Bøger udgivet af Springer

Among the technologies that significantly change the modern world of human existence, it is worth mentioning, first of all, digital technologies. These technologies are actively and relentlessly implemented and integrated into all spheres of human activity and society, becoming a powerful catalyst and a determining source of social development. According to such a scenario of development, society acquires the features of digital, thus defining digital technologies as its leading technology. This process is called the digital transformation of society. The wide use of digital technologies to provide free access to information and knowledge is a basic principle of the digital society. Digital society significantly changes traditional ideas about work, education, culture, communication, social and political life. The development of citizens' digital culture is the main condition for the successful construction of a digital society. Therefore, it is important to carry out scientific research and targeted training to improve the qualifications of specialists in various branches of the economy, in particular, educators and scientists to acquire digital competence. After all, these specialists are key figures in ensuring the process of digitalization of education and science. The book presents various aspects of the digital transformation of education and science. A comprehensive view of the current state and prospects of the use of digital technologies for education and science is provided. The experience of using digital technologies and tools for training and improving the qualifications of specialists of various specialties, as well as for the preparation of future PhDs, is described. The book is addressed to education workers, managers, scientists, graduate students, librarians, and all those who are interested in the process of digital transformation of education and science.

The main subject is the probabilistic extreme value theory. The purpose is to present recent results related to limiting distributions of maxima in incomplete samples from stationary sequences, and results related to extremal properties of different combinatorial configurations. The necessary contents related to regularly varying functions and basic results of extreme value theory are included in the first two chapters with examples, exercises and supplements. The motivation for consideration maxima in incomplete samples arises from the fact that real data are often incomplete. A sequence of observed random variables from a stationary sequence is also stationary only in very special cases. Hence, the results provided in the third chapter are also related to non-stationary sequences. The proof of theorems related to joint limiting distribution of maxima in complete and incomplete samples requires a non-trivial combination of combinatorics and point process theory. Chapter four provides results on the asymptotic behavior of the extremal characteristics of random permutations, the coupon collector's problem, the polynomial scheme, random trees and random forests, random partitions of finite sets, and the geometric properties of samples of random vectors. The topics presented here provide insight into the natural connections between probability theory and algebra, combinatorics, graph theory and combinatorial geometry. The contents of the book may be useful for graduate students and researchers who are interested in probabilistic extreme value theory and its applications.

This book presents a comprehensive exploration of tribology concepts and their real-world implications, delving into introductory principles as well as advanced topics such as friction, lubrication, and wear. Tailored for engineers across diverse disciplines, it serves as a fundamental resource for both undergraduate engineering courses and postgraduate studies focused on tribology. Moreover, it caters to the needs of mechanical, materials, and biomechanics researchers, engineers, academics, and industry professionals alike. Noteworthy features include unique engineering perspectives, practical discussions on lubrication principles for minimizing friction and wear, and guidance on selecting optimal lubricants and materials for various tribological applications.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the First International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence with and for Learning Sciences, WAILS 2024, held in Salerno, Italy, during January 18-19, 2024. The 14 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 19 submissions. The contributions present and discuss previous achievements, current challenges and solutions, and future perspectives concerned with the adoption of artificial intelligence methods and techniques in the context of learning sciences.

This book examines disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) during childhood and adolescence. It explores the ways in which explosive anger outbursts and persistent irritability are among the most problematic symptoms in child and adolescent mental health. and may present as a feature of many different psychiatric illnesses. The volume addresses the myriad challenges that youth with a focus on the DMDD diagnosis experience. Chapters focus on key issues of development, behavior, achievement, social relations, and mood. The book describes how to diagnose and conduct clinical assessments of child and adolescent personality and behavior with suspected DMDD.Key areas of coverage include: Comprehensive history of mood dysregulation research and current trends in psychiatric classification (e.g., DSM-5, Research Domain Criteria) and their influence on the clinical assessment of children and adolescents with suspected DMDD.Updates of professional standards to guide clinicians and diagnosticians and discussions of practical considerations in planning and conducting clinical assessments for children with DMDD.Reviews the most recent editions of questionnaires and tests used in the clinical assessment of child and adolescents with suspected DMDD.Differential diagnosis and practical methods for integrating assessment information to develop an effective, multidisciplinary treatment plan.Review of current trends in psychiatric and psychological treatment of DMDD. Clinician Guide to Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Children serves as an essential resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as veteran and early-career clinicians and professionals across such interrelated disciplines as school, clinical child, developmental, and educational psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, school counseling, social work, and public health.

