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Surjit Kaur's "A Study of Contributing Factors for the Development of Hockey" is a thorough investigation of the numerous elements that support the expansion and improvement of the hockey sport. The book offers a thorough review of the elements that are crucial to the growth of the sport, including the level of participation, infrastructure, coaching, training and conditioning, resources, and funding. The author has done a lot of study to obtain pertinent information, and after analysing it, has developed a thorough understanding of the numerous variables that contribute to the growth of hockey.All hockey-related stakeholders, including players, coaches, officials, and fans, can benefit from this book. It offers a thorough overview of the different elements that influence the expansion and development of the sport and identifies the areas in need of development to assure hockey's future expansion and success. The author has also offered advice and ideas for development, which will support hockey stakeholders in their initiatives to advance the game.Anyone interested in sports science and sport development will find this book interesting. For scientists, researchers, and students who are researching the sport of hockey and the elements that have influenced its growth, it offers an invaluable resource. In conclusion, Surjit Kaur's "A Study of Contributing Factors for the Development of Hockey" is a significant contribution to the literature on hockey and sports science and will be highly beneficial to anyone interested in this area.

Personnel management acts as the kernel of HRM. It can be stated that HRM is built from the managing employees. The core concept of the management of staff is to get work done from an employee for the salary given. Employees were not granted that much importance in the decision-making system during the Personnel Management period and were not permitted to communicate with higher management. Personnel management restricted to factories and the personal manager's primary concern was to see if everything met with labor laws or not, not much importance was put on employee morale. Employees were only viewed as resources, the organization's responsibility, in addition to being seen as expense & expenditure to the business rather than capital and future asset. The most widely used staff officers are punitive rather than versatile and cooperative with staff. Employee nurturing was not a concern for staff managers and the opinion of workers was overlooked, meaning employee managers rather than recognizing the situation they used to be punitive if the employee made any mistake. (Tutar et al. 2020).Viewpoint of HRM is that, workers are company's most important resources and they regard their employees as value of assets for their organization. In comparison to personal management, empowering workers is a fundamental aspect of HRM. The core notion of managing human resources is seeing what should be provided to an employee to extract the desired job. Employee engagement in decision-making is often welcomed by HR managers and their opinions are most respected. Employee versatility in job and health is an important aspect for HR executives and they show more importance about employee problems. New regulations and enhancement approaches are well supported and easy to enforce by the Hr Manager. The key difference between staff management and human human resources management was the incorporation and strengthening of information technology into HR process and functions for better productivity and time savings. Artificial intelligence and Robots take over many HR roles, ranging from recruiting of staff, research, interviewing and many more.

Defining Intelligence is the basic and foremost requirement of this research. The base of artificial intelligence and multiple intelligence is intelligence which is a broader and wide concept. Intelligence can be said as "The ability to think in abstract or intellectual terms." It is this intellectual concept which separate humans from animals but can be limited. Talking about mammals such as Squirrels, Coyote, otters, and Panda have the tremendous survival ability in the environment where they stay. Precisely stating intelligence is not the word that can describe them but it is the human ability or the notional thinking ability such as usage of different kind of speech sounds, to plot calculus, conversion of music into rhythmic notes, connecting various available colors with emotions, logic implementation, thinking contemplation, moralize, pondering eternity and various other things.

Children are the most important human resource of the nation. They are thebackbone and the future generation of society and also preserve the societal culture and traditions of the society. For the development of society, all-round development of the children is most essential. However, among them, some extremely poor, alcoholism of father, step-parents, sexually victimized child, and death of one or more parents, abnormal children, disease parents and insecure environment, orphan. abandoned, neglected children have to live without their families and they are grown up in Child Care Institution (CCI). Separation from the home or family environment, deprivation of parental care, love, affection, warmth, security, acceptance, and discipline during childhood may disrupt their normal emotional and social development. Therefore, it is essential to explore the level of emotional maturity and social adjustment of children that are living an institution.

