Bøger udgivet af Johns Hopkins University Press

How languages served as archives of local knowledge and a crucial resource for both the human and natural history of the Americas in the Spanish empire.In the sixteenth century, the conquest of the Americas exposed Spanish writers to previously unknown peoples and their many languages. The linguistic multiplicity of the new transatlantic empire presented enormous challenges both in terms of governance and religious conversion. Yet it also became a crucial resource for learning about the new territories' history, both natural and human. In The Cradle of Words, Valeria Lopez Fadul reveals that Spanish scholars, missionaries, and administrators treated the empire's multiple tongues-both at home and abroad-as rich archives of local knowledge. These linguistic resources were exploited alongside the Americas' vast mineral and natural wealth and Indigenous labor. In the process, Spanish scholars made language itself into an object of historical inquiry. Using a wide variety of sources, Lopez Fadul recreates the intellectual networks that crisscrossed Spain's overseas possessions and informed the imperial court's scholars. As linguistic information circulated among different kinds of scholars and local experts in Spain and in Spanish America, the history of language came to serve historical, political, and even legal arguments that were not originally linguistic in nature. By relying on varied methods like the collection of words, etymology, and the elaboration of linguistic genealogies, Spanish writers used the history of language to reconstruct the past, gain knowledge of nature, and explain the profound social transformations of their newly broadened world.

A historical and philosophical study of meridian charts in traditional Chinese medicine.Coming soon! Body Maps by Lan A. Li.

Part of the acclaimed Higher Ed Leadership Essentials series, this book surveys academic freedom's history and its application in today's universities.Academic freedom is once again at the epicenter of the crisis in higher education. A community college instructor in Iowa is pressured to resign after his pro-antifa social media comments garner vicious harassment that administrators find threatening to campus safety. A tenured biology professor at a college on Long Island is threatened with dismissal because she allegedly grades students too strictly. And in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, a conservative activist calls on his followers to take advantage of online classes to send "e;any and all videos of blatant indoctrination"e; to his organization so that it might expose and blacklist "e;leftist professors."e; These incidents from the 2019-20 academic year represent only the tip of the iceberg. Academic freedom, long heralded as a core value of American higher education, may now be in as much danger as at any time the 1950s. But what is "e;academic freedom"e;? A value upheld for one's supporters (but not one's opponents) when discussing a polarizing controversy? Or a narrow claim of privilege by a professorial elite, immune from public accountability?In this concise and compelling book, Henry Reichman, who chaired the American Association of University Professors' Committee on Academic Freedom and Tenure for nearly a decade, mounts a rigorous defense of academic freedom and its principal means of protection: the system of academic tenure. Probing academic freedom's role in multiple contexts, Reichman draws on a wealth of historical and contemporary examples to offer the first comprehensive introduction to the concept in all its manifestations. Elucidating its sometimes complicated meanings, Reichman argues that academic freedom-like its cousin, freedom of speech-cannot easily be defined but, instead, emerges from the contextual application of guiding principles developed and modified over time. He also explores why the rise of contingent faculty employment represents the gravest current threat to academic freedom; reveals how academic freedom is complicated by both fiercely polarized campus environments and the emergence of social media that extend speech beyond the lecture halls of the academy; and touches on the rights of students in and out of class, including treatment of student protest movements.

An essential guide to navigating global health careers with strategies for planning, networking, skill mastery, and achieving personal and professional goals.Coming soon! The Global Health Career, by Sharon K. Rudy.