This proceedings book of ICES 2023 presents the most recent studies on environmental sciences and environmental sustainability, which contributes to the resolution of environmental issues (air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, thermal pollution, radioactive pollution, light pollution, and global warming). The discharge of environmental pollutants from industrial, commercial, residential, and sensible locations must be handled with care, since it may harm the air, water, and land if not adequately treated. As a result of the enormous volume of wastewater and environmental pollution generated daily, the majority of designs and developments of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment were unable to handle the load. This is a threat to sustainable growth, and it must be resolved in a precise, dependable, urgent, and timely manner. Sustainable creative and technical transfer approaches that can be utilized for supporting, operationalizing, and providing sustainable wastewater and environmental treatment solutions are of interest to us. The authors hope that the book covers the possible spectrum of wastewater technologies and environmental treatment up to a high level of environmental protection, clean and green management lessons, identify the barriers to transformational change, and then inform the agenda and initiatives for sustainable development. ICES 2023 is devoted to wastewater technology and environmental treatment, with an emphasis on environmental protection at the highest level. ICES 2023 aims to disseminate current knowledge and sustainable development, share experience and lessons gained, and generate conversation and reflection in order to promote a paradigm shift that is sustainable. With the distribution of sustainable wastewater technology and environmental treatment, the ultimate goal is to bring revolutionary change to sustainable development.

This book introduces a new type of data poisoning attack, dubbed, backdoor attack. In backdoor attacks, an attacker can train the model with poisoned data to obtain a model that performs well on a normal input but behaves wrongly with crafted triggers. Backdoor attacks can occur in many scenarios where the training process is not entirely controlled, such as using third-party datasets, third-party platforms for training, or directly calling models provided by third parties. Due to the enormous threat that backdoor attacks pose to model supply chain security, they have received widespread attention from academia and industry. This book focuses on exploiting backdoor attacks in the three types of DNN applications, which are image classification, natural language processing, and federated learning.Based on the observation that DNN models are vulnerable to small perturbations, this book demonstrates that steganography and regularization can be adopted to enhance the invisibility of backdoor triggers. Based on image similarity measurement, this book presents two metrics to quantitatively measure the invisibility of backdoor triggers. The invisible trigger design scheme introduced in this book achieves a balance between the invisibility and the effectiveness of backdoor attacks. In the natural language processing domain, it is difficult to design and insert a general backdoor in a manner imperceptible to humans. Any corruption to the textual data (e.g., misspelled words or randomly inserted trigger words/sentences) must retain context-awareness and readability to human inspectors. This book introduces two novel hidden backdoor attacks, targeting three major natural language processing tasks, including toxic comment detection, neural machine translation, and question answering, depending on whether the targeted NLP platform accepts raw Unicode characters.The emerged distributed training framework, i.e., federated learning, has advantages in preserving users' privacy. It has been widely used in electronic medical applications, however, it also faced threats derived from backdoor attacks. This book presents a novel backdoor detection framework in FL-based e-Health systems. We hope this book can provide insightful lights on understanding the backdoor attacks in different types of learning-based algorithms, including computer vision, natural language processing, and federated learning. The systematic principle in this book also offers valuable guidance on the defense of backdoor attacks against future learning-based algorithms.

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the intersection of urban planning, transportation, technology, and smart city development. With a keen focus on sustainability and the potential for positive change, it presents a collection of diverse chapters that shed light on emerging trends and innovative solutions in the field. The book examines the role of urban ropeways as both a public transport service and a catalyst for touristic development, highlighting their potential benefits and challenges. It also introduces novel approaches to measuring accessibility and transportation potential using Space Syntax and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), providing valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers. The chapters delve into specific areas of study, such as the driving behavior of individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder, the mobility challenges faced by women in developing countries, and alternative methods of snow and ice removal in parkingareas through hydronic heating. Furthermore, the book explores the intersection of sustainability, smart cities, and global travel, considering the impact of aviation on climate change and the potential of digital humanism in the metaverse. It also examines the implications and challenges of cultural biases in smart city development, emphasizing the need for inclusive and culturally sensitive approaches. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) in housing is discussed, focusing on the domotization of sustainable walls and their potential benefits for energy efficiency and sustainable living. The use of immersive technologies in virtual heritage is explored, showcasing innovative tourist experiences and highlighting the case of the Berati Ethnographic Museum. The book also addresses the potential of web mapping applications for smart city development, the behavioral attitudes toward ridesharing and mode preferences of shared automated electric vehicles, the development of wind turbine systems for vehicle battery recharging, and the application of knowledge-driven problem identification in transformative city design and development. "Smart City Innovations" serves as a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of urban planning, transportation, and smart cities. By addressing pressing challenges and presenting innovative solutions, this book aims to inspire positive change and contribute to the creation of sustainable and livable urban environments.