As against fix-prices, flex-prices prevail in agricultural, auction and stock markets. Independent intermediate traders (market makers in stock markets) are the makers of prices, and they accumulate or decrease their stocks in accordance with the expected rise or fall in future prices. Price expectations of market makers play a decisive role in their accumulation and inventory holdings, or release of inventories to the market from their holdings. In flex-price markets, the balancing of inflows and outflows and maintenance of balance between actual and desired holding of inventories' of equities market makers/intermediate traders represents the equilibrium state of the market (Prakash, Shri, 1986, Sharma, Shalini, 2004). Both the desired and actual holdings of stocks by market makers/traders crucially depend upon (i) current state of the market, and (ii) expected change in the state of the market. But expectations are characterized by fragility and variability. Expectations not only differ among different stake holders at any given point in time but the expectations of any stake holder tend to change quickly even at the drop of a hat through time. However, it is the expectations of dominant players, or the dominant expectation among all stake holders, which will make equity prices rise or fall. Magnitudes of rise/fall also depend on the quantum of expected change in price.

Social intelligence was defined as the capability to form relations with other people, as well as intrapersonal intelligence. It is also potential to understand other person's feelings, temperaments, effective social behaviour, ability to empathize, and understanding for nonverbal cues during interaction. Therefore, researchers have explained that social intelligence comprises skills far more than general intelligence. Dewey was the first psychologist who used the term "social intelligence" in 1909 in his book written by him- "Moral Principles in Education". Dewey has defined this concept as "the ability to observe and understand social situations". Thorndike first proposed the concept social intelligence in 1920. Thorndike defined it as the ability to achieve interpersonal tasks. A definition was given by Edward Thorndike "the ability to understand and manage men and women and girls, to act wisely in human relations". Thus, by above definition, Thorndike associates both cognitive and behavioral areas, meaning it is the capability to comprehend other people and also to react towards them or deal with them. Three forms of intelligence were given by Thorndike.

Schools are established to make the most of human potential. They are supposed to develop the skills, capabilities and attitudes of students. Schools are also supposed to help children think laterally so as to encourage the development of multiple perspectives. We are awarethat the needs of today's students are ever changing. Teacher of today face more intense challenges from students compared to teachers thirty years ago. Instruction doesn't limit to lecturing to students sitting in rows at desks, sincerely listening and memorizing what they hear, rather, now it offers every child a rich, rewarding, and unique learning experience. Teachers initially were told what, when, and how to teach. They were supposed to educate every student in exactly the same way and they were not held responsible when many students failed to learn. They were expected to teach using the same methods as they did for many generations.

Humans have long sought novel ways to execute diverse jobs with the least amount of effort. For all of this, technologies have been proposed and therefore are continuously being developed, one being Artificial Intelligence technology. Despite the fact that artificial intelligence was first proposed in the 1950s, the topic still requires a lot of research and development, especially in affluent countries. Since the dawn of civilization, the notion that humans could one day construct robots that can think for them and act independently has been ingrained in our culture and literature.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a difficult idea to grasp. Despite the fact that the concept is not new, it has gained such traction in recent years that it has become a topic of debate among scientists, academics, policymakers, as well as business leaders. This is due to the fact that AI is such a large discipline that it has an impact on practically every aspect of modern life.2.

Softwarecost estimation is the forecasting of development effort and development time mandatory needed to develop a software project. It is considered to be the very primary step of software development process and at the same time considered to be the key task as accurate assessments of growth of the current project, its delivery exactness and its cost control can only be achieved once calculated estimation is accurate. And at broader perspective an accurate estimation of a currently developing software project will result in landing the organization in a better schedule of its futuristic software projects too. With due above reason, software effort estimation has received a considerable amount of attention of many researchers from past so many decades. In other words, Software cost estimation is the summation of predictions of both building effort and calendar time used to develop a software project. The building effort includes the summation of working hours and the total of workers included in the process of soft project development. Just from the inception of software project development, organizations of this nature came across to the problem of poor estimations of development effort and development time of software projects.

Service quality involves a comparison of expectations with performance. According to Lewis and Booms (1983) service quality is a measure of how well a delivered service matches the customer's expectations. Generally the customer is requesting a service at the service interface where the service encounter is being realized, and then the service is being provided by the provider and in the same time delivered to or consumed by the customer. The main reason to focus on quality is to meet customer needs while remaining economically competitive in the same time. This means satisfying customer needs is very important for the enterprises survive. The outcome of using quality practices.