How exceptional low-income students navigate and pursue opportunity in prestige-oriented universities at the personal cost of hunger.Beneath the veneer of prestige and promise, a hidden issue pervades the campuses of America's selective universities. In Starving the Dream, Nathan F. Alleman, Cara Cliburn Allen, and Sarah E. Madsen reveal the startling contradiction between the celebrated opportunities of these prestige-oriented institutions and the food insecurity that exceptional low-income students must navigate within environments of plenty. Through meticulous case study research, the authors leverage student and administrative interviews, observations, and official and "alternative" campus tours to uncover how normatively affluent universities are rife with expectations of extensive campus involvement and material displays of upper-middle class lifestyles. However, the visions of the ideal student experience are attainable to low-income students at the cost of either involvement or consistent food access. The authors provide a critical analysis of the social and symbolic meaning that food takes on in affluent universities where students are socialized into upper-middle-class lifestyle markers, such as gourmet coffee and branded campus clothing. The authors argue that administrators must better align services and support with the demands of a rigorous academic experience, as well as recognize students' innovative solution-making and incorporate their voices and agency in campus strategies. This expansive study challenges readers to reconsider the broader impacts of higher education's structures and priorities and urges a reevaluation of what full participation should look like in these resource- and opportunity-rich environments. Starving the Dream is an appeal to university leaders, campus administrators, and students themselves concerned with educational equity beyond mere access. It provides a blueprint for meaningful change that centers the knowledge of those experiencing and administrating food insecurity, such that the dreams of selective university attendance need not be deferred by student hunger.

On the transformative role of greed in global science and technology during the 1980s.In the 1980s, a transformative era emerged where profit-driven motives and an entrepreneurial spirit dominated scientific research and technological innovation. This collection of essays, edited by Michael D. Gordin and W. Patrick McCray, examines how greed reshaped the global scientific community through the relentless pursuit of money, fame, and celebrity. Profiting off science and technology was not a new phenomenon, nor were the soaring ambitions of some of its most fervent advocates. However, the global currents of knowledge production in the 1980s saw major cultural and scientific shifts: the increasing frequency of university patenting, the rise of academic entrepreneurship, and collaborations between industries and academia, for example. Greedy Science seeks to survey and understand the full range of these changes. Through insightful essays, contributors examine case studies ranging from the biotech boom-driven by early investments by oil firms-to the speculative market strategies in personal computing and alternative energy. This period saw the rise of the celebrity status of scientists and raised questions about the moral complexities of scientific greed. The authors argue that greed was an ever-present and expansive trait of science during this time, encompassing a host of other behaviors such as covetousness, acquisitiveness, rapaciousness, and conspicuous consumption. Greedy Science provides a nuanced analysis of how market dynamics and the quest for personal gain profoundly influenced scientific advancements and public perception during a pivotal decade in science and technology.

On the transformative role of greed in global science and technology during the 1980s.In the 1980s, a transformative era emerged where profit-driven motives and an entrepreneurial spirit dominated scientific research and technological innovation. This collection of essays, edited by Michael D. Gordin and W. Patrick McCray, examines how greed reshaped the global scientific community through the relentless pursuit of money, fame, and celebrity. Profiting off science and technology was not a new phenomenon, nor were the soaring ambitions of some of its most fervent advocates. However, the global currents of knowledge production in the 1980s saw major cultural and scientific shifts: the increasing frequency of university patenting, the rise of academic entrepreneurship, and collaborations between industries and academia, for example. Greedy Science seeks to survey and understand the full range of these changes. Through insightful essays, contributors examine case studies ranging from the biotech boom-driven by early investments by oil firms-to the speculative market strategies in personal computing and alternative energy. This period saw the rise of the celebrity status of scientists and raised questions about the moral complexities of scientific greed. The authors argue that greed was an ever-present and expansive trait of science during this time, encompassing a host of other behaviors such as covetousness, acquisitiveness, rapaciousness, and conspicuous consumption. Greedy Science provides a nuanced analysis of how market dynamics and the quest for personal gain profoundly influenced scientific advancements and public perception during a pivotal decade in science and technology.

