Bøger udgivet af Springer

This book focuses on the propagation characterization and channel modeling of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) communications. Currently, there are no books that cover this specific topic, and the authors fill in this void by elaborating accurate yet easy-to-use UAV channel models. The authors present such topics as propagation characteristics of UAV communications, a time stationary regular-shaped geometry-based stochastic model (RS-GBSM) for UAV narrowband channels. It also introduces a time non-stationary RS-GBSM for UAV narrowband channels, a time non-stationary RS-GBSM for UAV wideband channels, a time-space non-stationary irregular-shaped geometry-based stochastic model (IS-GBSM) for UAV wideband channels and more. Finally, this book closes up with some promising directions, hoping to promote future research outcomes in the field of UAV channel modeling. As the UAV technology matures rapidly, UAV communications are shifting from military development to civilian and commercial sectors. The UAV communication is widely considered as a significant and indispensable component of wireless communications. It is well known that an accurate yet easy-to-use UAV channel model is the foundation of designing a proper UAV communication system and evaluating its performance. This book also provides valuable suggestions for the design of UAV communication systems by adequately presenting the UAV propagation characterization and channel modeling. This book is mainly written for researchers and professionals in wireless communications. Advanced-level students majoring in computer science or electrical engineering may also find the content useful as a secondary textbook.

Includes a free version of ionospheric scintillation monitor software. The data are related to various events, such as earthquakes and solar eclipsesPresents an application of Software Defined Radio (SDR) to ionospheric researchTechnical language and mathematical formalization is described in very clear and intuitive way

This brief provides a comprehensive overview of nanocarriers used for nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds. It includes the basis of encapsulation mechanism, encapsulation efficiency, controlled release, target delivery, and its application in food, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals.

The volume provides grounded and contemporary insight into multilingual education from diverse perspectives - stemming from the authors' epistemic, cultural and geographic positioning around the world in different educational milieu - and will give both academic and practitioner audiences an up-to-date picture of multilingual education in the early 2020s. Multilingual education policies are continually implemented, re-evaluated and debated around the world, from primary to tertiary education. Fundamentally, however, educational policies manifest in classroom practice; the language envisaged in policy becomes the languaging of practice as teachers, learners and stakeholders negotiate educational curricula together. Internal and external forces - from resourcing to the Internet, to broader events such as pandemics and changes in government - shape the landscapes in which policies are enacted. The volume is extending the themes of the Multilingual Education Yearbook series in line with current developments in theory, research and practice. As such, this book provides a wealth of information to practitioners (teachers and teacher educators), researchers in applied linguistics and language education, postgraduate students in the field of applied linguistics, and policymakers.

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic presented Polish legislators with a host of legal dilemmas, the aftermath of which resulted in numerous legislative changes. A significant part of these relate to entrepreneurial law in a broad sense. However, the situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic also had a broader dimension, resulting in the introduction of exceptions as the global norm. Similarly, in the domestic legal order, the actions of public authorities in various forms (restrictions, limitations, and ultimately the Lockdown), as well as non-legislative legal activity gave rise to many problems in Poland and have been the subject of various assessments. Hence, the book analyses the legal situation of entrepreneurs in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic both in terms of the amendments and changes introduced and the new regulations, commonly referred to in the public sphere as "covid laws" or "anti-covid shields". Therefore, the book assesses the legal solutions and the level of legislative technique in the broadly understood entrepreneurial law. It focuses on the solutions introduced by Polish legislators and seeks to answer the following questions: to what extent did the relevant public authorities appropriately respond to the threats posed by the pandemic, and did they effectively provide legal protection for entrepreneurs?

This book presents selected, peer-reviewed proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2022), held in the city of Can Tho, Vietnam, from 10 to 13 November 2022. The purpose of the conference is to explore and ensure an understanding of the critical aspects contributing to sustainable development with a focus on advanced mechanical engineering, automation, materials, machines and methods. The contributions published in this book come from authors representing universities, research institutes and industrial companies and reflect the results of a very broad spectrum of research, from micro- and nanoscale materials design and processing, to mechanical engineering technology in industry. Many of the contributions selected for these proceedings focus on materials modeling, eco-material processes and mechanical manufacturing.Volume 3 of this book focuses on topics dedicated to sustainable approaches inmachine design, life cycle engineering, and energy management for manufacturing processes.

