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This reference book contains information regarding the effectiveness of eccentric exercises and static stretching in improving calf muscle flexibility among male university students. The book presents data collected through original research and offers critical analysis. It will be beneficial for physiotherapists and individuals involved in physical education, aiding them in their research and academic endeavors. The research was conducted with a solid understanding of physiotherapeutic approaches, and the manuscript is written in clear and accessible language.

Economic stability has been maintained at the level of our society due to the advanced policy of our independent state, which is financially, currency-credited.One of the main pillars on which the economy of any country rests is the economic banking system.But there are some problems in the banking system. In the countries of developing economies, this is a serious highlighting of a number of serious problems that commercial banks of the Central Bank are taking measures for in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, there is an increasing trend of overdue loans in the total volume of credit deposits of a number of small and medium-sized commercial banks of our Republic.

Reforming and liberalizing banking, which is one of the important links of market relations, improving the economy, creating suitable banks from the banking system and creating the necessary forces for their creation.Modernization of the economic activity managed by the commercial banks of our republic, support of small business and private business entities, investment and financial support, recovery of bankruptcy income is being carried out on a large scale. government, the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, IAKarimov, "Our country has been showing high performance in its financial and banking system and management activities. In 2012, the total capital of the bank increased by 24.3%, and in the last three years it has doubled. In 2010, only 13 commercial banks of the decision had an international rating, while in the same situation, the number reached 28. he emphasized.

The main objective of this book is to present some of the loss reduction methods in Electrical distribution systems. There are many different ways to reduce the losses and improve the performance of the distribution systems. Within the scope of this book, optimal capacitor placement, network reconfiguration and the two hybrid methods are presented. The introductory aspects related to Electrical distribution systems, factors affecting distribution system losses, loss reduction methods and literature survey in this area are presented in Chapter-1. Chapter-2 introduces an efficient branch current method to obtain the load flow solution of radial distribution systems. The findings of the proposed branch current load flow method tested on different static load models namely constant power load model, constant current load model, constant impedance load model and exponential load model are reported. Load growth is also considered. Chapter-3 presents different methods developed for the optimal capacitor placement problem. A two-stage methodology is used for the optimal capacitor placement.

This book contains information analyzed on the basis of the long past history of cotton growing in our country, the first steps in the science of cotton growing, the first researches, and the fact that cotton growing is one of the main sectors in the agricultural production of Uzbekistan.The book is intended for scientists of the scientific research institute, agricultural specialists, teachers and students of the university, institute, agricultural technical school, and a wide readership.

Producing enough food for an increasing population is considered one of the greatest challenges (BURNS et al., 2010). The United Nations (UN) estimated the world population will exceed 9.7 billion in 2050 (UN, 2021) and this expansion will increase the demand for food (SAATH; FACHINELLO, 2018). In this context, agriculture has a key relevance, once this activity is responsible for producing food, using less areas as possible (SENTELHAS et al., 2015). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO (2013), the availability of agricultural areas is concentrated only in a few countries, with about 90 % of land for agricultural expansion located in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. In Latin America, Brazil has a key relevance for food production, with high potential for expansion (SAATH; FACHINELLO, 2018). However, environmental concerns and the preservation of native forests have limited the agricultural expansion, thus, the appropriated alternative is increasing yields, instead of deforestation (SAATH; FACHINELLO, 2018).

This glossary focuses on current business, management and economy criteria for defining the meaning of the word youth in English to Uzbek.The results of this explanatory dictionary can be used to improve the textbooks and manuals to be created in English and Uzbek in higher education, to improve the process of developing lectures and practical classes, which emphasizes the practical significance of the work. More will help students in the field of business to independently master the terms of extracurricular business.

The social and technological trends that define the digital age present educators with ongoing challenges. They have to change the traditional teaching methods if they want to (effectively) pass on their knowledge to the next generations. There is a whole range of innovative methods and tools, the most important of which we would like to present in this volume ¿ as a kind of helping guide on the bumpy road of transition. Among the modern teaching methods, we describe problem-based learning, case-based learning, gamification, project-based learning, flipped learning, cooperative learning, and competency-based learning. In describing the methods, we address their definition and goals, provide a comprehensive description of their main features, outline their advantages and possible disadvantages, and present their application in the classroom using real-world examples (best practices). Among the digital tools that can be used in the classroom, the TOP30 are presented, that knowledge and application are almost indispensable in this modern world.