An inside story of asbestos, death, and the fight for justice by thousands of South Africans against a multinational mining corporation intent on denying responsibility.For nearly 90 years, a British company called Cape used local labor to mine and mill asbestos in South Africa. Men, women, and children--some as young as seven--worked every day in clouds of asbestos dust that they carried home to their families, caked onto their skin, hair, and clothes. The appalling levels of disease and death in these communities caused by asbestos exposure were heartbreaking. In 1995, Richard Meeran, a young, English lawyer with African roots, embarked on a David and Goliath battle against the company and its top-tier legal team to hold them accountable. David Kinley's In a Rain of Dust tells the harrowing story of this international legal drama. Facing deep-pocketed opponents and a century of established legal precedent, Meeran's case before the UK courts seemed hopeless. But after nine years of painstaking investigation, agonizing setbacks, vaudevillian escapades, and unlikely champions, Meeran prevailed. Drawing on dozens of interviews with key players and countless hours poring over thousands of documents across three continents, Kinley reveals an epic tale of triumph and justice against all odds. He also highlights the profound political implications that victims faced in the newly post-Apartheid South Africa, where the case was widely seen as a test of racial as well as economic redemption.Asbestos mining in South Africa left a legacy of callous neglect, suffering, and corporate coverups. Working conditions in South Africa's asbestos mines and mills--described as a never-ending "rain of dust"--persisted for two decades after they had been outlawed in the UK and the United States. Meeran's case against Cape represented a turning point in making corporations pay for their human rights abuses overseas, and its impact helped launch the global corporate social responsibility movement that continues today.

An ICU nurse reveals how private equity ownership leads to preventable deaths and negligence in hospitals.In a country where health care is increasingly driven by profit, Margin Over Mission exposes the dire consequences of corporate ownership in hospitals. James Kelly, an ICU nurse with over two decades of experience, narrates a gripping account of his final year at Lovelace Women's Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico--a year marred by preventable deaths, administrative changes, and the heartbreaking loss of a once-mission-driven institution to the clutches of Wall Street. Kelly's poignant narrative takes readers on an emotional journey through the corridors of a hospital that once stood for community and care but became overshadowed by the relentless pursuit of profit. Through detailed anecdotes and critical analysis, Kelly reveals the stark reality of a health care system compromised by private equity, where decisions prioritize profit margins over the mission of saving lives. Kelly's unique perspective as an ICU nurse provides an insider's look into how private equity is wreaking havoc in hospitals around the country. His story is also a powerful tribute to the countless health care workers who struggle to maintain their integrity and compassion in an increasingly inhumane system that prioritizes money over people.

From TheConversation.com, a critical analysis of the tenuous future of higher education.Coming soon! The Conversation on Higher Ed, edited by Mary L. Churchill.

How the failure to protect incarcerated people from infections has led to preventable outbreaks--and how public health professionals can make a difference.In late 2019, Dennis Oya's persistent cough was just the beginning of a harrowing tale of neglect and systemic failure in a Washington prison. Diagnosed 18 months later with tuberculosis (TB), Oya's case sparked one of the largest prison TB outbreaks in decades, affecting over 3,000 contacts. This outbreak, and others like it, exposes the glaring weaknesses in prison healthcare systems. In Outbreak behind Bars, Homer Venters reveals the grim realities of how communicable diseases thrive in the overcrowded, unsanitary conditions of correctional facilities. From TB to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), these infections spread rapidly due to systemic neglect and inadequate medical responses. The book highlights the stories of those who suffered, the failures in health care provision, and offers specific guidance for public health professionals in conducting investigations and facility inspections during outbreaks behind bars. With firsthand accounts and expert analysis, this book illustrates the urgent need for reform in prison health care to protect incarcerated people and the wider community. Outbreak behind Bars is a crucial read for anyone concerned about justice, public health, and the overlooked plight of incarcerated people, especially students, faculty and professionals in the field of public health.

Zombies aren't just the stuff of nightmares. Explore the fascinating world of real-life insect zombification.Zombies are all around us--insect zombies, that is. In Rise of the Zombie Bugs, Mindy Weisberger explores the eerie yet fascinating phenomenon of real-life zombification in the insect class and among other invertebrates. Zombifying parasites reproduce by rewriting their victims' neurochemistry, transforming them into the "walking dead: " armies of cicadas, spiders, and other hosts that helplessly follow a zombifier's commands, living only to serve the parasite's needs until death's sweet release (and often beyond). Through vivid descriptions and captivating storytelling, Weisberger explains the sinister mechanics of nature's most cunning survival strategies, including the biological marvels and evolutionary intricacies behind zombie ants, mind-controlled beetles, and the fungi and viruses that reprogram their hosts' behavior. Blending scientific rigor with a flair for the macabre, Weisberger takes readers on a global journey--from Brazilian rainforests to European meadows--to uncover the dark secrets of parasitic manipulation. Her examination of these creatures seeks to answer fundamental questions of their existence: why is a bug's world full of zombies, why are arthropods so susceptible to this zombification, and could the creators of zombie bugs ever evolve to do the same to people? Perfect for fans of horror and science alike, Rise of the Zombie Bugs offers a chilling yet enlightening look at the hidden world of parasites. It's a must-read for anyone curious about the true terrors lurking in nature's undergrowth and the unnerving beauty of evolution's darker side.