Relying upon extensive global and multidisciplinary research, this book analyzes the perils of market-driven scenarios and peeps into the possibilities responsible for the failure of traditional approaches. It helps in identifying the goals and approaches amenable to sustainable development reflecting upon an ecologically and inclusively sustainable global future. It enriches knowledge base of all research scholars and professionals as well as paves the way for bravely facing the challenges to the sustainability. The book also sheds light on the current and future trends in the domain of sustainability in terms of scenarios, strategies to be adopted, anticipated transitions in climate, and evolution and adoption of best sustainable practices for the common good.Academicians and researchers and professionals from across universities, research, governmental, and private organizations have made their invaluable contributions. The perspectives contributed are drawn from Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, and South and Southeast Asia. They cover a spectrum of topics, covering the philosophy underlying sustainable development, organizations, ethics, belief systems, cultures, use of resources, energy, models, cost-benefit analysis, international trade, financial aid, forestry, wildlife, land rights, fisheries, and more. Irrespective of the reader's interest on sustainable development, this book embodies meaningful and productive intent and content. The chapters present well-known topics but with different perspectives, suggesting ways to enhance the present practices and proposing new avenues in furthering the work. The book is intended to cover a wide range of audiences, catering to the needs of a diverse readership. The value of this book is quantified in terms of new concepts and terminology it generates and works as a reference source.

As new threats emerge, the use of AI technologies to protect the world we live in is topical. This book is divided into three parts: methodological fundamentals of AI, use of AI for critical infrastructure protection, and anomaly detection. The first part describes the latest knowledge about creating safe AIs and using them to enhance protection. The following parts present various domains and examples of AI-driven security. The chapters describe potential methods, demonstrate use cases and discuss the challenges of the evolving field. This includes topics such as defensive use of AI to detect threats, discussion about the offensive use of AI to better understand the future threat landscape, the use of AI for automation in critical infrastructure and overall challenges of AI usage for critical tasks. The chapters cover domains such as small enterprises, logistics, smart grid, software security and mobile networks. Understanding latest advancements in this field should be useful to those who want to comprehend modern cybersecurity in detail, and especially to experts in the field, who want to follow research and latest trends. To this effect, this book brings together a group of international researchers and professionals who present their views on how to create security through AI.

The high-resolution palynological study of the varved sediments of Lake Montcortès has provided a unique record of the regional vegetation shifts over the last 3000 years and of the natural and anthropogenic drivers of ecological change, unparalleled in the Mediterranean. This book shows in detail how the terrestrial ecosystems of Montcortès have responded to climatic events such as the Medieval Climate Anomaly or the Little Ice Age, as well as to varying intensities of anthropogenic pressure from the Bronze Age to the present. The knowledge gained from this palaeoecological study is useful not only for understanding how the modern landscapes of the Pyrenees were shaped, but also for conserving biodiversity and ecosystems in the face of future environmental changes related to ongoing global change. The book is aimed at researchers, university teachers and advanced graduate students in a wide range of disciplines including ecology, palaeoecology, environmental science, biodiversity, geography, sedimentology, archaeology, anthropology, and biodiversity conservation.

This book provides a complete introduction to Artificial Intelligence, covering foundational computational technologies, mathematical principles, philosophical considerations, and engineering disciplines essential for understanding AI. Artificial Intelligence: Principles and Practice emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of AI, integrating insights from psychology, mathematics, neuroscience, and more. The book addresses limitations, ethical issues, and the future promise of AI, emphasizing the importance of ethical considerations in integrating AI into modern society. With a modular design, it offers flexibility for instructors and students to focus on specific components of AI, while also providing a holistic view of the field. Taking a comprehensive but concise perspective on the major elements of the field; from historical background to design practices, ethical issues and more, Artificial Intelligence: Principles and Practice provides the foundations needed for undergraduate or graduate-level courses. The important design paradigms and approaches to AI are explained in a clear, easy-to-understand manner so that readers will be able to master the algorithms, processes, and methods described. The principal intellectual and ethical foundations for creating artificially intelligent artifacts are presented in Parts I and VIII. Part I offers the philosophical, mathematical, and engineering basis for our current AI practice. Part VIII presents ethical concerns for the development and use of AI. Part VIII also discusses fundamental limiting factors in the development of AI technology as well as hints at AI's promising future. We recommended that PART I be used to introduce the AI discipline and that Part VIII be discussed after the AI practice materials. Parts II through VII present the three main paradigms of current AI practice: the symbol-based, the neural network or connectionist, and the probabilistic. Generous use of examples throughout helps illustrate the concepts, and separate end-of-chapter exercises are included. Teaching resources include a solutions manual for the exercises, PowerPoint presentation, and implementations for the algorithms in the book.