The concept of meritocracy aims to identify, select, continuously attract, and engage individuals based on their capabilities, providing a foundation for effective management. However, in societies where relationships take precedence over rules and inheritance outweighs acquisition, meritocracy is shrouded in uncertainty. The allocation of responsibilities to individuals is not solely determined by competence but is influenced by numerous intrinsic and acquired factors. In managerial roles, such as managerial duties and executive positions, the structure is often less defined, making the identification of competent individuals challenging and complex. Many fields face disruptions beyond one's control that affect the working conditions of managers. Managers typically enjoy job opportunities, benefits, power, and wealth, and as a result, relationships tend to hold more sway than rules. Hence, the initial and crucial step in achieving meritocracy is to address this issue. The pursuit of meritocracy has been a longstanding endeavor in Western countries. It's important to note that meritocracy should be pursued at all levels, not limited to managerial positions.

This manual is compiled by the authors according to Cambridge University Press, using in teaching and learning discourse within the subject Language Aspects for the second course students at the faculty of Foreign Languages. We were grateful to the authors, publishers and others who have given permission for the use of copyright material, because of this manual helped for our students to learn foreign language effectively in Uzbek auditory.

The important issues in the care of cotton, including deep tillage, the effect of deep tillage on the agrophysical, agrochemical and microbiological properties of the soil, the development of the root system, the quality indicators of the fiber, the yield and the economic efficiency of the use of this technology are presented in this monograph. Also, the causes of cotton growth retardation during the initial carding periods and the measures to eliminate them are scientifically substantiated.

Life as we know follows the arrow of time from the present to the unknown future. Due to the lack of knowing what we truly want we tend to consider whatever happening in our life as fate, no matter how wrong. Sometimes may be the fate is occurring. But, there¿s a ¿BUT¿ to it: sometimes what¿s going on are just the consequences of your choices. Choices are like the compass you rely on, not knowing how to read your compass doesn¿t rule out the fact that the compass will not show you direction anyway; even if it would be a wrong direction. Since any choice you will make will likely have an outcome, that implies to the possibilities of different versions of you in the near future. What if you can map out the choices you made in your past up to now? What if you were to make deep analysis from any critical time of your life you can recall and found out big WHYs of how one thing led to another? This book will share insights regarding that leverage and clearing for you how the end is always carried from the beginning. Any choice carries its aftermath events, although life has an open end due to our lack of comprehending every aspect of our life in all details.

Children and teenagers who use virtual space and computer games, in addition to having a negative impact on their family life and spending less time talking with their families, feel lonely and depressed, lack of self-esteem and restlessness, violent behaviors, aggressiveness, academic failure, etc. increase in them. These children and teenagers receive more damages from financial, physical and cultural aspects as well. Undoubtedly, at most 15 percent of the entire Iranian society has access to the Internet, and we cannot make a general decision if there is any harm in this sector. First, if the use of the Internet reaches from 15 to 19 percent, the volume of this approach will continue or even intensify. Secondly, the educated and middle class, who are the majority of Internet users, have a greater influence on other classes. Patterns, imitation of fashions, type of behavior, type of clothes, shoes, sayings or personality change are spread by the middle class, in a short time it spreads to other classes and classes and this spread is not through the internet but through daily interactions, press, satellites, mass media, video games, etc. also take place.

This book contains valuable information about Ruzimurad Mahmud Bukhari, one of the prominent poets of Bukhara. His poems and ghazals have been thoroughly analyzed in this book. At the same time, the information about his followers of Navoi is also collected in this book also. This book is beneficial for students who plan to learn about Bukharäs poets and Navai¿s followers. That¿s why I can suggest you read this book!

In a manual the expounded history, theory of social and political and humanitarian sciences and basic maintenance of organization of educational process, is on their study in higher and general educational establishments. The special attention is convolute on historical development of social and political sciences and becoming of historical education. For students, masters and postgraduates of educational institutions of higher education.

Feeling anxious is a fairly normal reaction when experiencing exciting, stressful, or new situations. However, students who have school anxiety can have a more serious disorder that requires treatment. Anxiety begins when it takes the student away from opportunities such as participating in extracurricular activities or social work. The national institute of mental health reports that approximately 25% of teens between the ages of 13 and 18 have an anxiety disorder, and slightly less than 6% have a severe anxiety disorder. This means that one in four teenagers struggle with anxiety, which negatively affects their daily lives. Anxiety in children and adolescents from kindergarten to twelfth grade usually manifests itself in three different forms: refusal to go to school, test anxiety, and social anxiety. These three branches of student anxiety can be caused by various factors and are usually a sign of a deeper anxiety disorder. Children who are constantly worried and anxious are not doing it on purpose. Their nervous system operates automatically, especially in the case of anxiety, which is often caused by psychological warfare or mental reflexes.

