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The aim of this book is to analyze the conceptions of language presented by teachers who work in public Early Childhood Education institutions - the first stage of Basic Education. In addition to these conceptions, we analyzed the discourse of these teachers in relation to their pedagogical practices, in terms of the child's exploration and use of languages. For these analyses, we relied on theoretical perspectives recognized as interactionist, which consider language to be a social, historical and cultural product. These include the studies carried out by Vygotsky (1987) and Tomasello (2003). We start from the understanding that language is not restricted only to the child's use of speech, but to all forms of communication and expression that carry meanings, or are made up of signs, such as the language of the body, images, among others (FRANÇOIS, 2006). In this sense, in interactive contexts, in school environments, from Early Childhood Education onwards, a gesture, a drawing, a cry or a look can be considered language.

DNA is found in any human tissue, making it easy to obtain. Experiments carried out in 1985 by Jeffreys and collaborators revealed repeating units of DNA that vary in number between individuals. STR sequences have repeating units varying in size between 2 and 7 base pairs and constitute microsatellite regions of DNA. CODIS, or the Combined DNA Index System, was the first coded DNA database founded by the FBI from the use of molecular markers and is universal, containing 13 to 21 STR genes with known frequencies in different population groups and used for Paternity Tests and forensic DNA. The aim is to standardize and implement the molecular markers belonging to the CODIS system. Analysis of allele frequencies and comparison with other populations, for implementation of the Paternity Test at the Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR). Primer sequences form Multiplex subsets as described in the literature.

In the midst of a reflection on the actor in school, the question arose about the type of shows that are brought to the school environment. Based on this assumption, this book presents some positions so that together we can reflect on the theatrical language that is presented to students. This book presents principles such as theatrical language for children and young people at school, through the study of the actor and his performance. To this end, we will report on the creation of the performance "Origin in legends". This show proposes a language of theatre for children and young people, through storytelling and indigenous culture. Finally, with all these studies we hope to contribute to the formation of young people and children as individuals.

This work aims to describe the beneficial effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder "Modia" in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients. "Modia" has a capacity to regulate oxidative stress, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid in type 2 diabetics. This study was prospective comparative case control, type 2 diabetic patients volunteers were put on a supplementary diet based on Moringa oleifera leaf powder "Modia", at a dose of 10 g per person. day. We compared three groups of patients: the control group (without Modia), group 2 treated with Modia for three months and group 3 treated for six months. The biochemical parameters measured were the markers for monitoring metabolic complications and cardiovascular (fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum uric acid, serum creatinine) markers of oxidative stress (TAS, SOD, GPx, GR) in the plasma and in the erythrocyte. The measurements were carried out using a UV spectrophotometer. Visible by enzymatic methods.

The book offers a fascinating dive into the little-known world of beetles in the heart of the Ichkeul National Park, a Ramsar site of worldwide ecological importance. The author presents the in-depth results of a rigorous ecological study of 56 beetle species belonging to 10 families and 22 subfamilies. Through a detailed scientific approach, the book explores the exceptional diversity of these insects, highlighting their crucial role in the delicate balance of the Ichkeul ecosystem. Dedicated chapters present the distinctive characteristics of the predominant families such as Carabidae, Tenebrionidae and Scarabaeidae, providing an in-depth understanding of these little architects of nature. Discoveries about beetle diversity are interwoven with detailed observations, exposing intriguing behaviors and subtle interactions with other ecological factors. Beyond the scientific findings, the author explores the implications for the conservation of Ichkeul, offering informed recommendations based on the study's findings.

Population and industrial growth contributes to the swelling of cities, with increased contamination of rivers, lakes, dams and their tributaries, bringing problems related to the consumption and use of water and its scarcity in Brazil and worldwide. As well as the irrational use of treated water by the Brazilian population in domestic activities such as washing pavements, vehicles, irrigating plants and grass, among other ways, saturating the Brazilian basic sanitation system. Faced with the need to supplement water for domestic purposes and/or consumption as drinking water, the search for a solution, such as the installation of reservoirs in urban and rural homes that use rainwater and capture it, is an alternative for the survival of the Brazilian and world population. Thus, the aim of this study was to focus on this segment, due to the need to know the profile of consumption of treated drinking water, as well as the use and implementation of the cistern system for storing rainwater in this region, with complementary microbiological and physical-chemical analysis, as well as the rainfall profile over the last five years.