It provides me a great pleasure that my Thesis work on "Legislative Dimension and Judicial Response of Trademark in Legal Network" is going to notice to the luminaries of our university. I focus in my thesis work how Trademark is useful and important in the financial and mercantile arena of our country and in my work my guide has whole heartedly assisted me to make the work more successful and useful. To enlighten the Thesis work the whole study is classified into different chapters.In the Introduction Chapter the researcher has tried to give a proper concept regarding Trademark, the researcher has discussed the Distinction between Trade mark and Property Mark, the essential features of trademark, functions of a trademark, types of trademarks and the researcher has also discussed regarding the Objectives, Problems, Hypothesis and Methodology of the thesis.In The History and Development of Trade mark Law Chapter the researcher that means I have discussed regarding the historical perspective of trademark.In Expanding Boundaries of scope of trademarks Chapter the researcher has discussed regarding the Laws which are relating to expanding boundaries of scope of trademarks.In Trade mark in International Sphere Chapter the researcher has discussed the importance and the position of trade mark in the International Sphere.In The Trade mark Legislation in India Chapter the researcher that means I have discussed regarding the Trade marks Legislations of India.In Infringement of Trademark and Remedies Chapter the researcher that means I have discussed regarding the Infringement of Trademark and its Remedies.

Over the past two decades, the Internet has transcended human civilization to the information age. Cyberspace has now become a part of our ecosystem, an essential and indispensable element of our life. However, with the rise of Internet users, it has also become a playground of reprobaters who are constantly threatening the computer systems with ever evolving threats. These threats target various computing platforms like PCs, laptops, tablets, mobiles, IoT devices, etc. Security agencies globally are striving hard to combat these threats but fail to keep pace with their rising complexity and variety. Artificial Intelligence (AI), which heralded the growth of smart cognitive systems in the last decade, gives hope to cybersecurity agencies to contain cyber threats. This thesis is a step in this direction. The work done in this thesis is at the intersection of AI and Cybersecurity. The following two sections, 1.1 and 1.2, describe the broad areas covered in the thesis, Cybersecurity, and AI, respectively. Subsequent sections describe the research gaps (1.3), the main contribution of the thesis (1.5), and the thesis organization (1.6).

Dear Islamic brothers! How fortunate we are as Allah hasblessed us with the favour of Jumu'a-tul-Mub¿rak for the sakeof His Beloved Ras¿l. Regretfully, like otherordinary days, we spend even Friday heedlessly whereas it is aday of Eid, it is superior to all other days, the fire of Hell is not blazed up on Friday and the gates of Hell are not opened onFriday night. On the Day of Resurrection, Friday will be broughtin the form of a bride; the fortunate Muslim dying on Fridayattains the rank of martyrdom and remains safe from the tormentof the grave.

Nature has blessed us with various herbs. Even though it is a fact that we are exposed to lots of chemicals persistent in our environment that instigate damage to our body functions, but when we consume herbs the body begins to decontaminate and gets purified. Herbal cure is not transient it has a long term approach and align the body functions. The natural content of herbs has no side effects rather supplement body with other essential nutrition as well. Hair being the most imperative part of the body requires immense care as they are the most noticeable part of the physical appearance. Among all the products available in market it has been found that hair oils are most trusted and dependable product for hair care. Hair oiling is the best ever known method of hair care as an alternative for many other products and treatments available. If used regularly and without any gaps in the knowledge about the ingredients and herbs used, it restores beauty and health of hair. There are wide ranges of herbs present in nature that can be incorporated in hair oils along with their beneficial effects that can reinstate nourishment in hair. Ayurveda is known to be originated in India around 3000 years ago since then it has ruled to be the most dependable form of health care exclusive or inclusive of modern medicine. In Indian ancient Sanskrit, the word "sneha" means "to oil," as well as "to love", that clearly indicates the hair oil connectivity with hair care. As the herbs have both preventive and curative effect therefore the usage scope increases. The herbs along with their potential details are enlisted in Ayurveda Pharmacopeia of India, various text books and other literature source such as journals and online research papers. During the extensive study of literature it has been found that even most of modern medicine is also derived from plants. Although the modern medicine has provided various solutions to the hair issues and market is flooded with multiple brands providing various products in the form of hair tonics, hair shampoos, hair conditioners, hair oils, hair masks, nutrients pill, hair dyes etc. still the customer satisfaction is not there as maximum products have steroids or harmful ingredients that causes side effects.