Can networks unlock secrets of AI or make sense of a social media mess? A behind-the-scenes look at how networks reveal reality.According to mathematician Anthony Bonato, the hidden world of networks permeates our lives in astounding ways. From Bitcoin transactions to neural connections, his book explains how networks shape everything from political landscapes to climate patterns and how deceptively simple dots and lines can unveil the wonders of technology, society, and even nature. From a fresh and startling look at the true impact of clever keywords in politicians' social media posts to a fun breakdown of survival strategies in reality TV shows, Bonato shows us how network theory operates everywhere. Each chapter focuses on a unique aspect of networks to reveal how they provide a captivating lens for bringing diverse phenomena into clearer focus.The book offers an accessible snapshot of networks for anyone curious about what makes the modern world tick. Bonato's insights will give readers a deeper appreciation and understanding of networks and their relevance to our everyday lives.

"This work has a collection of short stories by an American novelist"--

This accessible guide teaches readers: Tools to cope with difficult emotions; Strategies to empower loved ones, including how to navigate the mental health system; Communication and limit-setting skills; Approaches to supporting loved ones who have experienced trauma or have PTSD; Ways to manage common challenges, such as alcohol or drug misuse, and when a loved one declines professional help; Strategies to support children; Skills to build personal resilience and strengthen relationshipsGrounded in science, empowering, and hopeful yet realistic, this book is an invaluable resource for family members, friends, and mental health professionals.

This book serves as a compass, guiding educators through the uncharted territory of AI-powered education and the future of teaching and learning.

The essential guide to living with orthostatic intolerance. Orthostatic intolerance (OI) describes a group of circulatory disorders whose symptoms are characterized by a dramatic drop in blood flow to the brain when people sit down or stand up. It is often associated with other acute issues, such as substantial drops in blood pressure, tachycardia, dizziness, and fainting, or long-term problems, such as chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, and "long COVID." Living Well with Orthostatic Intolerance is an indispensable guide for those diagnosed with the disorder, their families, and physicians. Written by Peter C. Rowe, MD, a pediatrician, researcher, and professor who directs the Chronic Fatigue Clinic at Johns Hopkins Children's Center, this guide explains:¿ The symptoms, causes, and different forms of OI¿ What a diagnosis of OI entails¿ How to manage OI symptoms using medications, physical therapy, and other treatments¿ How diet affects OIGuided by decades of research on managing and treating OI patients, Dr. Rowe provides illustrative case studies to help explain the disease and includes additional resources for further information.

A groundbreaking new history of global health from one of the greatest leaders in the field.In Change Is Possible, public health legend William H. Foege and five coauthors chronicle the failures and successes of global health through the modern age, including the massive impacts of colonialism, religious groups, philanthropies, politics, NGOs, and more.Foege, who has served in local, national, and international public health contexts-including as the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-is uniquely qualified to reflect on the history of global health. He and his Rollins School of Public Health coauthors explain why colonialism has been the greatest disaster for global health, whereas military medicine may have been its greatest asset. From the rapid development of NGOs to the impact of pharmaceutical companies over the last 35 years, to the hybrid programs that are now responsible for innovative contributions, the authors discuss multiple impacts on global health. In other chapters with coauthors Paul Elish, Alison Hoover, Madison Lee, Deborah Chen Tseng, and Kiera Chan, Foege explores additional essential topics such as the legacy of colonialism in global health, early philanthropy versus new philanthropy, and how to promote positive change. Foege also shares critical lessons from the smallpox campaign-a disease he helped eradicate-and how these historical lessons can be applied in global health work today.The book's research and reflections make this an essential book for students and readers interested in global health. In a narrative that is both deeply personal and universal, Foege shares lessons learned and personal experiences that craft a strikingly new history of global health.

