Bøger udgivet af IntechOpen

Façade design is a challenging task, in which multidisciplinary issues and aspects should be optimally considered and addressed. This is especially the case of building façades exposed to seismic events, impacts, or fire. Special attention and major efforts are required for the detection and application of new technologies in the generation of modern, adaptive façade systems. This book presents a selection of research contributions to provide a comprehensive overview of façade design. It discusses the experimental analysis and numerical investigation of existing or traditional façades, as well as the development and optimal application of new technologies for modern adaptive façades and building envelopes.

Unlock the future of global economics and business with New Topics in Emerging Markets. This captivating edited volume is your gateway to understanding the dynamic forces shaping economies on the rise. Delve into critical themes like financial resilience in times of crisis, the impact of technology in Sub-Saharan Africa, the evolving landscape of education in the metaverse, and much more. With diverse insights from leading minds, this book explores the intricacies of banking, innovation ecosystems, leadership in sports, and the ever-changing realm of e-commerce in a Web3 world. Gain a deeper understanding of emerging markets and their pivotal role in the global landscape. Whether you are a seasoned expert or just starting your journey in economics and business, this book offers a thought-provoking and accessible exploration of the challenges and opportunities that define the future. Don¿t miss your chance to stay ahead of the curve ¿ grab your copy today and embark on a journey into the heart of emerging markets.

New Prospects of Maize stands at the forefront of agricultural literature, offering an incisive look into the evolution and future pathways of maize cultivation. This volume distills cutting-edge research and progressive methodologies into a compelling narrative on enhancing maize¿s role in global food security and sustainability. It traverses critical topics such as genetic diversity, technological advancements in farming practices, and the sophisticated science of genomics, reflecting a commitment to agricultural innovation. Essential for academics, industry experts, and policymakers, this book is a vital tool for anyone invested in the sustainable development of one of the world¿s most important cereal crops. With its forward-looking perspectives, New Prospects of Maize is not only a repository of knowledge but also a guide to fostering resilience in a changing agricultural landscape.

Modern railways are no longer the sole forte of civil and mechanical engineering. They now involve a broad range of multidisciplinary engineering domains from advanced computing, digital telecommunications, and networking to big data analytics and even artificial intelligence. Among the emerging technologies and innovations in railways, hyperloop transportation systems employing magnetic propulsion, hydrogen-powered trains, and autonomous intelligent systems in the control and command subsystems of railways have significant potential to improve the performance of railways in terms of speed, service availability, comfort, sustainability, and potentially safety. These innovations will also help mitigate carbon emissions. This volume presents the latest research on railway engineering and transportation and discusses the practices and processes involved in shaping modern railways.

Welcome to the world of Oxytocin and Social Function, an in-depth exploration of the powerful role of this neuropeptide in shaping our social behaviors and interactions. The book delves into the rich and complex relationship between oxytocin and our social functions. Featuring contributions from leading experts in the field, this book offers a comprehensive understanding of oxytocin¿s role in our social lives. It goes beyond the laboratory to explore the hormone¿s potential in real-world applications. The book also highlights recent research on oxytocin¿s role in enhancing empathy, reducing stress, and promoting overall well-being. With this book, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the intricate workings of oxytocin and how it shapes our social behaviors and relationships. Oxytocin and Social Function is a must-read for anyone interested in human behavior, psychology, neuroscience, or the ever-growing field of oxytocin research. Turn the page and embark on a captivating journey into the hidden potentials of oxytocin and its transformative effects on our social function.

Vitamin B is a water-soluble vitamin that plays important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. Many foods contain B vitamins, including meat, poultry, and fish, among others. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties that can be found in vegetable oils, cereals, meat, poultry, eggs, and fruits. Both vitamins B and E are important for human health. This book provides a comprehensive overview of vitamins B and E. It is organized into three sections on the role of vitamin B on body health and gut flora, vitamin B deficiency and its association with the disease pellagra, and the medicinal significance and complications associated with vitamin E deficiency.

Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a sacred tree and noble resource from South America. The Mayans and other early civilizations in Central America used cacao beans as tokens, which were subsequently transported to Europe to nurture monarchies and elites. Based on the discovery of cacaös commercial potential and attributes, new cocoa plantations were established in other parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. Thus, cocoa has become an important cash crop in Africa, Central and South America, and Asia, where it is a major foreign exchange earner, industrial raw material, support for livelihood, and ecosystem services provision. Based on its global importance, there has been an increased need for the expansion of cultivation to meet the rising demand for cacao beans. Global environmental change, including climate change, variability, and weather extremes, has established new environmental boundaries with implications for area suitability for cocoa production and sustainability. Efforts to unlock the potentials of the established environmental boundaries may be built on the development and adoption of agrotechnological practices and integration of climate resilience for harnessing opportunities and potentials of the new environment, and thus, extension of the frontiers of cacao cultivation to meet the increasing global demand for cocoa beans. This book, ¿Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma Cacao - Opportunities and Challenges for Production¿ presents a comprehensive perspective of the interactions of changing environmental conditions, cocoa production, and sustainability. The book illuminates the challenges climate change presents for cocoa production and sustainability. It provides insights into the need for cocoa actors within the cocoa sector to strengthen climate mitigation and resilience building and to come to grips with the realities, magnitude, and inevitable persistence of climate challenges to cocoa production and sustainability.

Salmonella is a Gram-negative bacterium and a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that causes infections in humans and animals, making it one of the most common causes of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Since its discovery in the late 1800s, significant progress has been made in the understanding of its genetics, classification, pathogenesis, detection, prevention, control, and treatment. Numerous reviews and chapters on Salmonella have been published, but some gaps remain to be addressed. This book includes seven chapters that focus on the low-cost prevention, control, and treatment of salmonellosis in developing countries. It begins with a brief review of Salmonella, followed by chapters on the transmission of the organism in food and companion animals relevant to the One Health approach, CRISPR-Cas systems in Salmonella for pathogen typing in diagnosis and surveillance, the low-cost control of Salmonella using solar disinfection of water in resource-limiting communities, and transmission and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella across the One Health sector. This book also introduces a new concept of AMR reversal using traditional Chinese medicine. The information provided in this book will encourage Salmonella researchers, medical professionals, and students to further enhance their own research and education as well as encourage new researchers to include Salmonella in their future research initiatives.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of ataxia, a common neurological disorder that affects all ages. It can manifest in children when they start to sit and walk and under a specific form of genetic disease and in the elderly through falls that worsen with age. In general, ataxia consists of the involuntary lack of coordination of muscle movements, which mainly presents as abnormalities in gait, changes in speech (e. g., scanning speech), and abnormal eye movements such as nystagmus. It results from dysfunction of the nervous system areas responsible for the coordination of movements and, most commonly, the cerebellum and its connections to the cerebrum and periphery. The book is organized into three sections and six chapters that address such topics as genetic conditions, childhood-onset ataxia, ataxia and multiple sclerosis, therapeutic interventions, and more.

This book is a unique collaboration of international healthcare providers discussing and addressing contemporary issues in postnatal care. Its discussion spans low-, middle-, and high-income countries. It addresses barriers and challenges to providing optimal postnatal care, suggesting interventions, support strategies, and recommendations. These include empowering women economically and socially, providing education, training healthcare professionals, and establishing healthcare infrastructure to improve access and utilization of postnatal care for families worldwide.

This book includes six chapters covering new vortex theories, vortex identification methods, and vortex simulation and applications. Vortices are ubiquitous in the universe and include tornados, hurricanes, airplane tip vortices, polar vortices, and even star vortices in the galaxy. Vortices are also building blocks, muscles, and sinews of turbulent flows. This book is useful for researchers in hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, thermodynamics, oceanography, meteorology, metallurgy, civil engineering, astronomy, biology, and more. It is also useful for research on the generation, sustenance, modeling, and controlling of turbulence.

Water quality is a major concern worldwide. With the increasing population and rapid industrialization, water quality is suffering. Water quality instruction in many colleges and universities tends to focus on the chemical, biological, and physical quality of water, quality management of marine and freshwater ecosystems, treatment strategies for water bodies for urban and domestic use, waterborne infectious diseases, and indicator bacteria of pollution. This book presents a comprehensive overview of water quality along with a series of solutions and recommendations detailing global treatment strategies for water pollution. It is a useful resource for students at all levels as well as researchers and industry experts in the domains of fisheries, forestry, geology, nutrition, and agriculture.