The aim of this study was to investigate the current state of art teaching in school education in some schools in the municipality of Parintins, located in the state of Amazonas, and which methodological approaches are used by the teachers who teach it, given that the schools surveyed do not have teachers with a degree in art to teach the subject. The methodology used in this research was a case study, with questionnaires used as a data collection tool. The theoretical basis for this work was Pcn/Arte (1997), Ferraz and Fusari (1992), Barbosa (2008), among others. As a result, it was noted that Art Teaching still faces impasses in the school environment, such as its devaluation as a compulsory curricular subject.

Rainer Maria Rilke's conception of God has been examined from many perspectives, but this essay attempts to shed light on the poet's relationship to God and Christ from a hitherto unexplored angle. Rilke's relationship with his parents - especially his mother - his family environment and his socialization raise a number of connections. The essay focuses on his attachment to his parents, his familial socialization and the nature of his relationship with God. Interdisciplinary research has made it clear that the relationship between parents and child is linked to the later image of God. This work spans the period from Rilke's childhood to his second trip to Russia. The focus is on Rilke's poems, letters and notes, which help to decipher the poet's image of God and his relationship to his mother, father and Christ. As a result of the investigation, it can be established that Rilke's early attachment and socialization can be linked to his later image of God, the child in search of security and stability and the poet in search of a point of orientation.

For several decades now, the Democratic Republic of Congo has been experiencing a deep and multi-faceted crisis, aggravated by socio-political tensions and armed conflicts, the consequences of which have exacerbated poverty and further deteriorated the living conditions of the population. Despite the country's positive economic growth rate, it gives the impression of becoming increasingly underdeveloped. Nearly three quarters of Congolese live below the "multidimensional poverty line", which takes into account access to education, healthcare and food. This study therefore seeks to situate the place and predominant role of state social protection services in the care of vulnerable people in general; to highlight the importance of strategic management as a means of steering these structures; to assess the impact of the activities of these services in terms of the expected efficiency of the public service and the person concerned; and to model the steering of social protection in terms of posopolitics.

This text covers the actions of the provincial government of North Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from its investiture in 2007 to 2015. It presents the various achievements of this executive throughout the province, making reference to the still precarious security situation and to the budget execution rate in other provinces of the DRC. The government's program shows that it is doing enough to improve the living conditions of its inhabitants. As the town of Butembo is the focus of this study, the reality on the ground shows that citizens recognize that most public action is focused on the construction of basic infrastructure, including roads and bridges, schools and hospitals, and administrative offices and markets. However, the provincial assembly is not playing its role properly. The population is not involved in decision-making. Based on the execution of the government program, the author finally presents a theory of public policy, which he calls the power-need theory.

Composite resins are direct restorative materials widely used in restorative dentistry. Despite their simplicity in clinical use, resin restorations tend to suffer pigmentation and wear over time, and it is important to investigate the effect of variables such as the restoration surface finishing protocol or the pigmentation medium on the colour stability and surface texture of the restorative material. The study presented in this book suggests a more appropriate protocol for restoring decayed and/or fractured teeth, with possible greater colour stability and visual appearance of the restoration.

Many problems mar the mobilization and maximization of non-tax revenues by the Direction Générale des Recettes Administratives, judiciaires, Domaniales et de Participations in the Democratic Republic of Congo. These problems are multi-faceted and have real negative consequences for the agency on the one hand, and for the State on the other, as they lead to tax evasion, failure to fulfill the agency's missions, inefficiency in the government program and a deficit in the public treasury. Thus, the author has used a therapeutic hexagon, because the solution he proposes to the public problem under study (the problem of revenue maximization by the DGRAD) uses six pillars which constitute the six sides of this figure, each side representing an axis of solution. The six strategies for continuous revenue maximization are: the Régie's strategy, coaching, skills and knowledge, motivation, social and ethical responsibility, and continuous improvement.

The notion of a statesman or stateswoman is not an easy one to grasp, as its appreciation is sometimes subjective. Clearly, it is not enough to be in the service of the State to be a statesman or stateswoman. Is it a question of semantics? Is it a question of moral legitimacy, or a symbol of representation? Is it simply a question of highlighting servants of the State, or is it a question of highlighting exceptional men and women? In spite of all these questions, which attest to the complexity of the notion of "stateswoman" and the legitimacy of the scientific expectations of Africans in terms of building new knowledge, this colloquium has endeavored to highlight the careers and profiles of those who have clearly distinguished themselves in various fields at local, national and international level. In this way, the colloquium pursues a heuristic and memorial objective for the benefit of the social sciences and humanities.

