Bøger udgivet af Larsen and Keller Education

Public policy is a framework of principles that guide the actions of the executive branches of the state in accordance with law and institutional customs. It is based on national constitutional laws and regulations. It is incorporated in constitutions, judicial decisions and legislative acts. Public policy making involves the identification of public problems and design of the strategies to counter these through the drafting of new public policy or amending the existing one. The factors influencing public policy making are of social, economic or political nature. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to public policy. The topics included in this book are of the utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to the readers. It will serve as a reference to professionals and students engaged in this fields.

Sales are activities that are related to the selling of goods or services. The process of selling is subject to identifiable rules and stages. Sales management is an important domain in businesses, concerned with the application of sales techniques for the management of the sales operations of a firm. Sales operations differ from company to company. However, they can be grouped within the categories, sales force enablement, business analytics, attainment planning, sales administration, and sales operations mandate and design. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of selling and sales management. It elucidates new techniques and applications of sales management in a comprehensive manner. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline.

Spintronics refers to the study of the intrinsic spin of the electron and its associated magnetic moment. It has potential applications in the area of data storage and transfer. Spintronic systems are prominently present in dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) and Heusler alloys. Some metal-based spintronic devices are tunnel magnetoresistance, spin-transfer torque and spin-wave logic devices. Non-volatile spin-logic devices that enable scaling are being widely studied. Spin-transfer and torque-based logic devices that use spins and magnets for information processes are also being developed. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of spintronics. Such selected concepts that redefine this field have been presented herein. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this textbook an invaluable source of knowledge.

Geomorphology studies the various physical, biological and chemical processes that act on the Earth's surface to create a variety of topographic and bathymetric features. The study of the origin and evolution of these features is also under the scope of this field. Such studies are aided by physical experiments, field observations and numerical modeling. It is an integrated study of the disciplines of geodesy, geology, engineering geology, geotechnical engineering, physical geography and archaeology. The primary factors responsible for the creation of topographic features of the earth are the wind, surface water flow, chemical dissolution, tectonism, volcanism and glacial action. Some other processes affecting them include periglacial processes, marine currents, extraterrestrial impact, salt-mediated action and seepage of fluids through the seafloor. This textbook provides comprehensive insights into the field of geomorphology. It presents this complex subject in the most comprehensible and easy to understand language. For all those who are interested in geomorphology, this book can prove to be an essential guide.

The Internet infrastructure or the communications infrastructure of the Internet comprises of its various hardware and software components that control the varied aspects of computer architecture. It encompasses various components for routing and data exchange, Internet access, protocols, etc. Wired, microwave and fiber optic links along with varied equipment for routing are responsible for the transmission of data. Website hosting, the Domain Name System (DNS), Email, database servers, authentication and authorization, and storage systems, etc. are critical software services that are part of Internet infrastructure. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of Internet infrastructure. Such selected concepts that redefine this field have been presented in this book. It attempts to assist those with a goal of delving into the field of Internet infrastructure.

Mathematical logic is a subfield of mathematics that is concerned with the application of formal logic to mathematics. It is closely associated with the foundations of mathematics, metamathematics and theoretical computer science. The study of the deductive power of formal proof systems and the expressive power of formal systems are the unifying themes in mathematical logic. Set theory, recursion theory, proof theory and model theory are the primary subfields in mathematical logic. Each of these fields has a distinct focus. The systems of propositional logic and first-order logic are widely explored for application in the foundations of mathematics. The classical logic systems such as second-order logic or infinitary logic and nonclassical logic systems such as intuitionistic logic are also studied in this field. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of mathematical logic. It presents the complex subject of mathematical logic in the most comprehensible and easy to understand language. In this book, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts as easy and informative as possible, for the readers.