This book presents the latest synthetic protocols for the assembly of functionalized Cp ligands and their transition metal complexes. Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) complexes of transition metals belong to the most important classes of transition metal complexes with tightly bound ligands in the coordination sphere since their discovery in the middle of the last century. Even though they have been known for a long time, this field constantly evolves to deliver novel modified Cp ligands and complexes and to blossom into new fields of application. Beside the synthesis of ligands and metal complexes this book concentrates on novel and prospering fields of their application in organic synthesis. In this respect the Cp complexes have been applied to induce and catalyze various significant chemical transformations such as new C-C bond formation involving unsaturated substrates (e.g. cyclotrimerizations, cycloadditions, carbometallations, etc.), C-H bond and C-C bond activations followed by subsequent reactions (e.g. arylation, alkenylations, annulations, etc.), as well as many other processes. This volume also covers the recent development and application of chiral Cp complexes in enantioselective synthesis.

Details in depth the current novel and future directions of diagnosis, treatment, and analysis of medical problems that relate to virology Provides examples of the practical applications of novel procedures and approachesIncluded are vanguard topics such as the use of Evidence-Based Medicine, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Fractals

This volume gathers the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (7ICEES), held in Antalya, Turkey on November 6-10, 2023, and affiliated with the 18th World Conference on Seismic Isolation (18WCSI). The conference discussed state-of-the-art information as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to earthquake engineering and seismology, in particular structural or non-structural risk mitigation tools for critical infrastructure. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

This book offers a thorough examination of frailty, covering its complexity through sections on foundational concepts, pathogenesis research, assessment methods, management strategies, care settings, its relation to other chronic conditions, and societal implications. It provides a deep understanding of frailty's scientific basis, advanced assessment tools, innovative management, and prevention approaches, and examines frailty within diverse care settings and in relation to other health conditions. By integrating multidisciplinary insights, it presents a holistic view of frailty, addressing its clinical, societal, and policy-related aspects, aiming to enhance well-being and inform clinical practitioners, educators, and policymakers.This book can serve as a reference guide with up-to-date information on frailty in older adults for geriatric medicine physicians, primary care clinicians, geroscience researchers, nurses, therapists (OT, PT, ST), and social workers.

This volume contains new papers addressing a number of new and traditional issues pertaining to the roles of representations in visual perception.Among these issues is the one concerning the nature of the perceptual state itself ¿ e. g. on the issue of whether the perceptual state, like its distal objects, is structured, for instance by possessing a spatial character. Other issues include those of whether at least aspects of the distal object are presented immediately to us visually, whether representation plays any (interesting) role in disjunctivist and naïve realist accounts of visual experience and the relationship among visual perception, attention and representation.The anthology includes a wide variety of positions on the subject of the roles of representations in visual perception, which would help to close the literature gap and will be of interest to scholars from all schools and trends of philosophy of mind.

This book emerges as a seminal work, addressing the critical need for robust security for power line communications (PLC), during an era where digital interconnectivity is paramount yet vulnerable. This comprehensive volume offers a deep dive into the realm of PLC, a technology increasingly central to our interconnected power grid infrastructure and explores its potential as a cornerstone for various applications. This book opens with a clear and informative introduction to PLC, shedding light on its present status and importance. The authors then delve into the heart of the matter: the application of physical layer security (PLS) in PLC networks. PLS, an emerging field in its own right, is presented as a vital complement or alternative to traditional communications security methods, especially relevant for securing networks of low-complexity devices that are pivotal in PLC applications. This exhaustive treatment of PLS in PLC is unprecedented, both in its scope and depth. This book not only clarifies the fundamental principles of PLS in PLC, but also provides actionable insights for mitigating risks and enhancing resilience. Targeted towards engineers, researchers, graduate students and practitioners grappling with the multifaceted aspects of cybersecurity in energy infrastructure, this book stands out for its clarity, rigor, and the practical applicability of its content. The authors share the results of their extensive research journey and practice, presenting compelling use cases that underscore the practicality of their findings, as well as insights to be prepared for the next challenges in the security of the grid infrastructure.