The social sciences encompass all disciplines that deal with relationships between individuals. These disciplines are concerned with the relationships that people have with each other, either directly or indirectly. Its aim is to study the material or symbolic manifestations of different societies. Secondly, the social sciences study all human actions, whether individual or between individuals. They are anthropological in nature. It is about Anthropos and its movements within society. In this respect, we will limit the enigma we wish to clarify to the following question: is sociology a reality or an aspiration?

French television advertising is a form of communication that exploits text, sound and image. It may look aesthetically pleasing, but it's much more than that. Admittedly, television advertising has a commercial purpose, but its effect is cultural. For a long time, Algerians have been obsessed by these films or spots, which last just a few seconds, but which have an effect: that of influencing consumers and encouraging them to buy by exploiting feminine beauty, the female and sometimes male voice, colors and luxury. It belongs to the field of language sciences, because the scriptwriter-advertiser borrows from all disciplines: semantics, pragmatics, semiotics, rhetoric and poetics. Through our corpus analysis of six French commercials aimed at selling different products, advertising uses all branches of linguistics to convince the consumer of the product's necessity.

Among the various applications of agile leadership, coaching plays an important role. In coaching, there are various forms of concrete application, including a wide variety of methods. However, the theory of agile leadership does not explain in detail how exactly coaching can or should be implemented in the management of agile teams. However, agile leadership, including coaching, is already being used in many areas. This paper aims to show which factors are important for the practical implementation of coaching within agile teams in order to generate benefits in an effective manner. To this end, there is a theoretical discussion of coaching and agile leadership. The empirical part is based on the qualitative analysis of expert interviews, the evaluation of which provides information on the design of coaching in practice. The forms of implementation, the conditions to be fulfilled and the various forms of practical benefits are discussed. In this way, the much-mentioned buzzword coaching, within the theory of agile leadership, is elaborated in a tangible way.

The free, transparent and democratic nature of elections is open to interpretation. It is not an exact science, but an assessment that must take into account all reliable evidence and the extent to which the combination of factors chosen alters the true intentions of voters. It is important for the public to know the extent to which non-compliance with electoral laws and procedures is likely to undermine the quality of elections. The public will be reassured to see that elections are conducted in a peaceful manner. This book examines the role of the people in the electoral process, electoral systems, and the different stages of electoral operations according to their periods: pre-electoral, electoral and post-electoral.

The author and co-authors set out to identify the challenges and obstacles that higher education institutions face when it comes to planning and managing distance learning courses. Over the years, distance learning has been characterized as an option for society to be included in undergraduate courses, with the aim of improving employability in the job market. However, there are still obstacles that need to be overcome so that educational institutions, society and the job market can benefit from distance learning.

Management plays an essential role in the running of organizations, be they companies, non-profit organizations or government bodies. Management encompasses a set of functions and responsibilities aimed at planning, organizing, directing and controlling an organization's human and material resources to achieve its objectives.Management is the key element that coordinates all functions and resources within an organization to achieve its objectives. It is a dynamic process that evolves over time, requiring skills in communication, leadership, strategic planning and decision-making. Good management contributes to an organization's success and longevity, while poor management can lead to problems and difficulties.

Like other young people in Benin, young people in the central arrondissement of the commune of Grand-Popo have little involvement in the management of communal affairs. The main aim of this research is to contribute to a better understanding of the reasons behind this low level of youth participation in local development.The methodological approach adopted in this research revolves around the collection of socio-anthropological data, and the processing and analysis of the results. Interview guides were used for data collection, and manual processing was carried out. Word was used for data entry. The results obtained show that mobilization strategies exist at town hall level to involve young people in development actions, but that organizing young people is essential to improve their participation in local development.Key words: Grand-Popo, local development, socio-anthropology, participation, collaboration

This text presents the constructive elements of Denis SASSOU N'GUESSOU's vision for a prosperous Congo. This vision is based on exceptional leadership, combining tradition and modern ideals around the macro-concept of pan-Africanism. This is how it puts the spotlight on urban space management with a view to city resilience. This Congolese paradigm of urban planning could gain universal status for the benefit of the world's cities.

The series of textbooks under the general title "Foundations of Creative Education" is a supplement to the main textbooks for psychological and pedagogical specialties.Education of the ability to construct new possibilities and with their help to solve theoretical and practical problems is a strategic goal for psychological and pedagogical science. Achieving this goal will require a change of psychological and pedagogical paradigms.