This book presents a comprehensive overview of density functional theory (DFT), from its basics to its practical application and implementation. It also discusses the breakthroughs in the field and the complete integration of physical and chemical aspects. It examines both orbital and time-dependent functions along with their variations according to semiquantitative analysis. The book also discusses analytical and computational techniques and principles, considering the classical and quantum approaches. Also covered are important topics such as HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), MEP (minimum energy paths), KS-DFT (Kohn-Sham density functional theory), UHFD (Unrestricted Hartree-Fock-Dirac), and Gaussian methods.

Boron plays a pivotal role in the development of innovative boron-based materials, endowed with properties of paramount significance in both the manufacturing and performance aspects of numerous products crucial to modern society. Over the past few decades, there has been a burgeoning interest in boron, its compounds, and boron-based materials within the scientific and technological communities. This heightened attention stems from their exceptional potential applications across a wide spectrum of fields, spanning from materials science to biomedical research, owing to their remarkable characteristics. These extraordinary properties make them compelling candidates for a diverse array of applications in industry and everyday life. These applications encompass biotechnology, medicine (drug delivery systems and technologies, bioimaging systems, and radiation therapy), agriculture, radiation-shielding materials, capping agents, and mechanical strength, among others. However, despite extensive research, many aspects of boron¿s properties remain shrouded in mystery, presenting practical challenges. This book delves deep into the realm of boron-based nanomaterials, shedding light on their properties and providing an up-to-date overview of the latest breakthroughs in boron and its compounds. It offers insights into the industrial, medical, and everyday applications of boron-containing materials. The book is a comprehensive resource for seasoned professionals, scientists, and scholars in pursuit of cutting-edge technological advancements. Comprising research articles and reviews, it is an invaluable reference for both students and scholars engaged in the exploration of boron and boron-based materials.

This book discusses and addresses anomaly detection in the context of artificial intelligence and machine learning advancements. Building on the existing literature, this thorough and timely work is an invaluable resource. It highlights various problems, offers workable solutions to those problems, and allows academic and professional researchers and practitioners to engage in new technologies linked to anomaly detection. This book demystifies the challenges and presents solutions for detecting and understanding network anomalies. Whether you are a seasoned network professional or an enthusiast keen on cyber security, this volume promises insights that will fortify our connected futures. Join us in navigating the complexities of modern networks and championing a safer, more transparent digital era.

Comparative Literature - Interdisciplinary Considerations is a wide-ranging exploration of various aspects of comparative literature and cultural phenomena from different angles. The authors delve into intriguing topics such as literary tourism, biofiction, colonial/postcolonial literature, suspense in literature, and the interaction between different artistic mediums. For instance, the analysis of Gabriel García Márquez¿s works sheds light on the genres of magic realism and the Latin American boom, as well as how his literature influences literary tourism experiences. Another example is the study of Anna Enquist¿s work, which showcases the genre of biofiction and examines the complex messages conveyed through reconstructed voices and alternative perspectives, including the portrayal of Captain Cook¿s wife. This is compared with historical accounts of the 18th-century Ottoman Empire during Sultan Selim III¿s reign, as studied by Stanford Shaw in Between Old and New. The book also explores the theme of unease and suspense in Patricia Highsmith¿s writing, focusing on her iconic character Tom Ripley, known for his psychological depth and morally ambiguous nature. Additionally, discussions on colonial/postcolonial literature and the representation of women¿s restrictions from a historical perspective contribute to a better understanding of power dynamics, gender representation, and non-Western literature. Henri Fauconnier¿s Malaisie is analyzed in the context of ¿paracoloniality,¿ highlighting the transformative potential of Western texts and emphasizing overlooked aspects in discussions of colonial and postcolonial literature. The volume offers valuable insights into the representation of nations and historical figures through Malay and Persian travel narratives, as well as their influence on cultural identity. Moreover, the chapters explore the evolution of literary genres, the interconnectedness of literature with other art forms, and the impact of technological advancements on artistic expression. Overall, this book provides valuable perspectives on the rich tapestry of literature, art, and culture. It encourages scholars to explore diverse cultural expressions and fosters interdisciplinary dialogue within the field of comparative literature.

