Bøger udgivet af Morgan & Claypool Publishers

In the last years there have been great advances in the applications of topology and differential geometry to problems in condensed matter physics. Concepts drawn from topology and geometry have become essential to the understanding of several phenomena in the area. Physicists have been creative in producing models for actual physical phenomena which realize mathematically exotic concepts and new phases have been discovered in condensed matter in which topology plays a leading role. An important classification paradigm is the concept of topological order, where the state characterizing a system does not break any symmetry, but it defines a topological phase in the sense that certain fundamental properties change only when the system passes through a quantum phase transition.The main purpose of this book is to provide a brief, self-contained introduction to some mathematical ideas and methods from differential geometry and topology, and to show a few applications in condensed matter. It conveys to physicists the basis for many mathematical concepts, avoiding the detailed formality of most textbooks.

Teaches readers how to solve physics problems; in other words, how to put maths and physics together to obtain a numerical or algebraic result and then interpret these results physically. These skills are important and are needed in more advanced science and engineering courses.

Teaches readers how to solve physics problems; in other words, how to put maths and physics together to obtain a numerical or algebraic result and then interpret these results physically. These skills are important and are needed in more advanced science and engineering courses.

This book provides a detailed overview of cancer theranostics applications of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Their synthesis, characterization, multifunctionality, disease targeting, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and toxicity are highlighted, along with current examples of clinical trials of magnetic nanoparticles in cancer theranostics, and their future scopes and challenges.

After a review of thermodynamics, this book covers Brownian motion and the diffusion equation, diffusion in solids based on transition-state theory, spinodal decomposition, nucleation and growth, instabilities in solidification, and diffusionless transformations. Each chapter includes exercises whose solutions are available in a separate manual.

Covers essential Microsoft EXCEL (R)'s computational skills while analysing introductory physics projects. Topics of numerical analysis include multiple graphs on the same sheet, calculation of descriptive statistical parameters, a 3-point interpolation, and the Euler and the Runge-Kutter methods to solve equations of motion.

Presents a brief compilation of results from nearly a century of research on the globular star clusters in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31). The book explores the techniques and limitations of the observations, the successes and challenges of the models, and the paradigm for the formation of M31 that has gradually emerged.

Recent advances witness the potential to employ nanomedicine and game-changing methods to deliver drug molecules directly to diseased sites.To optimize and then enhance the efficacy and specificity, the control and guidance of drug carriers in vasculature has become crucial. Current bottlenecks in the optimal design of drug carrying particles are the lack of knowledge about the transport of particles, adhesion on endothelium wall and subsequent internalization into diseased cells. To study the transport and adhesion of particle in vasculature, the authors have made great efforts to numerically investigate the dynamic and adhesive motions of particles in the blood flow. This book discusses the recent achievements from the establishment of fundamental physical problem to development of multiscale model, and finally large scale simulations for understanding transport of particle-based drug carriers in blood flow.

There have been many recent discussions of the "replication crisis" in psychology and other social sciences. In this book Allan Franklin and Ronald Laymon analyse what constitutes a null result and present evidence, covering a 400-year history, that null results play significant roles in physics.

The cryosphere encompasses all regions of the planet that experiences water in ice form for some portion of the year. In this book, authors Melody Sandells and Daniela Flocco deliver an introduction to the physics of the cryosphere. This includes the Arctic, Antarctic, large parts of North America, Eurasia, and some parts of the Southern Hemisphere.

This book brings together two broad themes that have generated a great deal of interest and excitement in the scientific and technical community in the last 100 years or so: quantum tunnelling and nonlinear dynamical systems.It applies these themes to nanostructured solid state heterostructures operating at room temperature to gain insight into novel photonic devices, systems and applications.

Volume 2 of this three-part series presents the quantization of classical field theory using the path integral formalism.For this volume the target audience is students who wish to learn about relativistic quantum field theory applied to particle physics, however, it is still very accessible and useful for students of condensed matter. This volume begins with the introduction of the path integral formalism for non-relativistic quantum mechanics and then, using this as a basis, extends the formalism to quantum fields with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. Dr. Strickland then discusses how to quantize gauge fields using the Fadeev-Popov method and fermionic fields using Grassman algebra. He then presents the path integral formulation of quantum chromodynamics and its renormalization. Finally, he discusses the role played by topological solutions in non-abelian gauge theories.

