th Edition is a concise, easy-to-understand guide to safe and effective patient care. It also offers excellent preparation for the Next-Generation NCLEX® Examination. NEW! Content on the implications of the global COVID-19 pandemic for critical care nursing includes new content on proning as a standard critical care procedure and expanded coverage of nursing self-care - including new Nursing Self-Care boxes, consistent with the 2021 Future of Nursing report. NEW! Expanded tools for the Next-Generation NCLEX® (NGN) Exam includes more coverage of the six cognitive skills of NCSBN's Clinical Judgment Measurement Model, with new use of the cognitive skills along with nursing process terminology, expanded use of clinical judgment terminology, and expanded, newly interactive NGN-style case studies on the Evolve website. NEW! Updated content reflects the latest evidence-based developments as well as national and international guidelines. NEW! Integration of the 2021 AACN Essentials features special emphasis on Clinical Judgment and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, including the use of non-gendered language and illustrations with enhanced diversity. NEW! Key Points bulleted lists reinforce the most important content in each chapter.

Functionalized Nanoclays: Synthesis and Design for Industrial Applications presents a thorough and in-depth overview of functionalized nanoclays, from an introductory presentation of different nanoclays and their characterization, to their properties, synthesis, fabrication methods, and applications in various industries. The book begins with an introduction to functionalized nanoclays and their composites that is followed by sections dedicated to theoretical aspects and material synthesis. Subsequent chapters cover a broad range of industrial applications, including pollution remediation, sensing, drug delivery, food packaging, and much more. Following sections discuss recent progress in commercialization and standardization for functionalized nanoclays at both experimental and theoretical model scales. The book's final chapter presents research advances and future perspective for functionalized nanoclays as a replacement for traditional materials in diverse applications.

Genome Editing for Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Concept to Clinical Trials examines recent advances in neurodegenerative disease research and clinical challenges in practical applications. With an emphasis on genome editing tools such as ZFNs, TALENSs and CRISPR-Cas, this book sheds light on the possibilities to counteract genetic and neurodegenerative diseases. It will be of interest to researchers in neuroscience and biopharmaceuticals, as well as clinicians specializing in neurodegenerative diseases.

Additive Manufacturing of Polymer-based Composite Materials: Materials, Processes, and Properties presents the latest developments in additive manufacturing of polymer matrix composites and illustrates the large range of composite materials that can be obtained. Different technologies are presented with their own specificities such as: fused filament fabrication, wet fiber placement, stereolithography, and direct-ink-writing. Composites with chopped or continuous reinforcement, with synthetic or natural fibers, with thermoplastic or thermoset resin are compared and described in detail. Their thermal, physical, electrical, and mechanical properties are discussed.The book is dedicated to professionals involved in engineering design and production, as well as industrial communities who want to gain in-depth knowledge in the field of 3D printed composites.

Agroecology of Edible Weeds and Non-Crops: Ecology and Socio-Economic Potential of Plant Biodiversity is the first book to move beyond the ethnobotanical aspect of under-utilized non crops to explore how to optimize their potential. With case studies of edible weeds and non-crop plants from around the world, including Europe and North America, in urban as well as rural settings, the book highlights the global opportunities provided by these plants. The book includes much needed information for identifying, maintaining, and benefitting from these plant species. It is ideal for agricultural professionals, educators, researchers, and students. Those interested in increasing the diversity of the farming landscape and food systems by means of edible non-crop plants have access to a plethora of information on the ethnobotany of these species. Yet little to no information exists on the agroecological requirements and potential benefits of underutilized edible non-crop plants in the context of sustainable farming systems. This book fills that knowledge gap from identifying edible weeds and non-crop plants, to exploring the ways these plants can be used to economically improve nutrition.

Mechanical Alloying of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys: Processing, Applications, and Properties provides an in-depth exploration of ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, including various methods of preparation and production, their mechanical properties, and applications. The advantages of the mechanical alloying processing approach over other traditional powder metallurgical techniques is explained as are the alloys that are best suited for this technique. Preparation steps, microstructures, properties, and applications for ferrous and non-ferrous alloys are compared, with insights on which alloys are best suited for preparation by alloying.The advantages and disadvantages of wet and dry milling are outlined. Processing, properties, and applications of high entropy alloys, ODS stainless steel, shape memory alloys, cermets, iron, copper, zinc, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and ceramic-based alloys are also covered, as are different powder preparation techniques and sintering methods.