The process of transformation of agricultural products into food for consumption is termed as food processing. It is an important aspect of food production. It is necessary for making food edible, enabling preservation, toxin removal, and distribution and marketing. This is achieved through a number of processes, such as food preservation, use of food additives, and food packaging. With processing, delicate perishable food can be transported across longer distances and used for longer periods of time as it kills pathogenic microbes and deactivates spoilage. A variety of traditional and industrial methods are used for food preservation, such as freezing, pickling, heating, pasteurization, vacuum packing, irradiation, etc. Food additives can be added to the food during the manufacturing process, processing and packaging, or during storage and transport to preserve its taste and flavor. These may include antioxidants, emulsifiers, acidity regulators, colors, etc. Packaging ensures that food becomes tamper-proof and stays protected from various biological and chemical agents. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of food processing and production. It unfolds innovative principles and applications, which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of the subject matter. For all those who are interested in this field, this textbook will prove to be an essential guide.

The study of the physical properties and physical processes of the soil is under the domain of soil physics. It is a multidisciplinary science that integrates the principles of physics, physical chemistry, meteorology and engineering for the study of soil components, their phases and dynamics. Such investigations drive solutions to problems in agriculture, ecology and engineering. This textbook is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of soil physics. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies have been included in this book. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.

Strategic management is an important area of management. It involves the development and implementation of the goals and objectives of the management by considering the availability of resources and an assessment of the external and internal environments of the organization. Strategic management provides a guide to the operations of an enterprise. A focus on competition, cost and customers underlies the development of strategic management. Some of the conceptual frameworks in this field are SWOT analysis, experience curve, competitive advantage, corporate strategy and portfolio theory, etc. This textbook is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles of strategic management. It provides comprehensive insights into this field. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.

Automation is the technology that is designed to function without human assistance. Various control systems are used for the operation of equipment used in factories, boilers, ships, aircraft, etc. Automation is achieved by integrating hydraulic, electrical, mechanical, pneumatic and electronic devices and computers. It results in labor, electricity cost and material cost saving. It also ensures improvement of quality, precision and accuracy. Computer-integrated manufacturing is the approach to the use of computers for controlling the production process. It allows the exchange of information between processes. It is used in multiple domains, such as in mechanical engineering, electronic design automation, industrial and production engineering, etc. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of automation, production systems and computer-integrated manufacturing which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of modern manufacturing. Most of the topics introduced herein cover new techniques and the applications of these processes. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subjects.

Capital budgeting is a planning process that determines the worth of long-term investments from a firm's capitalization structure. Some investments that an organization makes can include new and old machinery installation and maintenance, new products and services, new research and development projects, etc. The primary objective of capital budgeting and investment analysis is to enhance the capital benefit and value for shareholders. Some of the methods used in capital budgeting include accounting rate of return, payback period, profitability index, etc. An important technique in capital budgeting is real options valuation or investment analysis, which involves the determination of the present value of options. This textbook elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to capital budgeting and investment analysis. The topics included herein are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. This textbook is an essential guide for business professionals and financial planners, as well as students.

Spatial analysis refers to the set of analytical approaches and techniques concerned with the study of geographical elements and entities, and their geometric, geographical and topological properties. Some of the issues in spatial analysis involve spatial characterization of entities, spatial dependency and spatial auto-correlation problem, scaling, spatial sampling, etc. The principal types of spatial analysis are spatial data analysis, spatial autocorrelation, spatial interpolation, spatial regression, and simulation and modeling, among many others. The analysis of geospatial data involves statistical analyses using software, geographic information systems (GIS) and geomatics. It has applications in diverse areas like ecology, geology, epidemiology, defense, disaster risk reduction and management, etc. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of spatial analysis. Most of the topics introduced herein cover new techniques, practices and applications of spatial analysis. Those with an interest in this field would find this textbook helpful.