A urinalysis is a simple test that can help find urinary tract-related problems such as kidney disease. It can also pinpoint other serious problems not so closely related to kidneys, such as diabetes, liver disease, or even various cancers. Simply put, urine analyses may provide huge amounts of information to monitor a potential patient¿s condition. The history of analysis of urine for diagnostic purposes is quite long. It includes the detection of microbes as etiological agents of infection and the estimation of biochemical parameters such as glucose and protein concentration. Furthermore, the increase in the number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease or other ¿civilization diseases¿ such as diabetes, hypertension, or obesity manifests the need for effective tools for specific and sensitive diagnosis. This book summarizes the state of the art in diagnosing infectious and non-infectious diseases based on urine analysis. Additionally, it focuses on novel techniques and applications used in everyday laboratory urinalysis. The history of analysis of urine for diagnostic purposes is quite long. It includes the detection of microbes as etiological agents of infection and the estimation of biochemical parameters such as glucose and protein concentration. Furthermore, the increase in the number of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease or other ¿civilization diseases¿ such as diabetes, hypertension, or obesity manifests the need for effective tools for specific and sensitive diagnosis. This book summarizes the state of the art in diagnosing infectious and non-infectious diseases based on urine analysis. Additionally, it focuses on novel techniques and applications used in everyday laboratory urinalysis.

Biodiesel, the sustainable fuel of the future, holds the key to a cleaner, greener world. Advanced Biodiesel - Technological Advances, Challenges, and Sustainability Considerations takes you on a compelling journey through cutting-edge advancements in biodiesel technology, offering an unparalleled exploration of its production, refining, and transformative applications. This book unveils the collective wisdom and vision of pioneers in the field who are shaping the future of sustainable energy. Whether you are a seasoned researcher, an aspiring scientist, or simply an eco-conscious individual, this book is an invaluable resource to inspire and guide your efforts to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and pave the way for a more sustainable, environmentally responsible world. Discover the future of energy; embrace Advanced Biodiesel - Technological Advances, Challenges, and Sustainability Considerations today and join the movement towards a brighter, cleaner tomorrow.

In this edition of Genetic Algorithms - Theory, Design and Programming, we present a series of scientific contributions that delve into the intricate theoretical foundations and practical nuances of genetic algorithms (GAs). Beyond the academic realm, GAs have demonstrated profound applications in societal decision-making and engineering optimization, showcased through real-world examples and case studies. A dedicated section on programming principles offers a thorough guide for implementing GAs across diverse languages. This edition, tailored for researchers and academics, serves as a testament to the scientific advancements within the field, inviting readers to explore the nuanced journey from theoretical constructs to pragmatic applications in the dynamic landscape of GAs.

This book presents detailed fundamentals of surfactant systems and links these fundamentals to emerging perspectives in the field of surfactant science. Key topics include environmentally friendly surfactants, ionic liquid-based surfactants, chemically enhanced oil recovery, synergy of surfactants with clay minerals, and reactions in microheterogeneous surfactant systems. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and industry professionals.

We are often confronted with unknown events that plunge us into ignorance, unpredictability, and various hardships. In such situations, it is essential how fundamental human values and rights such as dignity, freedom, equality, and solidarity are protected. Ensuring human rights in contemporary society is a complex area described in this book from the perspective of conceptualising and defining human rights, institutional responses, and practices to protect human rights, ensuring social justice and equality in contemporary society. The book is a compilation of interdisciplinary and international experiences in researching human rights, responding to human rights violations, and ensuring the enforcement of rights at the level of the daily lives of individuals, communities, and society as a whole.

Lakes are among the most extensive freshwater aquatic ecosystems in the world. Their evolution results from the interactions of numerous natural and anthropogenic factors. This book includes 12 chapters and presents case studies on the impacts of changes and tectonic movements on the evolution of lake water levels (Section 1), the interactions between anthropogenic activities and the physicochemical characteristics of lakes (Section 2), and the limnological characteristics and their interactions with other components of the environment (Section 3).

Taeniasis and Cysticercosis/Neurocysticercosis - Global Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management is a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of these two closely related parasitic diseases. The book covers all aspects of taeniasis and cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis, from epidemiology and pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment. It also includes specific topics on the two Taenia species that infect humans, T. solium and T. saginata, and a third species, T. asiatica. This book is an essential resource for anyone wanting to learn more about taeniasis and cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis and how to prevent and control these diseases. It is written by leading experts in the field and includes the latest advances in epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control. This volume is a useful resource for a wide audience, including researchers, clinicians, public health professionals, and students.