Greatest Mysteries in Human Evolution: Solutions to Ancient Archaeological and Anthropological Anomalies uses the most updated research and data to examine human evolution and the unsolved answers of our evolutionary history. Written by an acclaimed pioneer in cognitive archaeology, this book begins with an assessment of Neanderthals, using historical and archaeological evidence to explore how and why they became extinct. It then moves to the scientific discovery of the Peking Man fossils and why the proof of a 700,000-year-old skull would try to be erased from evolutionary history. The book also explores the first traces of the creation and evolution of language, communication, human abstract thinking, and tool creation, presenting an approachable and important resource for researchers and students in evolutionary biology, cognitive archaeology, and similar studies of human evolution.

Renewable Hydrogen: Opportunities and Challenges in Commercial Success presents fundamental principles and the latest research and technological advances in renewable hydrogen commercialization. With commercial scenarios and case studies, the book offers practical guidance for the scale-up of hydrogen production and storage. Beginning with an introduction to alternative energy resources, Part 1 presents a deep dive into the chemical, biochemical and electrochemical processes of hydrogen production. Part 2 discusses hydrogen storage and transportation, with Part 3 reviewing the applications of hydrogen in the automobile, space and chemical industries. Finally, Part 4 considers future perspectives, including challenges and techno economics.This book is an essential read for those seeking to understand how to successfully apply hydrogen production and storage research to an industrial scale.

This book addresses the possibilities provided by scattering techniques in the study of soft matter. It fills the gap between the fundamental scattering processes, which are described by the general theoretical framework of elastic and quasi-elastic interaction of radiation with matter, and state-of-the-art applications to specific soft matter systems. Three probes are discussed in detail: neutrons, X-ray photons, and visible light.Part 1 of the book is dedicated to the use of general principles for the measurement and analysis of scattered intensity: elementary scattering process, data reduction, general theorems, the concept of reciprocal space, and its link to structural and dynamical information in direct space. In Part 2, methods and techniques are further discussed, including resolution effects, contrast variation, static and dynamic light scattering, quasielastic neutron scattering, and reflectometry and grazing incidence techniques. Part 3 deals with the state of the art of scattering studies of typical soft matter systems (polymers, self-assembled surfactant systems and liquid crystals, microemulsions, colloids, aggregates, biological systems) with dedicated chapters for particle interactions and modeling. Part 4 highlights special applications, from light scattering in turbid media to scattering under external constraints, applications of neutron reflectometry, characterization of relaxation modes by neutron spectroscopy, and industrial applications.This new edition, written by the lecturers of the Bombannes Summer School, will be most useful as a learning tool for masters and PhD students, postdocs, and young researchers moving into the field. As with the previous edition, it will also be a reference for any scientist working in soft matter, where scattering techniques are ubiquitous, used in both small laboratories and large-scale research facilities.

Wheat Wild Relatives: Developing Abiotic Stress Tolerance under Climate Change presents a state-of-the-art outline of the problem, including issues, opportunities, and modern developments in the utilization of Wild Wheat Relatives (WWR) and related neglected species for wheat crop improvement, specifically focusing on environmental constraints. The book comprehensively discusses different wheat wild relatives, including major genus Triticum and Aegilops and their utilization in mitigating different environmental constraints using agronomic, physiological, and molecular approaches. Chapters provide insights into the advancement in the deployment of wheat genetic resources, including wild relatives and neglected species for crop improvement towards environmental issues. Wheat is a major staple food crop that has largely been focused for fulfilling the food requirements of world population during the Green revolution. Since then, it has come to cover more agricultural land than any other commercial crop. Continuously changing climatic conditions have drastically affected wheat production, with yields largely limited by environmental constraints. Theses production losses caused by crop vulnerability to climate change may be resolved by using wheat wild relatives that are closely related to cultivated genotypes and known for their beneficial traits.