Business ethics studies the moral and ethical problems that arise in a professional setting. It also examines the moral values and standards that govern the conduct of individuals and organizations. Its implementation is subject to the presence of a framework of corporate policies, sustainability initiatives and the appointment of ethics officers. It can be applied in a functional capacity in the domains of finance, human resource management, production, sales and marketing and intellectual property, among others. Organizational ethics refers to the way an organization responds to an external or internal stimulus. A code of organizational ethics serves to guide and unite an organization in all its policies, programs and decisions. The creation of an ethical culture in an organizational space is subject to the drafting of an ethical code of standards, training, availability of ethical counsel and reporting systems that are confidential. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of business and organizational ethics. It explores all the important aspects of this field in the present day scenario. This textbook, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Environmental science is the academic domain concerned with the integrated study of environmental systems. The study of environmental issues and the formulation of strategies are also under the scope of its study. An understanding of atmospheric sciences, environmental chemistry, ecology and geosciences is intrinsic to environmental science. There has been significant human intervention in the ecology and biodiversity of the Earth, which has resulted in adverse environmental conditions. Therefore, it becomes imperative to develop and implement effective strategies for protecting human populations and the natural environment from these effects and improve environmental quality. This may be achieved by an integration of scientific and engineering principles which is undertaken by the field of environmental engineering. Waste disposal and management, environmental sustainability, pollution control and management, etc. are some of the methods that can be used in the management of environmental problems. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the fields of environmental science and engineering. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies on these fields have been included herein. This textbook, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

The exploration and investigation of business performance in order to gain valuable insights and drive planning is achieved by the integration of the skills, techniques and practices of business analytics. It employs extensive statistical analysis including explanatory and predictive modeling and fact-based management to facilitate effective decision-making. The different types of analytics are decision analytics, descriptive analytics, predictive analytics and prescriptive analytics. Some of the domains within analytics are behavioral analytics, enterprise optimization, fraud analytics, supply chain analytics, etc. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of business analytics. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the principles, concepts and applications of business analytics. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Photovoltaics (PV) is the technology that converts light into electricity by using semiconducting materials that exhibit photovoltaic effect. Solar PV has the advantages of being environment friendly as it does not generate pollution or greenhouse gases. It shows simple scalability relative to power needs and the materials used for its construction are readily available. However, it requires direct sunlight or a sun-tracking system for optimal performance. A PV system consists of several components, such as solar panels, solar inverter, mounting, cabling and other electrical accessories. It can range in size and scope from small, roof-top mounted systems to large utility-scale power stations. This book explores all the important aspects of photovoltaics in the present day scenario. The various technological advancements in PV technology that have future implications are also glanced at. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.

Geology is the scientific study of the Earth's surface, its evolution and the processes that have led to its change. The demonstration of the age of the Earth, chronicling of the Earth's geological history, evidence for plate tectonics, and the understanding of past climates have been possible because of advancements in the field of geology. Rock analysis is the most significant area of geological studies. Rock can be of three types, namely sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic. The techniques used in geological investigations are fieldwork, chemical analysis, numerical modeling, rock description and physical experimentation. Hydrocarbon and mineral exploration, hydrological studies, understanding of natural hazards and past climates, etc. are explored from within the framework of geology. This textbook is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the fundamental to the most complex theories and principles in the field of geology. It further elucidates the techniques and applications of geology in a multidisciplinary manner. The book strives to be a complete source of information for all students who are looking for an elaborate reference text on geology.

Hinduism, often hailed as the oldest religion in the world, is widely practiced in the Indian subcontinent. Philosophies in Hinduism are linked using recognizable rituals, shared textual resources, cosmology and pilgrimage to sacred sites, among many others. Texts in Hinduism are classified into two categories, namely Sruti meaning heard and Sm¿ti meaning remembered. Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita and Agamas are the major scriptures included in Hinduism. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the practice of Hinduism. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of this religion. Those with an interest in Hinduism would find this book helpful.