Credit relations are based on clear methodological foundations existing in the economy. Loan capital market operations, which are its main elements, are conducted on the basis of certain principles. These principles were highlighted at the first stage of the development of credit relations, and later they were clearly reflected in the national and international credit legislation. Credit as an economic category has several principles. These are the principles of loan repayment, loan maturity, loan security, targeting, and solvency. The principle we want to look at is the security of the loan. With the help of this principle, the connection between value and material production in the development of the economy of credit is ensured. The main essence of this principle is that each soum of bank funds participating in the economic cycle must be matched by a certain amount of material assets. Any loans granted by banks to economic sectors must be secured by full assets or certain costs.

Digital Twin technology is developing technology in artificial intelligence. Usage of the technology in conservation of Cultural Heritage aided with advancement for preserving historic sites of the city for future generation and development of tourism industry. Moreover, tourism industry is increasingly effected by Cultural Heritage, from visiting monuments to get acquainted with country¿s culture. UNESCO defines culture tourism as ¿to create discerning type of tourism that takes account of other people¿s cultures¿ (UNESCO,2005). Simultaneously, Cultural Heritage tourism and regional development are connected with each other, conserving Cultural Heritage accurately is being the main aim of these times. community ¿ based understanding and support site in conservation of historic centers by Digital Twin technology can be developed, thus increase responsibility to the cultural heritages¿ preservation.

This book contains information about the production of construction materials based on industrial waste. Today, the environment is significantly damaged due to the industrial waste of many enterprises, so the production of construction materials containing industrial waste is a solution to the global problem. Effective use of industrial waste improves the environment, prevents air pollution and saves natural resources.

When this writer decided to write a short story about Sinead O¿Connor, he literally did not know where to start, but, in spite of that, he decided ¿to begin the begin¿. Sinead was a very complex character/ personality, fearless, and at times reckless, caring, larger than life, talented beyond belief. She herself listed the psychological problems she experienced, like the fact that she was diagnosed as bipolar. Although this she later on denied being the case. In the course of this story, the writer hopes to clarify some aspects of Sinead¿s life so that the readers can have a more accurate picture. Many aspects of her life have been documented, like the fact that she was abused as a child, by, of all people, her mother.Sinead tore up a picture of the Pope to draw attention to the facts of the widespread clerical abuse in the Roman Catholic Church. She sang what is perhaps the world¿s greatest love song ¿Nothing Compares to Yoü a cover version of ¿Prince¿s¿ original. Sinead had several ¿marriages¿, which are well documented. She changed her religion a number of times.

Welcome to the exciting world of English language learning! Whether you are a beginner embarking on a new linguistic adventure or an intermediate learner seeking to refine your skills, this book is designed to be your trusted companion on your journey towards English language proficiency. Within these pages, we will explore the four fundamental skills necessary for effective communication in English: reading, writing, listening, and speaking.

"The World of Idioms: A Monograph" is an enlightening and captivating exploration of idioms and their characteristics. Authored with meticulous attention to detail, this book takes readers on an enthralling linguistic adventure, unraveling the secrets behind these colorful expressions that add spice to our everyday language.The author's deep knowledge and passion for idioms shine through the pages as they skillfully dissect and explain the origins, meanings, and usage of a wide range of idiomatic phrases. Whether you're a language enthusiast, a student, or simply curious about the intricacies of language, this book is a treasure trove of insights that will leave you astounded.

Hoshang Moradi Kermani is a talented writer who has lived a difficult life and the stages of his life are reflected in his works, and from the external surface of his works, you can reach their inner and deep. With a curious look, you can discover the bottom layer of his works and search for the author's personality in them. The principles of psychoanalysis affect our understanding and interpretation of Moradi Kermani and broadens our vision and insight. The psychological analysis of the works of this great writer and the issues raised in his works help us to know him and help us to understand the deprivations and experiences of his life. The text of Moradi Kermani's works is born of unconscious forces. Some of the characters in his works represent his childhood and teenage personality. He has the largest number of works translated into foreign languages in his career, and the largest number of films have been made from his stories. The psychoanalytical reading of Moradi Kermani's works, paying attention to the influence of the unconscious forces that lie behind their appearance, leads us to know the creator of those works.

"Analyzing the Event Industry during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria" is a comprehensive examination of the profound impact that the global health crisis had on businesses and human interactions within the Nigerian event industry. The book explores the challenges faced by event organizers and professionals, the lessons learned, and outlines a roadmap for the way forward in a post-pandemic landscape.Throughout the pandemic, the event industry in Nigeria experienced a significant downturn as restrictions and safety measures were imposed to curb the spread of the virus. Large gatherings were banned, and social distancing guidelines limited the scope of events that could take place. As a result, businesses involved in event planning, management, catering, and entertainment faced severe financial strain and uncertainty.The book highlights the ways in which event organizers quickly adapted to the new reality by pivoting to virtual events and online experiences. Though virtual events provided some solace, they couldn't fully replicate the vibrancy and human connections that in-person gatherings offer.

