Bøger udgivet af Kluwer Academic Publishers Group

Leaching tests are conducted according to different standards, pro cedures or recommendations, generally under conditions different from those of the disposal media.

1. Executive Summary.- 1.1. Scope of study.- 1.2. Summary of findings.- 1.2.1. Review of already performed remote-controlled operations in decommissioning.- 1.2.2. Definition of the different tasks in decommissioning and of the techniques which may possibly be applied.- 1.2.3. State of the art of existing equipment as applicable for decommissioning tasks.- 1.2.4. Systems analysis of all tasks suitable for remote handling and specification of corresponding hard-and software.- 1.2.5. Conceptual design of most promising systems.- 1.2.6. Conclusions. Needed developments and recommendations for future works.- 2. Review of Remote Controlled Operations in Decommissioning.- 2.1. Already performed decontamination and dismantling operations.- 2.1.1. Eurochemic.- 2.1.2. Fast reactor reprocessing plant.- 2.1.3. Trino Vercellese PWR reactor.- 2.1.4. Garigliano reactor.- 2.1.5. SRE and ERR reactors.- 2.1.6. Organic moderated reactor experiment.- 2.1.7. Remote handling in the decommissioning of 1ight water reactors and related fields.- 2.2. Plans and schedules for future decommissioning operations 18 and projects for dismantling techniques.- 2.2.1. WAGR.- 2.2.2. TM-2.- 2.2.3. KKN.- 2.2.4. Projects of dismantling machines.- 2.2.5. Plansand studies on future decommissioning projects.- References.- 3. Definition of the Different Tasks In Decommissioning and of the Techniques Which May Be Possibly Be Applied.- 3.1. Synopsis of the tasks occuring in decommissioning of nuclear power plants.- 3.1.1. Decommissioning alternatives.- 3.1.2. Summary of decommissioning tasks.- 3.2. Synopsis of the decommissioning techniques.- 3.2.1. Synopsis of the cutting techniques.- 3.3. Specification tables and technical data on decommissionung techniques.- References.- 4. State of the Art of Remotely Controlled Equipment.- 4.1. Equipment for remote dismantling in the bioshield.- 4.2. General purpose systems.- 4.2.1. Fixed industrial robot systems.- 4.2.2. Mobile robot systems.- 4.2.3. Signal processing and autonomous operation.- 4.3. Sub-systems.- 4.3.1. Vision sub-systems.- 4.3.2. Sensors and automatic positioning.- 4.3.3. Special manipulators.- References.- 5. System Analysis of All Tasks Suited for Remote Control and Specication of the Corresponding Hard-And Software.- 5.1. Task-specific potential.- 5.1.1. Definition of decommissioning operations.- 5.1.2. Plant systems.- 5.2. Type classification of tasks suited for remote control.- 5.2.1. Tasks areas.- 5.2.2. Plant-specific remote-control work.- 5.2.3. Task-specific remote-control work.- 5.3. Model of the dose reduction by robotic systems.- 5.3.1. Approach to the model.- 5.3.2. Analysis of technique-specific manrem savings.- 5.4. Analysis of remote-control work sequences.- 5.4.1. Plant survey and monitoring.- 5.4.2. Segmentation of metallic components.- 5.4.3. Decontamination of buildings structure surface.- 5.5. Definition of the performance profile for remote-controlled systems.- 5.6. Specification of hard-and software systems of remote-controlled equipment.- 5.6.1. Specification of the hard-and software systems.- 5.6.2. Concepts for remote-controlled equipment.- 5.6.3. Structure of a survey and monitoring device.- 5.7. Advanced technologies and subsystems.- 5.7.1. Data transmission via fibre-optic cables.- 5.7.2. Bus system for special vehicles and operation systems.- 5.7.3. Processor and robot system.- References.- 6. Conceptual Design of the Most Promising System.- 6.1. Survey and monitoring system vehicle.- 6.1.1. Basic design features.- 6.1.2. Inspection means.- 6.1.3. Radio-transmission.- 6.1.4. Power supply.- 6.1.5. Vehicle guiding system.- 6.2. Identification of functions common to the most promising systems.- 6.3. Electro-mechanical aspects.- 6.3.1. Power supply.- 6.3.2. Driving mechanisms - propulsion.- 6.3.3. Manipulator kinematics and dynamics.- 6.3.4. Base and stabilization.- 6.4. Environmental aspects.- 6.4.1. General design based on environmental conditions.- 6.4.2. Remote decontamination and disassembly.- 6.4.3. Choice of materials.- 6.5. Control.- 6.5.1. Sensors.- 6.5.2. Data transmission systems.- 6.5.3. Control methods.- 6.5.4. Collision and obstacle avoidance.- 6.5.5. Programming languages.- 6.5.6. Control room-ergonometry.- References.- 7. Recommendations for Research and Development - Conclusions.- 7.1. Estimation of R&D time schedule and cost.- 7.2. R&D needs for proposed concepts.- 7.3. Conclusions.