Mes chers frères Islamiques! Quelle chance d'avoir reçu de la partd'Allâh cette bénédiction qu'est Joumou'atou l-Moubârak1par amour pour Son Prophète Bien-Aimé Malheureusement nous passons ce jour comme les autres joursde la semaine, dans l'insouciance alors que c'est un jour de 'Îd2. Ilest le plus élevé de tous les autres jours, le feu de l'Enfer n'est pasalimenté le vendredi et les portes de ce dernier ne sont pas ouvertesle vendredi soir. Le Jour de la Résurrection, le vendredi apparaîtrasous la forme d'une jeune mariée ; le Musulman qui a la chance demourir un vendredi atteint le rang des martyrs et sera préservé duchâtiment de la tombe

The book "Evaluation of the Hair Growth Promoting Activity of Herbal Formulations in Rodent Models" focuses on the study of the effectiveness of herbal formulations in promoting hair growth in rodent models. The author of this book seeks to understand how various herbal ingredients impact hair growth and how they can be combined to create effective hair care products. The research presented in this book is conducted using a rodent model, which allows for controlled experimentation and a more in-depth examination of hair growth processes. The author evaluates the hair growth promoting activity of different herbal formulations, including individual ingredients and combination formulations, to determine the most effective approach to hair care. This book provides valuable insights into the science of hair growth and the potential for herbal-based treatments to promote hair growth, making it a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, and hair care professionals.

This book delves into the impact of combining yogic practices with acupuncture and without acupuncture on risk factors in menopausal women. Through a systematic review of relevant studies and trials, the book explores the effectiveness of these practices in mitigating common menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, mood swings, and sleep disturbances. The book also provides a comprehensive guide to yogic practices and acupuncture techniques, and covers important aspects such as patient selection, treatment planning, and safety. Whether you are a healthcare professional, a practitioner of alternative medicine, or simply interested in reducing risk factors in menopause, this book offers a scientifically grounded and evidence-based approach to the use of yogic practices and acupuncture for menopausal women.

The Book entitled "Analysis of recurrent pregnancy loss during first trimester - a genetic, hormonal and molecular study" has been meticulously segregated into five chapters according to the order mentioned below.Review Of Literature consists of general introduction to recurrent pregnancy loss comprising the incidence and etiology associated with RPL followed by a. comprehensive literature review with respect to RPL.Chapter 1 entitled "Establishment and analysis of Genetic Registries and Pedigree Analysis to study the pattern of inheritance" constitutes thebasic information regarding age, domicile, medical history, family history, reproductive history and lifestyle factors collected through genetic registry from cases and control group and its association with RPL.Chapter 2 entitled 'Analysis of variations in the hormonal profile by ELISA" reports the association of variation in the hormonal profile carried out through ELISA not only in the luetal phase but also in the follicular phase and it association with RPL.Chapter 3 entitled "Chromosomal analysis through karyotyping and G-banding" which comprises a comprehensive result of the chromosomal aberrations through the analysis of G banded karyotypes carried out in both case and control group.Chapter 4 entitled "Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism in CYP1A1and eNos gene" consists of two sections. Section I include molecular investigation of single nucleotide polymorphism in CYP1A1and eNos gene through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The obtained results were further analysed with the help of bioinformatics tools to analyze any variation and its association with RPL which is documented in Section II .Discussion and Conclusions followed by summary of the book, implications and the future prospects of the study undertaken. The book ends with complete literature cited in the book followed by list of research publications, presentations, workshop and conferences attended.

All praise be to Allah Rabbul Alameen are for and blessings and salutations be descended on our prophet Muhammad who is the last messenger And the last one is Rasool. Undoubtedly Islam is the best of all religions. perfect, best of all, best of all and last religion Is. And pure intelligence will soon make this religion accepts, because within this religion Variety of excellence, features, policies and There are virtues that were not there before this (Islam) Not found in religions.

This book explores the scientific evidence for the role of acupuncture and acupressure in treating various diseases. It presents an in-depth examination of the principles and practices of acupuncture and acupressure, and analyzes the results of clinical trials and studies on their effectiveness. The book also provides an overview of the history and development of these ancient therapies and their place in modern medicine. Whether you are a healthcare professional, a practitioner of acupuncture or acupressure, or simply interested in alternative medicine, this book offers a comprehensive and scientifically grounded guide to the use of acupuncture and acupressure in treating diseases.Additionally, the book delves into the mechanisms of action behind these therapies and explains how they work to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and improve overall health. It also covers various aspects of patient care, including selection of points, needling techniques, and precautions. With its focus on the scientific basis of acupuncture and acupressure, this book serves as a valuable resource for healthcare professionals, students of traditional medicine, and anyone seeking to understand the role of these therapies in treating diseases. Whether you are seeking to deepen your knowledge or improve your practice, this book provides a comprehensive and evidence-based approach to acupuncture and acupressure.