This book is a detailed exploration of mobile technologies in the healthcare sector. The book starts with an overview of WiFi-based systems for activity recognition, utilizing existing infrastructure for health monitoring. It then examines mmWave technology for its precision in health systems and the design of a sophisticated fitness assistant system. The narrative progresses to wearable technologies, emphasizing their role in personal fitness and injury prevention. A significant focus is on eating habit monitoring for comprehensive dietary analysis. The book concludes with an innovative use of PPG sensors in wearables for intricate applications like gesture recognition and user authentication. Looking ahead, the book outlines future research directions, emphasizing the importance of securing deep learning techniques in mobile health technologies, developing adaptive systems for dynamic environments, and creating integrated systems for personalized medicine and comprehensive health monitoring. This forward-looking perspective highlights the need for proactive, preventive, and tailored healthcare solutions. This book discusses various challenges in designing effective and robust mobile healthcare systems. One of the major challenges is collecting accurate and reliable sensor data, given the complexity and variability of human activities. This book tackled this challenge through innovative sensing modalities like WiFi, millimeter wave signals, and photoplethysmography that can capture fine-grained details about human activities and physiology. Robust algorithms are designed to extract meaningful features from the sensor data to interpret activities, gestures, and biometrics. System robustness across diverse environments is another big challenge in mobile healthcare. The solutions presented by this book could adapt to different settings using advanced learning techniques such as environment-invariant analysis and domain adaptation training. The book also dealt with practical issues like reducing training efforts, handling motion artifacts, and implementing systems using commercially available devices. Overall, this book provides comprehensive methodologies leveraging cutting-edge mobile technologies to address key challenges in developing real-world healthcare applications for continuous monitoring, personalized assistance, dietary tracking, gesture recognition, and user authentication. The systems are designed to work reliably despite environmental variations, individual differences, and device constraints.

This book delves into the intertwined narratives of Poland and Germany's post-war experiences, shedding light on their shared trauma from World War II and subsequent confrontations with communism. Authored by scholars from Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Warsaw and Law School of Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, it opens a critical dialogue about the nations' efforts to recover from war, dictatorship, and human rights abuses. From constitutional law to criminal justice, the chapters explore diverse facets of their shared history, offering fresh insights and reflections. This collaborative effort culminates in a comprehensive analysis of post-war politics and legal frameworks, providing valuable perspectives on transitional justice and human rights protection. Through meticulous research and interdisciplinary discourse, the book aims to deepen Polish-German friendship, foster academic cooperation, and honor the memory of past generations while envisioning a future rooted in the rule of law, human rights, and peace for both nations and Europe as a whole. Through insightful contributions and meticulous research, it navigates complex legal and political landscapes, providing valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities inherent in navigating the legacies of war, dictatorship, and human rights abuses. It reflects on the profound implications of historical events, such as the Treaty of Versailles and the Nuremberg Trials, on legal and political landscapes. Through detailed examinations of institutional transformations and legal frameworks, it highlights the challenges of confronting past injustices and shaping future trajectories.

Traditional products are becoming smart products, and smart products are becoming connected. From smart homes to smart cities to smart farms, this trend in product design and development is likely to accelerate and will have a profound impact on the future.This accessible textbook/reference focuses on using the Internet of Things (IoT) to foster sustainability. It guides readers in a step-by-step manner through the creation of example applications designed to promote a clean and healthy environment. Additionally, the book serves as a lesson in systems design, taking the view that the IoT is best understood as an extension of the World Wide Web. Therefore, the exposition examines how the Web was designed and how its principles can be applied to IoT design.The book engages readers with modern IoT technologies, standards, and platforms. It connects sensors and actuators to the cloud, but in a way that is based on sound architectural principles.Topics and features: - Combines principles of computer science with hands-on exercises and programming- Includes the Particle Photon 2 microcontroller, and uses Node.js and Node-RED- Covers cryptocurrencies, machine learning, and identification technologies- Examines sensing and actuation using The Photon 2 and MQTT- Leverages large language models in exercises The IoT has countless applications, making this textbook/reference appealing to a wide variety of readers. In particular, those pursuing or interested in computer science, internet technologies, product design, city planning, sensor networks, or software design will find the book intriguing and useful. Dr. Barry Burd is a Professor at Drew University. Mr. Michael McCarthy is an Associate Teaching Professor at Carnegie Mellon University, and Mr. Ian Pollock is an Associate Professor at California State University, East Bay.