The Handbook of Hospital Medicine was originally conceived by Dr Mitchell as a guide for junior medical staff working in his own unit. The success of the original book in Dr Mitchell's unit lead to its introduction in other units and hospitals and through the help of Johnson and Johnson to junior hospital doctors throughout South Africa.

Section I Background to cardiovascular disease.- Section II History and physical examination.- Section III The presentation of cardiovascular disease and the diagnostic possibilities.- Test-Yourself Questions.- Section IV Description of specific diseases.- Section V Principles of general management and treatment.- Test-Yourself Questions.- Answers to Test-Yourself Questions.

Lowe vii List of Contributors Professor Charles Abildgaard, Dr. Geijlswijk, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Haematology, 4301 X Street, University Hospital, Sacramento, Utrecht, California 95817 The Netherlands Dr. L.

This book is about drugs and how they are used in the treat ment of disease. Of course it is important to identify a drug, but it seems of greater importance to know how drugs work, how they are chosen for particular patients, what problems they produce and why.

There are so many good textbooks in the field of this sense the book is more comparable to modern human psychology that anyone producing a new one textbooks of 'harder' sciences such as physics and must have a good excuse, ready to explain his physiology.

The two subjects which have been previously widely covered, the roles of prolactin in lactation and in rat mammary cancer, are presented relatively briefly though with a full list of references.

At the present time, even though superseded on the very small scale by quantum theory and on the very large scale by the theory of relativity, the mechanics of Newton is perfectly adequate for treating a wide spectrum of problems from the * '"etic theory of gases to the motion of space vehicles.

It is now nine years since the first edition appeared and much has changed in marine science during that time. As in the first edition, PSM has been mainly responsible for the text and lIC for the illustrations, although each has responded to advice from the other and also from many colleagues.

This text discusses the subject of plant energetics as it is known now, and compares our knowledge of plants with that of animals.

The germination of seeds is a magical event, in which a pinch of dust-like material may give rise to all the power and the beauty of the growing plant. Plant physiologists attempt to understand the relation ship between plant form and function and to explain, in physical and chemical terms, plant growth and development.

THE STUDY OF ANIMAL COMMUNICATION HAS TRADITIONALLY FORMED AN important part of the study of animal behaviour. Some excellent texts on animal communication are available, as are collected essays on the neural substrates of specific behaviour patterns, but none of these provides a broad synthesis of concepts in neuro physiology and behaviour.

Archaean geology, which is the study of the Earth's history in the period from after 9 the end of planetary accretion (4.5-4.4 x 10 years ago) up to the beginning 9 of the Proterozoic (2.5 x 10 years ago) is much the same - a parcel of old stones seemingly impossible to understand.

Towards the end of 1983, the Advisory Council for Applied Research and Development (ACARD) published a report giving the findings of a working group which had been set up to study the factors which inhibited or supported the introduction of advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) in engineering manufacture.

After two decades, data processing has finally, and probably forever, found its niche among civil engineering and construction (CEC) professionnals, through word processors, digitizing tables, management software, and increasingly via drawing software and computer-aided design (CAD), recently, robots have even started invading work sites.