This book is suitable for the young, but it is also good for adults.It includes verses of the Qur'an, statements by the Prophet (peace be upon him), or advice based on whateminent scholars have written.I have chosen short hadiths so that they can be easily memorized.They address a variety of subjects so that they will give great benefit I provide an index listing the texts of the hadiths, or theirbeginnings, to help with memorization and revision.My primary purpose in compiling this selection is to makeit easy for young Muslims to memorize. Therefore, I suggestthat programs and competitions should be organized inhomes, schools and other places for such memorizationI urge parents to first this book with their sons and daughters or with their students to learn the correctpronunciation of each hadith. They should also teachthem the Islamic manners highlighted by the hadiths

At present, project management is facing a lot of contextual changes, such as rapid changes in the modern consumer's desires, inflation in world economies, growing consumer awareness and consumer protection movements. The changes require proper solutions, which care for consumer needs and the public interest while achieving the business aim of profit-making. Seeking easy solutions for marketing problems aggravates matters due to the complexity of consumer behavior and the intricacy of related factors. In addition, management often suffers from lack of relevant information necessary for proper decision-making. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the intricacies of behavior motives, calculate the costs of alternative marketing strategies and gather the information needed for competent decision-making. These requirements are considered essential for modern management.

The blessings, gifts, and favors of Allaah uponHis creation:Man lives in the shade of Allaah's numerous and perfect blessingsas he wallows in His expansive favor.These blessings are too abundant to be counted. To demonstratethe abundance of His blessings, He revealed Surat "An-Nahl" [The Bees],which is also called "an-Ni'am" [The Blessings]. Allaah The Almighty Says(what means): {If you count the blessing of Allah, you will not reckon it.}[Quran 16:18]. He also Says (what means): {They recognize the blessingof Allah, then they deny it, and most of them are ungrateful...} [Quran16:83]What then are the most manifest of these divine gifts whichAllaah bestowed upon His slaves, thereby favoring them, and whichnone are able to do or give except Allaah?The blessing of an upright creationAllaah The Almighty Created the father of mankind, Adam,sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, , with His hands to honor him, andHe created him in the best of stature.Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {Indeed, We have createdman in the best of stature.} [Quran 95:4], and He infused life into himwith His spirit. He commanded the angels to prostrate in his honor andwith esteem for his offspring, as He The Almighty also Says (what means):{When your Lord said to the angels, "I am forming a man out of clay, sowhen I have completed him and infused life into him with My Spirit,then fall down before him in prostration." All of the angels thenprostrated-all together-but not Iblees. He was arrogant and was ofthe disbelievers. He said, "O Iblees! What prevented you fromprostrating for what I have created with My Hands? Are you arrogantor are you of the haughty?"} [Quran: 71-75]Then to complete the blessing upon man, He created his spousewith whom he could share his solitude. Allaah The Almighty Says aboutthis (what means): {He is who created you from one soul and made of itits mate, that he may dwell in comfort with her} until {they supplicatedAllaah their Lord, saying: If You give us one upright, we shall be of thegrateful.} [Quran 7:189]. Al-Qurtubi, May Allaah Have mercy upon him,, the exegete, said in his Tafseer:The meaning of 'upright' is that he will be a complete childwithout any deformities.Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {He who created you, thenfashioned you, then proportioned you.} [Quran 82:7], i.e. He made youproportionate with a complete form.