This book constitutes the refereed post proceedings of the 17th Italian Workshop on Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation, WIVACE 2023, held in Venice, Italy, during September 6-8, 2023.The 30 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Algorithms for complex systems, Biologically inspired models, Complex chemical systems, Adaptation and swarms, Learning, Medicine and Social systems.

Among the technologies that significantly change the modern world of human existence, it is worth mentioning, first of all, digital technologies. These technologies are actively and relentlessly implemented and integrated into all spheres of human activity and society, becoming a powerful catalyst and a determining source of social development. According to such a scenario of development, society acquires the features of digital, thus defining digital technologies as its leading technology. This process is called the digital transformation of society. The wide use of digital technologies to provide free access to information and knowledge is a basic principle of the digital society. Digital society significantly changes traditional ideas about work, education, culture, communication, social and political life. The development of citizens' digital culture is the main condition for the successful construction of a digital society. Therefore, it is important to carry out scientific research and targeted training to improve the qualifications of specialists in various branches of the economy, in particular, educators and scientists to acquire digital competence. After all, these specialists are key figures in ensuring the process of digitalization of education and science. The book presents various aspects of the digital transformation of education and science. A comprehensive view of the current state and prospects of the use of digital technologies for education and science is provided. The experience of using digital technologies and tools for training and improving the qualifications of specialists of various specialties, as well as for the preparation of future PhDs, is described. The book is addressed to education workers, managers, scientists, graduate students, librarians, and all those who are interested in the process of digital transformation of education and science.

The main subject is the probabilistic extreme value theory. The purpose is to present recent results related to limiting distributions of maxima in incomplete samples from stationary sequences, and results related to extremal properties of different combinatorial configurations. The necessary contents related to regularly varying functions and basic results of extreme value theory are included in the first two chapters with examples, exercises and supplements. The motivation for consideration maxima in incomplete samples arises from the fact that real data are often incomplete. A sequence of observed random variables from a stationary sequence is also stationary only in very special cases. Hence, the results provided in the third chapter are also related to non-stationary sequences. The proof of theorems related to joint limiting distribution of maxima in complete and incomplete samples requires a non-trivial combination of combinatorics and point process theory. Chapter four provides results on the asymptotic behavior of the extremal characteristics of random permutations, the coupon collector's problem, the polynomial scheme, random trees and random forests, random partitions of finite sets, and the geometric properties of samples of random vectors. The topics presented here provide insight into the natural connections between probability theory and algebra, combinatorics, graph theory and combinatorial geometry. The contents of the book may be useful for graduate students and researchers who are interested in probabilistic extreme value theory and its applications.

This book examines disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) during childhood and adolescence. It explores the ways in which explosive anger outbursts and persistent irritability are among the most problematic symptoms in child and adolescent mental health. and may present as a feature of many different psychiatric illnesses. The volume addresses the myriad challenges that youth with a focus on the DMDD diagnosis experience. Chapters focus on key issues of development, behavior, achievement, social relations, and mood. The book describes how to diagnose and conduct clinical assessments of child and adolescent personality and behavior with suspected DMDD.Key areas of coverage include: Comprehensive history of mood dysregulation research and current trends in psychiatric classification (e.g., DSM-5, Research Domain Criteria) and their influence on the clinical assessment of children and adolescents with suspected DMDD.Updates of professional standards to guide clinicians and diagnosticians and discussions of practical considerations in planning and conducting clinical assessments for children with DMDD.Reviews the most recent editions of questionnaires and tests used in the clinical assessment of child and adolescents with suspected DMDD.Differential diagnosis and practical methods for integrating assessment information to develop an effective, multidisciplinary treatment plan.Review of current trends in psychiatric and psychological treatment of DMDD. Clinician Guide to Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Children serves as an essential resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as veteran and early-career clinicians and professionals across such interrelated disciplines as school, clinical child, developmental, and educational psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, school counseling, social work, and public health.