Classroom management refers to the effective handling of a classroom to create a conducive learning environment and ensure the effective delivery of lessons without disruption. Behavior management, development of good student-teacher relation and fostering mutual respect are some of the objectives of classroom management. A good teacher-student relationship can be fostered by striking a balance between cooperation, dominance and awareness of high-needs students. Employing fair rules and consequences for all, frequent and consistent feedback regarding student behavior and the strategic use of praise and rewards are certain techniques for controlling student behavior. The systemic approaches to classroom management are assertive discipline, culturally responsible classroom management, discipline without stress, rewards or punishments, etc. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of classroom management. This textbook, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

The field of business statistics is concerned with making effective and good decisions in the face of uncertainty. It is useful in the areas of econometrics, financial analysis, marketing research and services improvement. It is a branch of applied statistics that uses the data collected from business and government agencies. Time series is an important aspect of business statistics. A comprehension of descriptive statistics, probability, binomial and normal distributions, linear regressions and correlation, etc. are vital to the study of business statistics. This textbook unfolds the innovative aspects of business statistics, which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of the subject matter. It presents the complex subject of business statistics in the most comprehensible and easy to understand language. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.

Biological anthropology is the branch of anthropology that studies the biology and behavior of humans. It also studies non-human primates and extinct hominin ancestors of humans. The primary branches of biological anthropology are paleoanthropology, primatology, human behavioral ecology, human biology, paleopathology and bioarchaeology. All of these branches study the morphology and behavior of humans from an evolutionary perspective. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of biological anthropology. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the varied branches that fall under this category. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.

Phonetics is a branch of linguistics that studies human speech and sounds, their production, acoustic properties and auditory perception. It also explores the properties of meaningful sound contrasts as well as the social meaning pertaining to the sound signal. The three primary branches of study in phonetics are articulatory, acoustic and auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics studies the production of speech, acoustic phonetics studies the qualities or physical characteristics of sound waves produced during speech and auditory phonetics studies the perception, recognition and categorization of speech sounds. The field of phonology is concerned with the organization of sounds in languages. It also covers the study of systems of phonemes and linguistic analyses at all levels of language. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of phonetics and phonology. While understanding the long-term perspectives of the topics, the book makes an effort in highlighting their impact as modern tools for the growth of linguistics. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts in these fields.

VLSI or very-large-scale integration is a process of designing an integrated circuit (IC) by combining a large number of transistors or devices into a single chip. The microprocessor is a common example of a VLSI device. Before the advent of VLSI design, ICs performed a limited set of functions. Modern designs employ extensive automated logic synthesis and design automation to lay out the transistors. This enables higher levels of complexity in logic functionality. High-performance logic blocks, such as SRAM cell or static random-access memory cell are manually designed to ensure maximum efficiency. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments in the field of VLSI design in the modern scenario. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the varied aspects of VLSI systems. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of the discipline.

The field of wildlife management is concerned with wildlife conservation, pest control and game keeping. It strives to prevent the biodiversity loss of the Earth by incorporating the ecological principles of succession, disturbance and carrying capacity. The study of environmental conditions like pedology, physical geography and hydrology are significant for balancing the needs of wildlife with the needs of people. Wildlife management can be manipulative or custodial. Manipulative management strives to influence the population of a wildlife species directly or by altering habitat, density of predators, food supply or prevalence of disease. Custodial management is always preventive and protective. The factors that influence wildlife and their habitats are minimized. Reforestation, nitrification and denitrification, hedge laying, coppicing, etc. are important techniques of this field. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in this field. It attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of wildlife management and how such concepts have practical applications. Those in search of information to further their knowledge of wildlife management will be greatly assisted by this textbook.

Mycology is the branch of biology that is concerned with the study of fungi, their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and applications for human use. Fungi can be both harmful and beneficial to humans. Fungi produce antibiotics, toxins and secondary metabolites. They can cause toxicity or infection, but they can also be a source of tinder, food, medicine and entheogens. Many species of mushrooms are cultivated for food, such as button mushrooms, Portobello mushrooms, oyster mushrooms and shiitakes, besides many others. Penicillin, lovastatin, griseofulvin, etc. are some drugs produced using fungi. Many varieties of fungi are used for the industrial production of vitamins, antibiotics and cholesterol-lowering drugs. Fungi can also be useful in suppressing plant pathogens like weeds, insects, mites, etc. in agriculture. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of mycology. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of this field. This textbook is appropriate for those seeking detailed information in this area.