For a physicist, "e;noise"e; is not just about sounds, but refers to any random physical process that blurs measurements, and in so doing stands in the way of scientific knowledge.This book deals with the most common types of noise, their properties, and some of their unexpected virtues. The text explains the most useful mathematical concepts related to noise. Finally, the book aims at making this subject more widely known and to stimulate the interest for its study in young physicists.

Volume 1 of this three-part series introduces the fundamental concepts of quantum field theory using the formalism of canonical quantization.This volume is intended for use as a text for an introductory quantum field theory course that can include both particle and condensed matter physics students. Dr. Strickland starts with a brief review of classical field theory and uses this as a jumping off point for the quantization of classical field, thereby promoting them to proper quantum fields. He then presents the formalism for real and complex scalar field theories, fermion field quantization, gauge field quantization, toy models of the nuclear interaction, and finally the full Lagrangian for QED and its renormalization. Part of IOP Series in Nuclear Medicine.

A deeper understanding of neutrinos, with the goal to reveal their nature and role within particle physics, is at the frontier of current research. This book reviews the field in a concise fashion and highlights the areas of strongest topical interest. It provides a clear, self-contained, and logical treatment of the fundamental physics aspects.

This book is an introduction to the mechanical properties, the force generating capacity, and the sensitivity to mechanical cues of the biological system.To understand how these qualities govern many essential biological processes, we also discuss how to measure them. However, before delving into the details and the techniques, we will first learn the operational definitions in mechanics, such as force, stress, elasticity, viscosity and so on. This book will explore the mechanics at three different length scales - molecular, cellular, and tissue levels - sequentially, and discuss the measurement techniques to quantify the intrinsic mechanical properties, force generating capacity, mechanoresponsive processes in the biological systems, and rupture forces.

Provides a brief introduction to the physics behind semiconductor technologies. Chuck Winrich explores the topic of semiconductors from a qualitative approach to understanding the theories and models used to explain semiconductor devices. Applications of semiconductors are explored and understood through models developed in the book.

Provides an overview of the physics of lasers and describes some of the more common types of lasers and their applications. The book then describes the phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation.

Open-channel microflow is a flow at the micro-scale, guided by solid structures, and having at least a free boundary (with air or vapour) other than the advancing meniscus. This book is devoted to the study of open-channel microfluidics which (contrary to paper or thread or droplet microfluidics) is still very sparsely documented.

Teaches readers how to solve physics problems; in other words, how to put maths and physics together to obtain a numerical or algebraic result and then interpret these results physically. These skills are important and are needed in more advanced science and engineering courses.

The physics of quantum vortices is pivotal to basic science of quantum turbulence and high temperature superconductors, and underpins emerging quantum technologies including topological quantum computation. This handbook is aimed at providing a dictionary style portal to the fascinating quantum world of vortices.

The goal of this book is to help fill in the void in the Logic Programming (LP) literature. It offers a number of overviews on key aspects of LP that are suitable for researchers and practitioners as well as graduate students.

Provides a clear and factual picture of the status of renewable energy and its capabilities today. The book covers all areas of renewable energy, starting from biomass energy and hydropower and proceeding to wind, solar and geothermal energy before ending with an overview of ocean energy.

A central issue in any relativistic quantum theory is how to introduce interactions without spoiling relativistic invariance. This volume shows that interactions can be incorporated in a mass operator, in such a way that relativistic invariance is maintained. Surprisingly for a relativistic theory, such a construction allows for instantaneous interactions.

Based on a set of 18 class-tested lectures delivered to fourth-year physics undergraduates at Griffith University in Brisbane, this book book presents new discoveries by the Nobel-prize winning LIGO collaboration.

Reviews typical material systems, which exhibit hyperbolic behaviour and outlines important new applications of hyperbolic metamaterials, such as imaging experiments with plasmonic hyperbolic metamaterials and novel VCSEL geometries, in which the Bragg mirrors may be engineered in such a way that they exhibit hyperbolic properties in the long wavelength infrared range.

Teaches basic digital design concepts and then applies them through exercises; implements these digital designs by teaching the user the syntax of the Verilog language while implementing the exercises; and employs contemporary digital hardware to build a simple calculator, a basic music player, and a frequency and period counter.

Writing efficient and scalable parallel programs is notoriously difficult, and often requires significant expertise. To address this challenge, it is crucial to provide programmers with high-level tools to enable them to develop solutions. This thesis addresses this challenge, and provides evidence that shared-memory programs can be simple, fast, and scalable.