The aim of the 5th international conference on conduction and breakdown of dielectric liquids is the same as that of the preceding conferences, namely to have a forum where all experts in this vast field can meet, can present their latest results and can exchange their ideas.

The first edition of this book appeared in 1983, and provided the first easily-accessible account of the state of biotechnology at a level suitable for advanced undergraduates and postgraduates.

Conferenee on Industrialization, made the This study ex amines the faetors which affeet the loeation of mineral proeessing in developing following points: eountries. These ean be divided into two broad "National industrialization policies should eategories. The first of these eneompasses stress the objeetive of inereasing the extern al eeonomic and teehnieal elements affeeting the autonomy of the developing regions and countries, 1 basic vi ability of a projeet. These include eapital, with special attention to the promotion of skilled labour, raw materials, eomplementary exports . .. (and) also seek to inerease the value inputs, energy, eeonomies of seale, teehnological added to raw materials being proeessed and ehange, growth in demand, proximity to export exported. markets and transport eosts. The seeond eonsists In the light of the foregoing, it is proposed that of struetural elements including sourees of finanee national industrialization policies should: (a) prp­ and teehnology, trade and investment and mote integrated industrialization based on the taxation policies.

La France, depuis 1973, a fait de grands e./forts pour reduire sa dependance energetique~' tlle en fera plus encore a l'avenir et il n 'est pas hors de portee, dans le long terme, de couvrir la moitie de nos besoins par la production nationale d'energie. Nous ny parviendrons cependant que par de vastes programmes technologiques, des investissements accrus - et il nous faudra encore importer la moitie de notre energie, la quasi totalite du petrole necessaire. L 'economie franfaise, nos entreprises, l'ensemble de leurs personneIs, devront donc plus que jamais « communiquer» avec ceux qui, partout dans le monde, ont les memes ambitions. C'etait devancer l'evenement que de lance" en 1971 un dictionnaire anglais-franfais des termes petroliers,' c'est a nouveau construire l'avenir que de publier cette seconde edition dont le vaste champ, technique, economique, financier, juridique, repond si bien aux besoins de lecteurs qui n 'appartiennent pas a la seule profession petroliere. Qu 'il me soit permis d'en feliciter les auteurs, en soulignant le soin extreme qu 'ils ont mis a donner a chaque terme son exacte equivalence dans notre langue. F. de Wissocq Avant-Propos A l'origine, au cours des annees 50 et 60, Fabio Zubini avait remge un lexique des termes petroliers anglais interessant surtout le raffinage et la chimie du petroie. Le bon accueil reserve a cet ouvrage, en italien d'abord (1969), puis a sa version fran~aise (1971), conduisit finalement a « remettre l'ouvrage sur le metier ».

Based on a unique industrial European membership, the European Oceanic Association, "non-profit Association has as its object the pooling of talents, resources and ex­ perience in the marine field with the purpose of promoting in Europe a concentration of efforts to foster the study and exploration of the seas in the light of their industrial exploitation" (articZe 2 of the statutes). The major concern of protecting the marine environment, whilst at the same time taking into consideration the present constraints on economic and industrial develop­ ment, has led the European Oceanic Association to establish constructive contacts with the Commission of European Communities. Following an interview in November 1972 with leading representatives of the Commission of European Communities and with the heads of the Environment and Consumer Pro­ tection Service, contacts were established which resulted, in May 1973, in the signing of a contract for studies between the Commission of European Communities and the European Oceanic Association. The essential point of the contract granted to the Associa­ tion was: " a contribution to the study of a preventative technology with the aim of arresting the deterioration of the marine environment by limiting and controlling present and future wastes". As a result of working groups between interested members of the Association, an area of study was chosen, comprising: - specific subjects relative to polluting elements or groups of elements, l.e: · chromium, · cadmium-zinc, · cyano-metallic compounds; - more general studies concerning monitoring systems; - specific and general recommendations.

On the other hand, there may be young people carrying a severe coronary risk, knowingly or not, who prefer to avoid risk factor in tervention.