Healthy and sustainable animal husbandry is the goal of animal breeding. This book provides a detailed overview of applications of post-genome era techniques for livestock genetics and breeding. It also describes techniques for genetically selecting highly productive animals without producing large amounts of greenhouse gas emissions, community-based breeding programs for breeding rams and bucks, the response of bovine species to in vitro thermal stress stimulation, and the semen characteristics of wool-breed ram lamb-raised in conditions of high altitude. The book not only presents advanced animal genetic and breeding methods but also highlights useful, practical technology for animal breeding under specific climate, geographic, and environmental conditions.

This book focuses on the growth of nanomaterials as thin films. It covers the recent development of thin films using different techniques, such as electrodeposition. It also discusses the widespread use of electrochemical and magnetic applications. This book brings together multidisciplinary chapters written by leading specialists in the field.

Unlock the secrets of the universe with Schrödinger Equation - Fundamental Aspects and Potential Applications. Delve into the heart of quantum mechanics, where matter, energy, and mathematics intertwine in a dance of profound discovery. This essential volume introduces you to the spectral theory of the Schrödinger equation, offering a sturdy foundation to explore its enigmatic depths. Discover the fascinating world of scattering theory, unraveling the intricacies of quantum interactions, while the principles of quantization and Feynman path integrals reveal the mechanics of quantum systems. With a fresh perspective, we explore relative entropy methods and transformation theory, unveiling their significance in crafting singular diffusion processes akin to Schrödinger equations. This well-organized and accessible book caters to a diverse audience, from students and researchers to professionals in functional analysis, probability theory, and quantum dynamics. Within these pages, yoüll uncover the profound wonders of the Schrödinger equation and its vast potential in science, engineering, and technology. Embark on a journey through the quantum cosmos and let your understanding of the universe expand as you explore the quantum realm. Welcome to a world where matter and energy dance to the tune of Schrödinger¿s equation, a world filled with infinite possibilities and extraordinary insights.

This cutting-edge book brings together experts in the field to provide a multidimensional perspective on sentiment analysis, covering both foundational and advanced methodologies. Readers will gain insights into the latest natural language processing and machine learning techniques that power sentiment analysis, enabling the extraction of nuanced emotions from text.Key Features: ¿State-of-the-Art Techniques: Explore the most recent advancements in sentiment analysis, from deep learning approaches to sentiment lexicons and beyond. ¿Real-World Applications: Dive into a wide range of applications, including social media monitoring, customer feedback analysis, and sentiment-driven decision-making.¿Cross-Disciplinary Insights: Understand how sentiment analysis influences and is influenced by fields such as marketing, psychology, and finance. ¿Ethical and Privacy Considerations: Delve into the ethical challenges and privacy concerns inherent to sentiment analysis, with discussions on responsible AI usage.¿Future Directions: Get a glimpse into the future of sentiment analysis, with discussions on emerging trends and unresolved challenges. This book is an essential resource for researchers, practitioners, and students in fields like natural language processing, machine learning, and data science. Whether yoüre interested in understanding customer sentiment, monitoring social media trends, or advancing the state of the art, this book will equip you with the knowledge and tools you need to navigate the complex landscape of sentiment analysis.

This book presents recent research on risk management in the construction industry. It consists of eight chapters, each of which contains valuable information on specified areas of risk management engineering. Topics addressed include identifying, analyzing, assessing, controlling, and monitoring risk for planning and construction stages; risk management methods used in the construction industry and case studies; risk management for buildings, dams, highways, railways, nuclear power plants, underground structures, energy facilities, and their appurtenant structures. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest information in risk management in the construction industry.

Extraction Metallurgy - New Perspectives explores the dynamic world of metallurgical processes and materials extraction. This volume offers fresh insight into the latest and cutting-edge research that will help both new learners and seasoned professionals. Authored by distinguished metallurgists and researchers, this book sheds light on the intricacies of metallurgical processes and their real-world applications, innovative approaches and methodologies that are reshaping the metallurgical landscape, and global perspectives on extraction metallurgy, presenting diverse case studies and examples from across the world. Written with the needs of researchers and non-native English speakers in mind, the book employs clear and concise language, making complex topics accessible to a wide audience. Extraction Metallurgy - New Perspectives is a must-read for students, academics, and professionals engaged in metallurgical research and industrial applications.

Computer Memory and Data Storage presents a comprehensive exploration of the intricacies of memory design, delving into the challenges and advanced techniques involved in optimizing power consumption, performance, reliability, and data integrity. The chapters provide a complete understanding of modern memory technologies, ranging from radiation-hardened memory for space applications to diverse memory designs and their trade-offs.