Essential essays on the environmental impacts of factory farms on public health.The rapid--and relatively recent--concentration of food animal production into factory farms makes meat plentiful and cheap, but this type of agriculture comes at a great cost to human health and the environment. In Industrial Farm Animal Production, the Environment, and Public Health, editors James Merchant and Robert Martin bring together public health experts to explore the most critical topics related to industrial farm animal production.The environmental impacts of these concentrated animal-feeding operations endanger the health of farm and meatpacking workers, neighbors, and surrounding communities. Factory farms create public health hazards such as antibiotic-resistant bacteria due to the overuse of antibiotics in livestock, as well as water polluted with nitrates, microbes, and other harmful chemicals. Despite the clear need for greater worker protection and oversight to mitigate the environmental harms of these practices, factory farms are notoriously difficult to regulate. Industrial animal operations are located predominantly in rural areas, often next to poor communities and communities of color. Food companies have driven independent producers nearly to extinction, sapped the economic vitality of rural communities, and amassed sweeping political influence at both the state and national levels to effectively prevent mitigation efforts.Essays in this volume cover pertinent topics such as the history, structure, and trends in the factory farming industry; water and air pollution; infectious disease health effects; community and social impacts; environmental justice and sustainable agriculture; and the impacts of COVID-19 among meatpacking workers.

Can one city's solutions to homelessness help the United States face the issue nationally?The United States grapples with a solution for the unhoused by employing a patchwork of uneven rhetoric and policy. How can policymakers and public health professionals address this urgent problem in more innovative and sustainable ways? In Way Home, Josephine Ensign explores the contemporary landscape of homelessness by focusing on Seattle in King County to assess how their innovative local solutions can be scaled up nationally. From consumer-led shelter programs to the expansion of the Housing First model of care, Seattle-King County is a leader in this area. Ensign assesses the effectiveness of policies such as child tax credits, rental subsidies, eviction moratoriums, and programs for vehicle residents. As an expert in the field who has also experienced homelessness, Ensign draws from an extensive oral history project to share poignant firsthand accounts that inform and enrich her storytelling. This narrative incorporates human rights, support services, public health issues, and a path forward that acknowledges the true realities of people living unhoused. Amid the rapidly evolving public health and political landscape accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, Way Home deepens our understanding of the historical roots of homelessness and highlights innovative public policy and program efforts at the national, state, and local levels to address it.

An intriguing portrait of persistent plants with deep roots that have survived eons on earth, featuring exquisite watercolors and numerous color photos.Plants are tenacious organisms. Their green ancestors were among the earliest living beings on Earth, while clubmosses and ferns that arose 400 million years ago still thrive in the moist understory of temperate and tropical forests. Plants like these are considered "living fossils," as they have remained unchanged for hundreds of millions of years or are the sole survivors of their once diverse lineage. In Rooted in Time, paleobotanist Carole T. Gee shares stories of the remarkable plants that first appeared eons ago, yet still green the planet today. This romp through the plant kingdom begins 3,500 million years ago, with the first photosynthesizing organisms on earth--the cyanobacteria. It then leads us down fascinating evolutionary paths to the ancient cousins of the evergreen wreaths on your own front door. Rooted in Time highlights more than eighteen plants with extreme longevity, exploring their botanical significance, cultural importance, natural history, and ethnobotanical usefulness. Between the plant vignettes, Gee explains how plants met the challenges of growing in new habitats and ecological niches by conquering life on land, evolving seeds and cones, and making flowers. Rooted in Time pulls together facts from cutting-edge paleontological research and botanical science to offer engaging narratives on unique plants that grace our world with their quiet dignity and extraordinary longevity. Lavishly illustrated with more than a hundred color photos and exquisite watercolor portraits, this book will appeal to plant lovers at all levels--from avid gardeners and botanical garden enthusiasts to college students and plant science professionals.