Paediatrics is distinguished from general medicine by the different spectrum of disease encountered, and the interplay of disease and development within the growing child. Associate Professor of Paediatrics and Assistant Professor of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal.

This book concisely presents the essential information in the field of gyneco logic endocrinology. The material presented is based on courses in gynecologic endocrinology presented at the Lorna Linda University School of Medicine and at other institutions over the past several years.

1.- 1. Welcoming address.- 2. Integration and implementation of computer-aided engineering (CAE) ¿ the strategy for innovative product design in the 1980s.- 3. Getting the CADCAM tool working.- 4. Encouraging new technology links between industrial and teaching institutions: Aston Science Park.- 2: Ergonomics.- 5. Education for human-centred systems.- 6. CAD and the human operator.- 3: Training ¿ general.- 7. The training needs of CADCAM.- 8. New directions in training.- 9. Skills and knowledge requirements for CADCAM.- 10. The teaching of CAD ¿ a review of the proceedings of a conference held at Newcastle upon Tyne Polytechnic, April 1982.- 11. The integration of a commercial CAD package in the teaching of CAE on an undergraduate course.- 4: Training ¿ curriculum and training equipment.- 12. The development of micro-based procedure for the teaching of three-dimensional geometric design.- 13. A comprehensive approach for CAD ED curriculum elaboration.- 14. New technology-based training and its role in CADCAM.- 15. A review of computer graphics equipment for engineering applications.- 16. Educational software for CAD teaching.- 17. Implementing graphics in design, process and manufacturing industries.- 18. PELICAM: An interactive educational software for training students to the finite element method.- 19. Computer-aided design for design and craft students.- 5: Training ¿ the introduction of CADCAM into particular disciplines.- 20. Training requirements for architects: a view from an experienced user.- 21. Education and training in computer-aided building design.- 22. Introducing CAD into the design office.- 23. Training and learning during the introduction of an interactive computer-aided building design system into government design offices.- 24. Implications of CADCAM for training in the engineering industry.- 25. A practical approach to the training of engineers.- 26. Educating engineering designers: the introduction of desktop computers and software to the design environment.- 27. Computer-aided design for chemical engineers.- 28. A practical approach to training in the use of an integrated plant modelling system.- 29. Computer-aided design and development planning.- 30. A case history of introducing CAD into a large aerospace company.- 6: Training course experience.- 31. Teaching CAD for electronics at the Norwegian Institute of Technology ¿ present status and future trends.- 32. Post-professional education in computers in architecture at the University of Sydney.- 33. CAD in the Cambridge Engineering Tripos 1977¿82.- 34. CAD in structural engineering at UMIST.- 35. CAD ¿ the first year.- 36. Six years of teaching computer-aided design at the University of Stellenbosch.- 37. CADCAM education at Cranfield Institute of Technology.- 38. Teaching computer graphics to mechanical engineers in Britain and the United States.- 39. The teaching of CAE in a polytechnic engineering department ¿ Huddersfield experience.- 40. Teaching CAD and CAM.- 41. A practical approach to CADCAM training.- 42. Promoting industrial awareness of CADCAM.- 7: International experience.- 43. International implementation of a CAAD project in schools of architecture.- 44. A cost-effective two-way computer-aided tertiary education network for industrially developing countries.- 45. Education and training for CAD ¿ a comparative study of requirements for developing and developed nations.- 46. Chairman¿s concluding remarks.

The industrial application of robots is growing steadily. Information is provided on robots as diverse as simple teaching machines, costing perhaps GBP1500, to those highly sophisticated computer-controlled robot devices commonly found in flexible manufacturing systems, costing tens of thousands of pounds each.

However, the pro duction of Volume 2 has allowed us to develop the theme initiated in Volume 1 and also expand to include a wider range of subject areas. Obviously, we purification techniques that were not included in Volume see Volume 2 as simply a continuation of Volume 1.

Lichen assocIations include some of the oldest living organisms and represent a major nutritional method adopted by one in five fungi. Lichens are not a systematic group and so are not appropriately treated in a groups-orientated programme, but are a major biological phenomenon all too commonly accorded scant attention in university courses.