All praise is due to Allah, Subhanahu wa ta`ala, the Sustainerof the worlds. I pray that His peace and blessings descend uponthe Most Noble of all the Messengers of Allah, MuhammadBin Abdullah, sallallahu 'Alaihi wa salam, his family and companions.Whenever the orbit turns and another month of Ramadan approaches,happiness and joy return to the Ummah, for with itcome two of the greatest gifts of Allah, namely the fastingmonth of Ramadan and the celebration of the revelation of AlQur'an.Fasting is an eloquent expression of Allah, leading this Ummahto the gates of His mercy, a key to unlocking the mysteries ofHis nearness. While humanity is divided on the basic elementsof the notion of the Creator, a Muslim is far ahead of the rest ofthe world in this field and travelling at the speed of light to theneighborhood of the Throne of the Creator. Where else wouldyou find a discipline that provides direct communication betweenthe servant the Served? Where else would you have anact of 'Ebadah that enriches self-worth, self-strength, selfrebuilding,self discipline and control? Where else would onefind a discipline that moves the believer from unauthentic toauthentic as the institution of fasting? Where else would youfind a discipline that enriches the vital needs of human being,both physical and spiritual? Praise be to Allah!The institution of Fasting is a unique form of worship prescribedas part of an overall system of Islam. Its uniquenessmirrors the uniqueness of the human being, a creature of physicaland spiritual parts whose excellence depends on the rightproportion of these two parts. Too much of the physical materialwill ruin man, and too much of the spiritual will, too. Fast4ing orients the observer to the art of balancing the spiritual essentialswith physical needs, a vivid proof that there is in all ofus the will power, a pivotal element that controls our actions.This will be needed to help us curb the animalistic tendenciesoriginating from the stomach, in full. Therefore, ESSENTIALS of RAMADAN, THE FASTINGMONTH is a summary of the fundamental rules and laws onthe Fiqh of Fasting, based on Al-Qur`an and the Sunnah of theMessenger (saas) to assist the reader in observing this special'Ebadah of worship, as well as the traditionally related dutiesand obligations as mentioned earlier, Zakat and the reading ofAl-Qur`an. All praise be to Allah the Most High in the beginningand in the end.

Today, more than ever, individuals ¿¿¿¿nd themselves in desperate needof guidance, and by extension, in need of a guide to make sense of life.Over the ages, Allah, The Almighty, has sent different Prophets and Messengersto guide humanity and to provide answers to the questions confrontingman. The most important features of their mission was to explainthe Divine laws and exemplify Divine wisdom, and thus, serve asrole-models to their nations.Prophet Muhammad, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, the last Messengerof Allah, was unique in that he was not sent to a particular nation, butto humankind as a whole. As with every other Prophet, the focus of hismessage was that of obedience to Allah through acts of worship in wordand deed.Through his personal example and guidance, the Prophet, sallallaahu'alayhi wa sallam, presented humanity with a superior way of life that wasfounded on the worship of Allah and the beautiful values that this entails.Due to his exceptional conduct and exemplary way of dealing with others,Prophet Muhammad, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, conquered heartsand minds, and his message gained ascendancy over all other nations andreligious denominations. The spread of the guidance brought by ProphetMuhammad, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, is tangible proof that he wastruly an example to be followed, for such immensely positive in¿¿¿¿uencehas not been the lot of any other individual throughout the history of theworld.The Prophet's unique and remarkable success is often categorized asa personal achievement, but the reality is that it is a sign of his being divinelyguided. Yes, he was a remarkable human being, but the impact ofhis teachings was a direct result of his being guided by Allah in all he saidand did.Allaah sent His Messenger Muhammad, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, toall of creation as a witness, a bringer of glad tidings of Paradise to thosewho accept the Path he calls to and a warner against the wrath of Allaah.He sent him to invite to the religion of Allaah, by His permission, and asan illuminating lamp to light the Path of survival, the Path of Allaah.Allaah sent him with guidance and mercy and the true religion, andto guide people to what results in their happiness in this world and theHereafter. This is the reward for those who believe in him, love him andfollow his path, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam.The Prophet of Allaah, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, conveyed the messageand advised the nation, and struggled and sacri¿¿¿¿ced for the sake ofAllaah. We ask Allaah to reward him for having conveyed the messagethat guided us to the Path of Allaah.When reading this book, one will frequently come across the term "sallallaahu'alayhi wa sallam", and we feel obliged to clarify a few matterspertaining to this term.Its meanin¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿The term consists of two parts, one part is Salaah which is in the part "sallallaahu"and the second part is "Salaam" which is in the part "wa sallam".These two terms are a form of supplication and prayer for ProphetMuhammad, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam.According to the predominant opinion, the ¿¿¿¿rst part means: To ask Allaahto exalt his mention. In other words we ask Allaah to honor, glorifyand raise his rank and exalt his mention because we (as humans) cannotpraise him enough to ful¿¿¿¿ll his due right upon us (for having conveyedthe message that guided us to the Path of Allaah).

