Bøger udgivet af Stanford University Press

This is an original and important study of nation formation as social imaginary . . . adopting insights from a variety of disciplines (literary criticism, cultural studies, psychoanalysis, philosophy, economics). Vassilis Lambropolous, Ohio State University."

This innovative work is the first to approach the awakening of China as a historical problem in its own right, and to locate this problem within the broader history of the rise of modern China. It analyzes the link between the awakening of China as a historical narrative and the awakening of the Chinese people as a political technique for building a sovereign and independent state. In sum, it asks what we mean when we say that China "woke up" in this century. Fiction and fashion, architecture and autobiography, take their places alongside politics and history, and the reader is asked to move about among writers, philosophers, ethnographers, revolutionaries, and soldiers who would seem to have little in common. Rumor is sometimes taken as seriously as truth, novels are consulted as frequently as documents, and dreams are given a prominence normally reserved for facts in the writing of history. This book follows the legend of China's awakening from its origins in the European imagination, to its transmission to China and its encounter with a lyrical Chinese tradition of ethical awakening, to its incorporation and mobilization in a mass movement designed to wake up everyone. The idea of a national awakening crossed all discursive boundaries to make room for nationalist politics in personal culture and helped to conscript personal culture into service of the revolutionary state. The book focuses on the Nationalist movement in south China, highlighting the role of Sun Yat-sen as director of awakenings in the Nationalist Revolution and the place of Mao Zedong as his successor in the politics of mass awakening. Of special interest is the previously untold story of Mao's role in the NationalistPropaganda Bureau, showing Mao as a master of propaganda and discipline, rather than as peasant movement activist.

This innovative work seeks to reverse the perspective and reasoning of anthropology and to develop an alternative mode of conceiving culture that would not automatically privilege the colonizing West. That necessarily involves a critique of the ethnological reason that extracts elements from their context, aestheticizes them, and then uses their supposed differences to classify types of political, economic, or religious ensembles. Such reason yields classical oppositions like the State versus segmentary societies, market versus subsistence economies, and Islam or Christianity versus paganism.As an alternative, the author opposes to exclusionary categories a mestizo logic that sees social phenomena as situated on a continuum and accentuates indistinction and the originary syncretism in all cultures and other ways of categorizing human life. The book s rich source material is drawn from the author s fifteen years of fieldwork and research in West Africa.The opening chapters first treat the notion of ethnological reasonits history and ideological practicesthen oppose to it the reality of cultural tension, the fact that conflicts and negotiations bring about transformations in the identity of collectivities. The following two chapters illustrate a real system of transformation, and question some basic concepts of political anthropology. The discussion continues in a more illustrative manner over the next two chapters, which present case studies of two West African societies that challenge typologies of political anthropology and ethnographic classification.The last three chapterson white paganism, cultural identities and cultural models, and understanding and actingsituate the debate within a wider historical framework of political and cultural confrontations. Who defines ethnicities, identities, differences ? Where can one find them as pure essences witnessing to their own originary beings?"

This book reconstructs Marx and Engels's theory of freedom, highlights its centrality to their vision of the communist society of the future, traces its development in the history of Marxist thought (including Marxism-Leninism), and explains how it was transformed at the height of its influence into a legitimation of totalitarian practices. The author contributes to the explanation of the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by showing the inherently utopian character of the idea of a marketless economy and by interpreting the Soviet communist experiment as a failed attempt to realize this utopia. Hence, he provides substantial arguments for the view that "really existing socialism" has never been a viable, stable alternative to the market economies of the West. The book's title echoes Engels's phrase "the leap from the kingdom of necessity to the kingdom of freedom". "The kingdom of necessity" refers to the Marxist conception of the laws of history, "the leap" to the dictatorship of the proletariat, and "the kingdom of freedom" to the communist conception of freedom as control over economic and social forces. For Marx, the main enemy of human freedom was not political coercion but the "blind", uncontrollable forces of the market. Thus freedom could be realized only through rational planning that would liberate people from their dependence on material things and alienated social forces. The Leninist determination to realize this ideal regardless of social cost was supported by confidence that the scientific understanding of the laws of history provided (allegedly) by Marxism made the communist party virtually infallible and legitimized its claim to unlimitedpower. Thus, Soviet totalitarianism was a predictable result of a politically forced development aimed toward "the kingdom of freedom". But the dependence of the Soviet regime on ideological legitimization was also its hidden weakness. The Soviet system was unable to develop self-regulating economic mechanisms and could exist only in conditions of political mobilization and ideocratic pressure. The inevitable erosion of the system's legitimizing ideology set in motion a slow retreat from totalitarianism and communism. Under Gorbachev, the acceleration of this retreat brought about the dismantling of the entire system.

This book offers new readings of several prominent early modern texts, examining the connection between melancholia, narcissism, sexual difference, and literary form in works by Tasso, Marvell, Shakespeare, and Webster. Reading each work in light of contemporary psychoanalytic theory, the book demonstrates that the figural language of melancholia fractures and dislocates masculine identity in the very movement that gives it shape. By carefully reading the linguistic, poetic, and rhetorical problems that characterize early modern representations of "male" melancholia, the book helps specify precisely what difference the intersection between psychoanalysis and semiotics makes for understanding the elusive relationship between historically variable representations of identity, aesthetic activity, and sexuality. It studies various disruptive encounters with a mirror image in epic, lyric, and drama, analyzing each text's representation of what counts as a "male" self according to the formal and rhetorical problems raised by its own language. It does so in order to interrogate anew the complex, and not always intuitive, relationship between subjectivity, eros, and literary form.

The eight essays collected here extend the author's re-evaluation of the philosophical underpinnings of psychoanalysis and thereby develop his arguments for increased attention to the role of affect - of the emotional tie, in our conceptions of the psychoanalytic subject. The author analyses the political and ethical implications of Freud's work in the first part, Freudian Politics.

Collection of 13 essays by leading authority on the postconquest Nahuas. Underlying most of the papers is the use of Nahuatl manuscripts to illuminate the society and culture of native Mexicans in the Spanish colonial period.

This is the first of four monumental volumes that will carry the story of waka, the classical tradition of Japanese poetry, from its beginnings in ancient song to the sixteenth century. The present volume, which contains almost 1,600 songs and poems, covers the period from the earliest times to 784, and includes many of the finest works in the literature as well as providing evocative glimpses of the spirit and folkways of early Japanese civilization. For a poetry anthology, the volume has a great deal of prose. Some of this consists of translations of prose settings where available, because the poems often form part of a literary whole with their attendant prose, such integration being a characteristic feature of early Japanese literature. But the great bulk of the prose is the extensive commentary; a special feature of this anthology; arranged so as to introduce the poems and to provide historical, biographical, and literary information that allows for a full appreciation of the poems. The combination of poems, prose settings, and commentary makes this work a unique contribution to the study of Japanese poetry. The translations of the poems aim to be both faithful to the original and alive as literature, with great attention paid to nuance, cadence, and tone. The author writes: "The people who utter the poems in this book are real to me, whether I know their biographies or not. Their loves and hates (and admiration of mountains and trees) are not other than my own. And so l have not hesitated to bring myself to this book." The texts drawn upon for the poems are the ancient chronicles Kojiki, Nihonshoki, and Shoku Nihongi; the fudoki, a set of eighth-century local gazetteers; Man'yoshu, the massive eighth-century compendium of early poetry (about one fourth of that work is included); and the Bussokuseki poems carved on a stone tablet at a temple in Nara. All poems are presented in facing romanization and translation. The book contains a glossary, notes, bibliography, two conversion tables, index of poems by author, first-line index, and general index.