This book describes the worldwide evolution of land-based visual time signals that were used by mariners in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries for accurate navigation at sea. They followed development of chronometers which were carried in ships to show mean time at Greenwich, the chosen prime meridian. Greenwich time could be compared with local astronomical time to determine longitude, but chronometers were mechanical devices that had to be checked for accuracy. Land-based signals that were regulated by astronomical observations evolved from the ideas in 1818 of Robert Wauchope, a British naval officer who served at the Cape of Good Hope. He inspired introduction of time balls, specifically the time ball at Greenwich in 1833 which set the standard for subsequent installations and is still in operation today. The main emphasis is on the external appearance of time signals at different locations around the world and how they were used by mariners for rating chronometers. Time balls and guns also became popular signals for public use and workplace control but then had social and political implications.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 30th International Working Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality, REFSQ 2024, held in Winterthur, Switzerland, during April 8-12, 2024.The 14 full papers and 8 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: quality models for requirements engineering; quality requirements; explainability with and in requirements engineering; artificial intelligence for requirements engineering; natural language processing for requirements engineering; requirements engineering for artificial intelligence; crowd-based requirements engineering; and emerging topics and challenges in requirements engineering.

This book reports on innovative materials research with a special emphasis on methods, modeling, and simulation tools for analyzing material behavior, emerging materials, and composites, and their applications in manufacturing and automotive, among others. It gathers the proceedings of the fourth International Conference on Advanced Materials Mechanics and Manufacturing, A3M2023, held on March 20-21, 2023, in Sousse, Tunisia, and organized by the Laboratory of Mechanics, Modeling, and Manufacturing (LA2MP) of the National School of Engineers of Sfax. The book covers findings from experimental analyses and numerical simulations of material behavior, characterization of new materials, structures and composites, optimization methods and Artifical Intelligence applications. Offering a good balance of fundamental research and practice-oriented findings, it provides researchers and professionals with a timely snapshot of engineering methods in mechanics, materials and manufacturing.

The book is a comprehensive collection of extended contributions from the Workshops on Computational Optimization 2022. Our everyday life is unthinkable without optimization. We try to minimize our effort and to maximize the achieved profit. Many real world and industrial problems arising in engineering, economics, medicine, and other domains can be formulated as optimization tasks. This book presents recent advances in computational optimization. The book includes important real problems like modeling of physical processes, parameter settings for controlling different processes, agricultural modeling transportation problems, energy management, machine scheduling, air pollution modeling, optimization of fast-food restaurant chain, and solving engineering and financial problems. It shows how to develop algorithms for them based on new intelligent methods like evolutionary computations, ant colony optimization, constrain programming Monte Carlo method, and others. This book demonstrates how some real-world problems arising in engineering, economics, and other domains can be formulated as optimization problems.

This book proposes a novel connectionist approach to a challenging topic of language modeling within the context of kernel memory and artificial mind system, both proposed previously by the author in the very first volume of the series, Artificial Mind System--Kernel Memory Approach: Studies in Computational Intelligence, Vol. 1. The present volume focuses on how syntactic structures of language are modeled in terms of the respective composite connectionist architectures, each embracing both the nonsymbolic and symbolic parts. These two parts are developed via inter-module processes within the artificial mind system and eventually integrated under a unified framework of kernel memory. The data representation by the networks embodied within the kernel memory principle is essentially local, unlike conventional artificial neural network models such as the pervasive multilayer perceptron-based neural networks. With this locality principle, kernel memory inherently bears many attractive features, such as topologically unconstrained network formation, straightforward network growing, shrinking, and reconfiguration, no requirement of arduous iterative parameter tuning, construction of transparent and hierarchical data structures, and multimodal and temporal data processing via the network representation. Exploiting these multifacet properties of kernel memory with interweaving the notion of inter-module processing within the artificial mind system provides coherent accounts for concept formation and how various linguistic phenomena, viz. word compoundings, morphologies, and multiword constructions, are modeled. The description is then extended to more intricate network models of context-dependent lexical network and syntactic-oriented processing, the latter being the central theme of the present study, and further to those representing a hybrid of nonverbal and verbal thinking, and semantic and pragmatic aspects of sentential meaning. The book is intended for general readers engaging in various areas of study in cognitive science, computer science, engineering, linguistics, philosophy, psycholinguistics, and psychology.