Arabic language has attained the status of an International language. United Nations has adopted Arabic as one of its six official languages. Arabic language plays a vital role in the commercial and the cultural fields in the globalizational era. Arabic is a very rich language, which can be compared to an ocean without any limits of depth or width. This work is designed to meet the needs of Terminology used in the field of Marketing and Telecommunication Sectors through Arabic-English for communication at the graduate and post-graduate levels in the colleges and universities. Special attention has been made by providing the list of terminology used in the Marketing and Telecommunication fields. The need for a book on Terminology Employed in Marketing Sector has long been felt. The purpose of this work is to train the students in the Marketing sector from Arabic into English and vice-versa, by providing worked out terminologies. It is hoped that this book will greatly help those students and readers who wish to learn and practice Arabic-English terminologies for Marketing and Telecommunication Sectors requirements and Telemarketing field developers.

Reinforced concrete structures may be required to be upgraded for various reasons. Structural inadequacy of materials like concrete and steel. The application of CFRP as external reinforcement to strengthen concrete beams has received much attention from researchers, but only very few studies have focused on structural members strengthened after preloading. The behavior of structures which have been preloaded until cracking initiates deserves more attention, since this corresponds to the real-life use of CFRP retrofitting. The process of upgrading the strength, regaining the lost strength and enhancing the performance of the structure locally or globally is referred to as retrofitting. Strength, stiffness and ductility of few elements or whole building can be altered by retrofitting. Ferrocement jacketing for retrofitting can be useful as it is economical, easy to apply from the view point of less skill labour requirement, lightweight and high tensile strength. In this study for shear lacking RC beams deflections of specimens are noted after stressing the specimens to ultimate load. Then retrofitting is done with ferrocement and their strength is compared to control specimens.

Men o¿z ishimni Bionika kabi fan sohasini o¿rganishga bag¿ishladim. Bionika sohasiga qiziqishimga va o¿rganishimga ustozim Abduqayum Normirzayev sababchilar. Ustoz menga ilk bor ¿Texnika fanlarini o¿qitishda Bionikaning o¿rni¿ nomli maqolalarini o¿rganib chiqishimni topshiriq qilib berdilar. Bu maqolani o¿rganishim jarayonida Bionikaga qiziqishim ortdi va o¿z oldimga maqsad qilib qo¿ydim bu sohani mukkammal o¿rganaman deb o¿zimga so¿z berdim. O¿rganishlarim natijasida Bionika sohasi dunyoning ayrim davlatlarida jumladan: Rossiya, Germaniya, Yaponiya, Xitoy davlatlarida maktab va oliy tälimlarda fan sifatida o¿qitilar ekan. Men ham Bionikani O¿zbekistonda fan sifatida olib kirish va yosh avlodga o¿rgatishni o¿z oldimga maqsad qilib qo¿ydim.Bionika - bu tabiat g¿oyalari va ushbu g¿oyalarni amalga oshirishga asoslangan fan. Ko¿pchilik haligacha kibernetikaning bu bo¿limi nima ekanligini bilishmaydi. Men o¿z ishimda sizga ushbu fan haqida gapirib beraman, u bilan nima bog¿liq va nima uchun u butun dunyo aholisi orasida juda mashhur.

This monograph was compiled by student Chorieva Asila and includes research papers on English language, linguistics and literature.There are articles on the works of English writers Alexander Feinberg, Charles Dickens and their contribution to literature, Romanticism, American literature, women's prose and their views, artistic approaches, character of Amir Temur, works of European and American animalists, and other literary topics. In addition, there are articles about translation and its lexical problems necessary for literature. This monograph can be a useful guide for all researchers.

This book introduces a new view on traffic control and infrastructure organization towards a smarter future. The research includes training reinforcement learning models that have the goal of controlling traffic lights, adding/removing roads and lanes, building/destroying intersections and infrastructure with one goal in mind: building a city that's green, livable for humans and fast for vehicles.

"Quality Assurance in the Hospitality Industry in Africa" by Ogechi Adaobi Jude-Emezuom is a comprehensive examination of the vital role of quality assurance within the context of the hospitality sector in Africa. The book delves into the challenges and opportunities faced by the African hospitality industry, exploring the ways in which quality assurance practices can contribute to its growth and success.Through a blend of research, case studies, and practical insights, the book highlights the significance of maintaining consistent quality standards in various aspects of the hospitality industry, including accommodations, dining, service, and overall guest experiences. Ogechi Adaobi Jude-Emezuom emphasizes the unique cultural and economic factors that impact the hospitality landscape in Africa and presents strategies for implementing effective quality control measures tailored to the region.The author's exploration of quality assurance encompasses not only the tangible aspects of hospitality, such as facilities and amenities, but also the intangible elements like customer service and staff training.