In this issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics, guest editor Dr. Alain Borczuk brings his considerable expertise to the topic of New Frontiers in Thoracic Pathology. Top experts provide new insights into emerging technology that will affect thoracic pathology in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease. This issue covers updates in the utilization of molecular testing in surgical pathology of lung cancer and mesothelioma, highlights uncommon tumors in the differential of common tumors, and shares new approaches to non-neoplastic disease, including new clinicopathologic entities.Contains 13 relevant, practice-oriented topics including silicosis and non-asbestos associated pneumoconiosis; pathology of COVID-19 lung disease; salivary gland type lung cancer; microsatellite instability, mismatch repair and tumor mutation burden in lung cancer; artificial intelligence in lung pathology; and more.Provides in-depth clinical reviews on new frontiers in thoracic pathology, offering actionable insights for clinical practice.Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Genetics and Evolution of Infectious Diseases, Second Edition, discusses the constantly evolving field of infectious diseases and their continued impact on the health of populations, especially in resource-limited areas of the world. Students in public health, biomedical professionals, clinicians, public health practitioners, and decisions-makers will find valuable information in this book that is relevant to the control and prevention of neglected and emerging worldwide diseases that are a major cause of global morbidity, disability, and mortality. Although substantial gains have been made in public health interventions for the treatment, prevention, and control of infectious diseases during the last century, in recent decades the world has witnessed a worldwide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic, increasing antimicrobial resistance, and the emergence of many new bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral pathogens. The economic, social, and political burden of infectious diseases is most evident in developing countries which must confront the dual burden of death and disability due to infectious and chronic illnesses. Takes an integrated approach to infectious diseases Includes contributions from leading authorities Provides the latest developments in the field of infectious disease

Acetaminophen Toxicity: Experimental and Clinical Advances provides detailed information on the risks of consuming the drug in various situations and effective treatments of toxicity. Divided into two parts, the foundational aspects of this book cover the mechanism of toxicity in a detailed manner beginning with the history of acetaminophen to newly explored areas of genetics, proteomics, and metabolomics. The second half goes on to discuss clinical practices and examine where further research and therapeutic approaches may be headed. This part answers key questions about whom to treat, what are the exceptions, how long do you treat, how much antidote do you need, when are other treatments necessary, and what are those other treatments. With contributions from experts in the field, this book is a thorough, well-researched, and valuable reference for scientists, researchers, and clinicians engaged in pursuing better and more accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with acetaminophen toxicity.

Endoscopy-Past, Present, and Future: The NYSGE at 50 commemorates a significant milestone - the 50th Anniversary of NYSGE. In honor of this occasion, prominent voices within the Society explore pivotal advancements in the realm of gastrointestinal endoscopy, a journey that has unfolded since the group's inception in 1974. These essays intricately weave the narrative of the indispensable role NYSGE members have played in shaping the landscape. While the spotlight is cast on the pioneering strides made by NYSGE's endoscopists and researchers, the volume also examines how these breakthroughs intertwine with the contemporary state of various endoscopic disciplines.The book's chapters take readers on a comprehensive journey through the evolution of gastroenterology and endoscopy. Opening with a historical overview, the first chapter delves into the visionary founding of NYSGE and its subsequent growth. Highlighting figures like Florence Lefcourt and Doris Barnie, the chapter underscores their pivotal roles in establishing the society. It traces the development of the nurses program, NYSGE courses, and global collaborations, offering a glimpse into transformative advancements on the horizon. Following chapters spotlight pivotal achievements, such as the trajectory of polypectomy from its inception to televideo mentoring, and more.

Diagnosis and Management of Poultry Coccidiosis provides a comprehensive overview of current trends in the control of Eimeria and coccidiosis. Chicken coccidiosis cost the global economy $12.58 billion in 2016, including lost productivity and expenditures associated with prevention and treatment. As a result, chicken producers have developed several management approaches to combat coccidiosis. With consumer and regulatory pressure, nutritional interventions, and the need to identify anticoccidial alternatives that do not impair growth performance, this book contemplates the antibiotic-free future of the chicken industry. Initial chapters in this book introduce readers to chicken coccidiosis and the identification and diagnosis of the Eimeria parasite. Subsequent chapters describe innate and adaptive immune responses of poultry to Eimeria and delve into the purification of Eimeria lifecycle stages and in vitro culture systems for the study of Eimeria. The latter half of the book examines a variety of modern immunization measures, dietary interventions, and anticoccidial medications designed to combat coccidiosis.

Advances in Sustainable Humidification-Dehumidification Thermal Desalination Systems: 4E Analysis, Process Integration, and Materials presents the newest developments in humidification-dehumidification (HDH) systems and improvements in their applications for reducing energy usage. This book is split into three parts, first outlining principles, analysis, and optimization of HDH technology, its economy, its impacts on the environment, and a multistage approach for maximizing energy efficiency. This is followed by practical guides on implementing sustainable HDH systems within a variety of hybridization scenarios. Finally, this book provides an evaluation of different packing materials for HDH desalination units. Showing how the major advances in this technology impact the energy requirements of fresh-water production, Advances in Sustainable Humidification-Dehumidification Thermal Desalination Systems: 4E Analysis, Process Integration, and Materials takes readers from fundamental principles to sustainable real-world applications of HDH thermal desalination systems.