Human rights in Islamic civilizationIntroductionWestern philosopher Nietzsche says: The weak and failures should perish:first principle of our love of humanity. And they should be helped to do this[1]!But the philosophy of Islam and its law have never deviated from the values andethics, which were represented in a set of rights that included all human beingswithout distinction between colors, races or languages, and also included thehuman behavior in dealing with each other. These values and ethics were alsorepresented in maintaining and applying these rights with the authority ofIslamic law and imposing sanctions upon offenders.Islam¿s view for humansIslam treats man with honor and esteem out of Allah¿s saying: {We havehonored the sons of Adam; provided them with transport on land and sea;given them for sustenance things good and pure; and conferred on them specialfavors, above a great part of our creation.}[Al-Isra: 70]. This view gives specialcharacteristics and features for human rights in Islam. The most importantfeature is the comprehensiveness of these rights.These rights include political,economic, social and intellectual rights. They are also common for Muslims andnon-Muslims without distinction between colors, races or languages. They arenot subject to cancellation or change, as they are linked to the teachings of theLord of the worlds.The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) reported this in his farewelladdress, which was a comprehensive report on human rights, as he said: ...No doubt, your blood and your properties are sacred to one another like thesanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours, till theday you meet your Lord..[2]. This prophetic address asserted a set of rights,the most important of which is the sanctity of blood, money, honor, and others

All praise is for Allah, Lord of the worlds, Originator of the heavens andthe earth, Former of darkness and light. I testify that there is no deityworthy of worship except Allah, alone without partner; and I testify thatMuhammad, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, is His slave andmessenger. O Allah, send prayers, peace and blessings upon Muhammadthe prophet - the seal of the prophets and messengers. And O Allah, sendprayers, peace and blessings upon his wives, his pure and distinguishedhousehold, his honorable companions, and whoever follows his guidance,sunnah and footsteps until the Day of Judgment.Indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, sent the seal of His prophets andmessengers - Muhammad, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him -with Islam as a religion that comprises: pure beliefs, guiding rituals, uprightlegislations, lofty teachings, rational directives; that invites to honorablemanners and wise relations, commands every good and forbids every evil,and invites to knowledge, learning and human advancement in everyaspect of life.The early Muslims worked earnestly in executing Islam's teachings,seeking to please Allah, Glorified and Exalted, and it was a cause for theirprogress, advancement and civilization, as well as the spread of Islam'smessage (nearly 1400 years ago) to all the corners of the earth (Asia,Africa, Europe) and subsequent entering of Islam by people in drives, in thecourse of only a few years. And indeed the Muslim scholars at that time -and even up until our modern era - had lofty achievements and luminousinventions and discoveries in different scientific fields, all acknowledged byspecialists in those sciences.5Islam's Teachings And How They Solve Past and Current Problems-What we wish to shed light upon in this concise treatise, which isrevealed in its title "Islam's Teachings and How They Solve Past and CurrentProblems," is what these two questions clarify in the following manner:1- How did the principles that are in agreement with Islam's loftyteachings and directives lead to the advancement - and certainly theprogress and civilization - of the many nations that were working toachieve advancement? This will be answered by mentioning examples ofthose teachings and directives.2- What comes after advancement and progression? Or, to be moreprecise: What is lacking in those nations that work to achieveadvancement, and what are they in need of in order to be crowned withthis advancement and by which they could resolve their current problems?I ask Allah, Blessed and Exalted, to except our righteous deeds from usand multiply them for us; to open the hearts of His slaves to our cause andmake it the reason for the guidance of His creation to Him. Certainly He,Glorified and Exalted, is the Helper towards that and Able to do it.