This book introduces a new type of data poisoning attack, dubbed, backdoor attack. In backdoor attacks, an attacker can train the model with poisoned data to obtain a model that performs well on a normal input but behaves wrongly with crafted triggers. Backdoor attacks can occur in many scenarios where the training process is not entirely controlled, such as using third-party datasets, third-party platforms for training, or directly calling models provided by third parties. Due to the enormous threat that backdoor attacks pose to model supply chain security, they have received widespread attention from academia and industry. This book focuses on exploiting backdoor attacks in the three types of DNN applications, which are image classification, natural language processing, and federated learning.Based on the observation that DNN models are vulnerable to small perturbations, this book demonstrates that steganography and regularization can be adopted to enhance the invisibility of backdoor triggers. Based on image similarity measurement, this book presents two metrics to quantitatively measure the invisibility of backdoor triggers. The invisible trigger design scheme introduced in this book achieves a balance between the invisibility and the effectiveness of backdoor attacks. In the natural language processing domain, it is difficult to design and insert a general backdoor in a manner imperceptible to humans. Any corruption to the textual data (e.g., misspelled words or randomly inserted trigger words/sentences) must retain context-awareness and readability to human inspectors. This book introduces two novel hidden backdoor attacks, targeting three major natural language processing tasks, including toxic comment detection, neural machine translation, and question answering, depending on whether the targeted NLP platform accepts raw Unicode characters.The emerged distributed training framework, i.e., federated learning, has advantages in preserving users' privacy. It has been widely used in electronic medical applications, however, it also faced threats derived from backdoor attacks. This book presents a novel backdoor detection framework in FL-based e-Health systems. We hope this book can provide insightful lights on understanding the backdoor attacks in different types of learning-based algorithms, including computer vision, natural language processing, and federated learning. The systematic principle in this book also offers valuable guidance on the defense of backdoor attacks against future learning-based algorithms.

This book presents the latest synthetic protocols for the assembly of functionalized Cp ligands and their transition metal complexes. Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) complexes of transition metals belong to the most important classes of transition metal complexes with tightly bound ligands in the coordination sphere since their discovery in the middle of the last century. Even though they have been known for a long time, this field constantly evolves to deliver novel modified Cp ligands and complexes and to blossom into new fields of application. Beside the synthesis of ligands and metal complexes this book concentrates on novel and prospering fields of their application in organic synthesis. In this respect the Cp complexes have been applied to induce and catalyze various significant chemical transformations such as new C-C bond formation involving unsaturated substrates (e.g. cyclotrimerizations, cycloadditions, carbometallations, etc.), C-H bond and C-C bond activations followed by subsequent reactions (e.g. arylation, alkenylations, annulations, etc.), as well as many other processes. This volume also covers the recent development and application of chiral Cp complexes in enantioselective synthesis.

Details in depth the current novel and future directions of diagnosis, treatment, and analysis of medical problems that relate to virology Provides examples of the practical applications of novel procedures and approachesIncluded are vanguard topics such as the use of Evidence-Based Medicine, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Fractals

This volume gathers the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (7ICEES), held in Antalya, Turkey on November 6-10, 2023, and affiliated with the 18th World Conference on Seismic Isolation (18WCSI). The conference discussed state-of-the-art information as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to earthquake engineering and seismology, in particular structural or non-structural risk mitigation tools for critical infrastructure. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

This volume contains new papers addressing a number of new and traditional issues pertaining to the roles of representations in visual perception.Among these issues is the one concerning the nature of the perceptual state itself ¿ e. g. on the issue of whether the perceptual state, like its distal objects, is structured, for instance by possessing a spatial character. Other issues include those of whether at least aspects of the distal object are presented immediately to us visually, whether representation plays any (interesting) role in disjunctivist and naïve realist accounts of visual experience and the relationship among visual perception, attention and representation.The anthology includes a wide variety of positions on the subject of the roles of representations in visual perception, which would help to close the literature gap and will be of interest to scholars from all schools and trends of philosophy of mind.