This book provides readers with an introductory overview of art from the perspective of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The author utilizes well-known and important works of art to demonstrate how STEM concepts apply to them. The book's examples include a structural analysis of Michelangelo's David. The author covers major breakthroughs in art history, such as the discovery of perspective. The book also discusses other important elements of art, such as color, from a scientific point of view. The author ensures that readers will understand the art terms used by comparing them with terms used in STEM fields of study.

This book thoroughly examines the design of full-duplex medium access control (MAC) protocols in wireless networks. It is organized into three main sections: (a) Fundamentals and preliminaries of full-duplex communications, (b) A comprehensive review of the existing full-duplex MAC protocols, and (c) Designs of full-duplex MAC protocols in three typical wireless networks, i.e., wireless local access networks (WLANs), multi-hop networks and millimeter-wave networks. Also, the authors extensively address key challenges in these three wireless full-duplex networks, such as the hidden-node problem, accumulative interference, and deafness and blockage problems. Solutions to these challenges are meticulously devised to enhance the overall network performance.The wireless full-duplex communication technique, facilitating simultaneous transmission and reception within the same frequency band, holds immense potential for enhancing spectrum efficiency and network capacity. It emerges as a pivotal technology in the sixth-generation (6G) networks. This book provides a comprehensive review and in-depth exploration of full-duplex MAC design across various networks, encompassing WLANs, multi-hop networks, and millimeter-wave networks. Acknowledging the challenges faced by full-duplex WLANs, particularly the hidden-node problem, it also introduces a pioneering hidden-node-free design and a MAC protocol design, which features a full-duplex enhanced carrier-sensing mechanism. Addressing the need to augment end-to-end throughput in multi-hop networks employing full-duplex relaying, the authors present an analytical model for end-to-end throughput and propose a multi-hop full-duplex MAC protocol designed to optimize network performance. Furthermore, the exploration extends to full-duplex millimeter-wave networks, delving into issues of deafness and blockage. A directional full-duplex MAC protocol is introduced to enhance network capacity and mitigate blockage problems. This book concludes by outlining prospective research directions within the related fields of study and offers valuable insights for future exploration.This book targets researchers and advanced level students in computer science and electrical engineering. It also caters to professionals engaged in the fields of wireless networks, full-duplex system, protocol design, and network optimization will also buy this book.

The book tries to answer the most fundamental question of whether there is a link between abundant food supply and economic growth with respect to a higher degree of human development. In order to have flourishing economic growth within a country the need for a food security system is a must. The world as we know is faced with shortages of food supply which has been a major factor in the country's economic development. The book is an attempt to understand the problems and current situation of food systems in the developing world. It focuses on the pathways to understand the challenges that it faces and predict future scenarios. The motive is to create academic literature to understand the basis of sustainable food security. The social, economic, and political factors become the main theme of the book. It focuses on the interdisciplinary nature of food security. Many a time we only understand the idea of food security through the lens of scientific nature but in the meantime, it forgets the other important factors that are governing the issue of food security. The inclusion of the cases section in the book helps to outline the current scenarios of the developing world. It helps to formulate a pathway or a way forward to understand the causes of food security. Food has now become a political context in the international system. The need for analyzing the political angle is necessary. The context of innovations and technological developments forms an important part of food security. The critique of existing policy systems across the developing world is a must need discussion as it is the policies that will make the food systems sustainable. Last but not least is to look at how the global food systems work and how far it has been able to fix the problems of food insecurity in the developing world. Overall, the book is an excellent interdisciplinary food security literature.