Praise be to Allah, the One Whom we ask for assistance and forgiveness.We ask for Allah's refuge to secure us from our own evil selves, ourwrong doings, and misdeeds; for whomever Allah, His Almighty guidesand leads will never go astray, and whomever Allah, His Almightymisleads will never find the right path. I, also, testify that there is no Godbut Allah, the Only, who has no partner, and I testify that Muhammad isHis prophet and His slave At the Beginning of the Road: Paradise was the GoalI was on the first steps of the path, the path of Islam, which was at myearly youth, gratitude and praise be to Allah. I used to consider paradiseas the place that I should be working for. Probably, not only my hope, butalso my feelings were that I deserved it! I had the feeling that the mereidea of hell and the thought of escaping from it was not applicable to aperson of my hard work and prayers, for such a person as I am does notbelong there, by Allah's will, and will not enter it. Therefore, such aperson does not have to fear it or to keep on asking Allah to save himfrom it. However, If he does so, then he is only following prophet Muhammad, Allah's peace and blessings be on him, and imitating him,who himself asks to be saved from Hell, with the assurance that he is notone of its inhabitants. I have often felt, when I used to ask for Allah'sforgiveness, that I haven't committed deeds that call for a so long regret,or a so much sorrow; Allah has enabled me to give up, and apologize forthe sin that I have committed. This is repentance enough Muhammad, Allah's peace and blessings be on him, and imitating him,who himself asks to be saved from Hell, with the assurance that he is notone of its inhabitants. I have often felt, when I used to ask for Allah'sforgiveness, that I haven't committed deeds that call for a so long regret,or a so much sorrow; Allah has enabled me to give up, and apologize forthe sin that I have committed. This is repentance enough Comprehending the Meaning of SinA number of items caused me to go over my previous thoughts and lookat the subject from a new perspective. The first reason that awakened myawareness of my previous perceptions concerning heaven and hell, at thestart of my path, was my understanding of the meaning of sin, and thatdisobeying Allah was an enormous matter. One of the reasons oftriggering such an understanding was a sentence by a virtuous man thatsays: "Do not think of how small the sin is, but think of whom you havedisobeyedI have found the proof of the previous sentence in the qualities ofthe references and holly names of Allah, indicating His perfection, Hisgifts, and His generosity upon His creatures. His right, also, to be trulyfeared, obeyed and not revolted against, thanked and not denied the rightto be worshipped, and to be remembered and not forgotten. Who could perform all of those obligations, as they should be? I found out that Allah,His Almighty, warns His creatures of His punishment, and punishes forsins, tiny or great. I became certain that Allah's rights over His creaturesare mightier and bigger than all the duties He asks from them, and that allare subjects to His Mercy and ready at His orders, and that His Almighty Why Is Sin a Serious CrimeSin is indeed very great in itself for it is a rejection to an orderfrom God the One and Only, the Creator of the skies and earth, theCreator of everything. He is the God and the Owner of everything. He isthe One to whom everything else is a subject. To Him everything is baseand low. He is the Domineering over His creatures.

Comprehensive Du'aa' by Khaled Abdul rahman al jeraisy who is known for his righteouss and scholarly research .May allah grant him support and success in his endeavours comprehensive Duaa contains from beneficial supplications selected from the Quran and sound Hadiths.¿¿¿¿

Introduction by Fawwaaz Ahmad az-ZumarleePart One: A Brief Note on Usoolus-SunnahThe Foundations of the SunnahPart Two: The Sunnah upon which the Messenger of AllaahdiedPart Three: A Description of the Believer from Ahlus-Sunnahwal-Jamaa'ahChapter One : The Life and Trials of Imaarn AhmadChapter Two : On the Meaning of Eemaan - A Refutation ofthe Mu'tazilah of TodayChapter Three : Some Sayings from the Salaf ConcerningAllaah's Attributes and their Consensus Concerning theFalsehood of Ta'weel - A refutation of the Ash'ariyyahChapter Four : Affirming the Attributes of Allaah with theirDhaahir (Apparent) and Haqeeqi (Real) Meaning and aRefutation that the Way of the Salaf was Allegedly Tafweedh- A Refutation of the MufawwidahChapter Five : The Consensus of the Salaf from among theCompanions of Allaah's Messenger on the Prohibition ofReviling the Rulers and Publicizing their Faults, be theyRighteous or Sinful - A Refutation of the Khawaarij- 3 -Chapter Six : The Distinguishing Signs of Ahlus-SunnahChapter Seven : The Distinguishing Signs of Ahlul-Bid'ah(the People of InnovationChapter Eight : On the Prohibition of Sitting with the Peopleof Innovation; Listening to them, Arguing with them, ToAbandon them and those who Associate with them.Chapter Nine - On the Necessity of Accepting the AhadeethReported by Reliable and Trustworthy Narrators Mentioningthe Attributes of Allaah - A Refutation against the RationalistSchool of ThoughtChapter Ten - The Ahadeeth of Abul-l-lasan al-Ash'aree anda Refutation of the Ash'ariyyahGlossary of Arabic Terms