OpenEpi is a free software package that enables a variety of statistical and epidemiological operations to be carried out without the need for programming skills. Its user-friendly interface enables data to be entered into a table, and results to be presented in a clear manner. Many universities use this software to teach epidemiology and biostatistics. Functionalities include comparison of proportions, percentages and averages, as well as sample size calculation for different types of epidemiological studies. With its 20 introductory modules, this manual is aimed primarily at students and researchers in the biomedical sciences who wish to carry out research work, but do not have the required knowledge of biostatistics. The aim is to help them overcome this hurdle, while offering a simple interpretation of results, enabling them to benefit from the advantages of easy-to-use, practical software.

Cereal bars have become very popular in the food market. They are considered practical and, depending on their composition, provide health benefits. New alternatives have been developed to improve the nutritional quality of cereal bars. This study sought to develop cereal bars from mangalô, caupi and andu bean flours, valuing local culture and eating habits, adding value to regional foods and reducing post-harvest losses for small farmers.

Technological advances and the process of computerisation in the health sector have led to the need to train professionals capable of developing tools and applications in which the Health Information Systems degree course plays an essential role. However, its graduates show insufficiencies to put these contents into practice. For this reason, the objective of the research is to elaborate a didactic model, based on the use of the project method, to improve the teaching-learning process of software design related to databases, from the subject of Software Engineering and Management, at the University of Medical Sciences of Pinar del Río. It contributes to the theory from the didactic model itself, its foundations, principles, essential components and relationships that enrich the Didactics of Computer Science from the proposal of new stages for the development of the process being studied, which integrate the stages of the project method and software design, which gives this process a systemic, integrative, sequenced and contextualised character.

The interest in attracting foreign investment and the ever-increasing demands of a modern and competitive market mean that São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) needs to undertake a number of reforms. First and foremost, the implementation of measures to trigger a process of reform of the accounting system in order to bring it into line with international standards, in view of the demands of an increasingly modern and competitive market. With this in mind, we propose the development of this work, the general objective of which is to identify the advantages of STP adopting an accounting system that is convergent with the International Accounting Standards/ International Financial Reporting Standards (IAS/IFRS), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and the specific objective of which is to offer a test or model of what the Santomean accounting system could become in the near future.

The development and transfer of new technologies is crucial to the economic success of the agricultural sector. Many efforts are currently being made to create methodologies and tools for controlling productivity, nutritional and water status, health aspects or crop forecasts. In this scenario, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are playing a promising role, given the advantages of obtaining aerial images with high spatial resolution combined with low investment costs compared to other acquisition methods. This book, therefore, aims to explain this new technology, as well as developing a methodology capable of accurately estimating plant height in a commercial corn field at two different flight heights, 30 and 60 meters.

Since the establishment of capitalism and the formation of the modern state, discussions about the inequalities resulting from the way most contemporary societies are organized economically and socially have been frequent. Sen (2008) states that it is necessary to rethink the processes of income generation and distribution. Growing economic inequality is one of today's main social problems and is one of the main causes of other collateral problems such as violence, gender inequality and poverty, among others. Thus, the way organizations think and manage plays a fundamental role. In this context, the general aim of this work is to investigate how management practices in Third Sector organizations, Solidarity Economy Enterprises and Social Business - Yunus Model, can contribute to minimizing the problem of social inequality in Brazil.

In times of rapid change in the environment such as the one we live in, increasing knowledge of the interaction between organisms and their ecosystems is fundamental to generating information that can be translated into protection and conservation practices. Ecology is a crucial science for understanding the occurrence, distribution and evolution of living organisms, especially sessile plants. Advances in statistical modeling, especially regression techniques, have become an essential ally in the investigation of causal factors in the ecological patterns of species and their interactions. This progress has been widely promoted in the R software through the development of packages for various types of analysis. The content of this book focuses on various regression models in R applied to Plant Ecology, based on practical examples of analysis based on real data freely provided by the authors. Using simple, clear language, this book can also be used by people from various academic fields, but especially by postgraduate students and researchers in the fields of Ecology, Biodiversity, Forest Engineering and Agronomy.

The availability of drinking water for human consumption is one of the major concerns of today's generations. Alternative and more efficient methods for water treatment are some of the options for increasing the population's access to quality water. The aim of this research was to apply the electrocoagulation process to water treatment, comparing the efficiency of the results with the addition of an organic tannin coagulant (Tanfloc SG) and an inorganic coagulant (ferric chloride) and a first-order kinetic study of the variation in concentration of the turbidity parameter.