Medical imaging is fundamental to modern healthcare, and its widespread use has resulted in creation of image databases. These repositories contain images from a diverse range of modalities, multidimensional as well as co-aligned multimodality images. These image collections offer opportunity for evidence-based diagnosis, teaching, and research. Advances in medical image analysis over last two decades shows there are now many algorithms and ideas available that allow to address medical image analysis tasks in commercial solutions with sufficient performance in terms of accuracy, reliability and speed. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is an image search technique that complements the conventional text-based retrieval of images by using visual features, such as color, texture, and shape, as search criteria. This book emphasizes the design of wavelet filter-banks as efficient and effective feature descriptors for medical image retrieval.Firstly, a generalized novel design of a family of multiplier-free orthogonal wavelet filter-banks is presented. In this, the dyadic filter coefficients are obtained based on double-shifting orthogonality property with allowable deviation from original filter coefficients. Next, a low complex symmetric Daub-4 orthogonal wavelet filter-bank is presented. This is achieved by slightly altering the perfect reconstruction condition to make designed filter-bank symmetric and to obtain dyadic filter coefficients. In third contribution, the first dyadic Gabor wavelet filter-bank is presented based on slight alteration in orientation parameter without disturbing remaining Gabor wavelet parameters. In addition, a novel feature descriptor based on the design of adaptive Gabor wavelet filter-bank is presented. The use of Maximum likelihood estimation is suggested to measure the similarity between the feature vectors of heterogeneous medical images. The performance of the suggested methods is evaluated on three different publicly available databases namely NEMA, OASIS and EXACT09. The performance in terms of average retrieval precision, average retrieval recall and computational time are compared with well-known existing methods.

This volume highlights cutting-edge research on Zero waste management and the associated effects of waste on the environment. Predominantly, it focuses on the challenges of dealing with the amassed production of waste and the cumulative impact of increasing waste on the biosphere. Different sections of this book focus on the comprehensive overview of the technological advancements driving the Zero Waste movement. Furthermore, it explores innovations in waste reduction, recycling, and repurposing, from a global perspective, examining the diverse cultural, social, and economic factors influencing the adoption of zero waste strategies worldwide. In addition, it discusses the challenges, and opportunities inherent in promoting a unified global effort toward sustainable resource management. Discover the latest breakthroughs in waste reduction, recycling, and resource optimization. This essential guide empowers you to implement practical, innovative solutions for a greener future. Whether a business owner, environmental enthusiast, or simply curious about sustainable living, this book is a roadmap to a cleaner and healthier planet.

This textbook introduces readers to a comprehensive framework for the application of deterministic optimization strategies in the field of chemical processes, with a strong emphasis on sustainability.The book establishes a vital connection between fundamental deterministic optimization principles, optimization tools, and real-world application instances, all within the context of environmentally responsible practices. The approach put forth in this book is exceptionally versatile, allowing for the use of many optimization software and deterministic techniques.Contained in the book are many fundamental optimization concepts, encompassing linear programming, nonlinear programming, integer programming, and multi-objective optimization, all tailored to promote sustainable decision-making. Furthermore, the book provides practical examples illustrating the application of these techniques within sustainable chemical processes as tutorials.The textbook also explores the utilization of popular optimization software platforms such as GAMS, MATLAB, and Python, demonstrating how these tools can be leveraged for eco-friendly process optimization. Through this comprehensive framework, readers can not only acquire the skills needed to optimize a wide range of processes but also learn how to do so with sustainability at the forefront of their considerations. This approach streamlines the optimization process, eliminating unnecessary complications along the way and ensuring that environmental and ethical considerations are integral to the decision-making process.

The two-volume open access book set LNCS 14576 + 14577 constitutes the proceedings of the 33rd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2024, which was held during April 6-11, 2024, in Luxemburg, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024.The 25 full papers and 1 fresh perspective paper presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows:Part I: Effects and modal types; bidirectional typing and session types; dependent types; Part II: Quantum programming and domain-specific languages; verification; program analysis; abstract interpretation.

The two-volume open access book set LNCS 14576 + 14577 constitutes the proceedings of the 33rd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2024, which was held during April 6-11, 2024, in Luxemburg, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2024.The 25 full papers and 1 fresh perspective paper presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 72 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows:Part I: Effects and modal types; bidirectional typing and session types; dependent types; Part II: Quantum programming and domain-specific languages; verification; program analysis; abstract interpretation.