Livestock Genome Editing Tools introduces applications and improvements to a series of new genome editing techniques in livestock, such as pigs, cattle, and sheep. These tools include zinc finger nucleases (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) system, as well as the traditional gene targeting tools. The book also summarizes a series of genome editing-related techniques, including microinjection and somatic cell nuclear transfer.Written by international experts who have been working on livestock genetic editing field for more than 30 years, this book provides extensively theoretical and practical experience for readers to master the latest developments. This book explores the importance of research and application, as well as operation procedures, of livestock genetic editing tools. The writing of operation details makes this book an accessible read.This book is an important resource for researchers interested in genome-edited animals and scientists and technicians in breeding institutions and is also of interest to students major in animal reproduction and biological engineering.

Advances in Prodrugs: Design and Therapeutic Applications provides a versatile tool in prodrug design and development as well as a concrete perspective on clinical and preclinical studies currently available on prodrugs. The first part of this book discusses different chemical classes of prodrugs, with particular emphasis on metabolic pathways and mechanisms involved in the activation of their functional groups. The second part of the book covers therapeutic applications of prodrugs against the most discussed diseases, providing detailed discussion on recent achievements in the field. This book offers researchers involved in drug discovery key criteria for the successful development of prodrug-based therapeutic tools.Prodrugs are inactive drug precursors which undergo different chemical transformation by metabolic processes to provide pharmacologically active compounds. Prodrugs include a broad range of structurally diverse molecules employed for the treatment of several diseases.

New Technology For Solar Photovoltaic Thermal Comprehensive Utilization Systems: Applications for Cold Regions provides step-by-step coverage of innovative areas of solar/photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) hot water and heating systems, covering principles, structure, modeling, experimental testing, operating characteristics and optimization, and economic evaluation. The book begins by discussing the concepts, classification, advantages, and application methods of current solar hot water/heating systems, phase change storage, and connection methods. Several novel systems are investigated and analyzed, with applications in extreme cold and subtropical regions, including tank-type systems, dual-condenser heat pipe systems, heat pipe PV/T-Trombe wall systems, PV/T road heat pump systems, and PV/T-PCM-PEM electrolyzer hydrogen/heating systems. Finally, other new types of PV/T systems and building design considerations for special climate regions, and perspectives and future directions, are considered. This is a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, advanced students, engineers, R&D professionals, and other industrial personnel with an interest in solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technologies, solar energy, built environment, and renewable energy.

Perovskite Solar Cells: Prospects of Commercialization considers the challenges, technological barriers, and opportunities facing the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.First, the book provides a brief overview of the history of perovskite solar cells in the context of therise of photovoltaics, and an overview of materials systems being considered for these technologies. Then, five main aspects of commercialization are examined, including performance, processability, sustainability, potential applications, and economics. The materials properties, including their merits and drawbacks, are discussed along with their relationship to commercial viability with the aim of identifying gaps for further growth in the area.This book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia and industrial R&D interested.

Body Image and the Asian Experience: Asians, Asian Americans, and Asian Diasporas Across the Globe discusses the lack of knowledge and misinformation about body image for people of Asian descent, including Asian nationals dwelling in Asia and those in the diaspora (Asian Americans, Asian immigrants in the UK, Australia, etc.). The first section reviews the past and current theories of body image, specifically for people of Asian descent. The next section presents the current research on body image an Asian Americans and Asians around the globe, including specific demographic and social identity groups. The last section examines practical implications in the aspects of mental health, interpersonal and social relationships, and identify development as informed by body image issues.

Master the basics of sleep medicine with this easy to read, award-winning text! Fundamentals of Sleep Medicine, 2nd Edition, by Drs. Richard B. Berry, Mary H. Wagner, and Scott M. Ryals, is an ideal resource for sleep medicine fellows and trainees, sleep technicians, and sleep medicine practitioners as a concise, clinically focused alternative to larger references. Beginning with core content, it then proceeds to information useful for everyday practice-all written in a clear, direct style designed for quick and easy access.Features video content that demonstrates common sleep disorders.Includes more than 350 updated multiple-choice questions and answers for self-assessment and board preparation.New! Offers concise Key Points at the end of each chapter, expanding on information from Drs. Berry and Wagner’s popular book Sleep Medicine Pearls to enhance your understanding.Provides updated references to AASM scoring guidelines and diagnostic criteria for sleep disorders.Illustrated with numerous diagrams, charts, and polysomnograms (sleep studies) to clarify complex concepts.An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. Any additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date.