Hydrology is the science concerned with the study of the movement and distrbution of water on the Earth. The study of water resources, the water cycle, watershed sustainability and analysis of the quality of water are also within this domain. This field subdivides into the domains of groundwater, surface water and marine hydrology. These domains branch into a number of significant sub-disciplines, such as chemical hydrology, hydrogeology, isotope hydrology, ecohydrology, etc. The applications of hydrological studies are in the calculation of rainfall and surface runoff, determination of the water balance and agricultural water balance of a region, prediction and mitigation of floods and landslides, provision of potable water, etc. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in the field of environmental hydrology. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied branches that fall under this category. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.

The work involved in developing a website for the Internet or intranet is known as web development. Some of the tasks inherent to web development include web engineering, web design, content development, web server configuration, network security configuration, etc. Development of innovative tools and technologies has resulted in dynamic and interactive websites. Allowing an interaction between applications and users, error checking, preventing frauds and protecting sensitive information are important concerns in web development. Web design refers to the processes involved in the production and maintenance of websites. It includes interface design, web graphic design, user experience design, search engine optimization, etc. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of web development and web design, which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of the subject matter. The topics included in this book are of the utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to the readers. It will serve as a reference to professionals and students engaged in these fields.

The field of robotics is involved in the design, construction and use of robots and their control systems. These are developed with the objective of minimizing human effort or substituting for humans in environments, which are dangerous for human survival such as bomb detection and deactivation, in space, etc. Robotics integrates the techniques of electrical engineering, artificial intelligence, mechanical engineering, etc. for the conception, operation and manufacture of robots. Some common areas where robots are being used include medicine, surgery, military, and manufacturing, where efficiency and precision is of the utmost essence. The components of a robot are a power source, actuators, sensors and manipulators. Solar, nuclear and hydraulic power can be used to drive a robot. This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments in the field of robotics in the modern scenario. Some of the diverse topics covered in this book address the mechanics, systems and control of robotic systems. It aims to serve as a resource guide for students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of the disciplines.

Tourism and hospitality industry is a rapidly expanding global industry that includes a diverse category of services like lodging, catering, transportation, event planning and luxury travel. Tourism is the business that deals with attracting, entertaining and accommodating tourists. It has evolved to cater to the requirements of the modern tourist with a wide range of hotels and resorts, adventure activities and luxury travel. A hospitality unit is concerned with the provision of accommodation, food and travel tours. Accommodations are provided by hotels, resorts, inns, motels, flotels, etc. Restaurants and bars provide food, drinks and entertainment to guests. Good customer service, guest satisfaction, upkeep of sanitation, etc. are important aspects of hospitality. This book explores all the fundamental aspects of hospitality in the present day scenario. The topics included herein on the hospitality and tourism industry are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. For someone with an interest and eye for detail, this book covers the most significant concepts of this industry.

A data warehouse (DW) is a system used in computing for data analysis and reporting. It is a core component of business intelligence. It stores integrated historical and current data from one or more sources. Data can be characterized according to data integration, time-variance, subject orientation, volatility, granularity, etc. It is then arranged into groups, facts and aggregate facts. The sources of data are cleansed, catalogued, transformed and used for data mining, market research, decision support and online analytical processing. The ways to analyze or retrieve the data, transform, load and extract data and manage the data dictionary are essential components of a data warehousing system. Data warehouses can be designed using the bottom-up, top-down or hybrid design models. This book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of data warehousing. Most of the topics introduced herein cover new techniques and applications of this field. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this textbook.