Bøger udgivet af Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG

Magneto-sensitive elastomers (MSE) are self-adjusting materials. They are able to react in a target-oriented acting to changes in operating or environmental conditions. Prepared by mixing magnetic fillers within the rubber matrix, the performance of MSE mainly depends on the filler particles, the vulcanisation process and the applied external magnetic field during use. It was found that the magnetic filler strongly affects the reinforcement potential of MSE as well as its sensitivity to external magnetic field. By curing in an external magnetic field, anisotropic samples with oriented magnetic filler particles can be prepared. The distribution of magnetic filler particles within the MSE samples considerably influence the magneto-mechanical response of MSE. The micromechanical dynamical flocculation model was used to model the measurement data. Some fit parameters were governed by the external magnetic field during application, confirming that changing the magnetic properties of the surroundings inevitably influences the magneto-mechanical properties of MSE.

In this book, we present and solve the problem of trip itinerary planning for tourist groups, where we assume that each tourist has individual preferences for points of interest and preferences with whom in the group s/he would like to share travelling. This problem has practical relevance, since often tourists prefer going on the trip in the company of the others (i.e. family members, friends, colleagues, etc.), while aiming to visit points of interest that meet their individual preferences. Hence, the proposed solution can relieve the tourists from the task complex task of itinerary planning. However, in terms of optimization, this problem is complex due to its objective to maximize the satisfaction of all tourists, while coping with various individual constraints.

During last two decades, ß-Peptides have evolved as one of the most promising peptidomimetic motifs. Its unique ability to form several stable secondary helical structures & proteolytic stability against proteases contributed to its booming invasion into the world of peptidomimetics. Till now, scientific community has mostly addressed Beta3- or Beta2-peptides, but this report has touched the rare domain of alternating Beta2/Beta3-peptides, that unlike any other natural or unnatural peptides, lack in helical macro-dipole moment. It has been theoretically projected that macro-dipole might be a guiding factor to decide on membrane insertion and spanning ability of the membrane peptides, but have hardly been experimentally verified. So, the prime objective of the research was to experimentally shed light on the role of helical macro-dipole via different approaches. Moreover, it was also proposed and verified that synthetic Beta-peptides can have potential to be used as a new-generation cell penetrating peptides. It was also verified via confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy imaging to check whether the helical macro-dipole moment can affect the cell penetration phenomena.

Die Einführung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns war die bedeutendste Reform des Arbeitsrechts in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten. Gleichwohl ist das MiLoG in kürzester Zeit und nahezu ohne konzeptionelle Grundlegung entworfen und verabschiedet worden, sodass es an gravierenden Mängeln leidet. Damit ist keine ökonomische oder politische, sondern eine rein rechtstechnische Bewertung gemeint. Die Arbeit untersucht den zivilrechtlichen Kern des MiLoG, nämlich dessen § 1 ("Der Mindestlohn") und § 3 ("Die Unwirksamkeit mindestlohnwidriger Vereinbarungen"). Sie fokussiert dabei nicht auf Einzelfallfragen, sondern erarbeitet ein konzeptionelles Fundament zu deren Beantwortung ("Grundlegung"). Diese Grundlegung wird unter einer Analyse und Beachtung der jeweils entscheidenden Aspekte der Methodenlehre entwickelt ("methodologisch"). Im Ergebnis stellt die Arbeit nicht nur ein Fundament für die Beantwortung auftretender Praxisfragen dar, sondern zeigt auch im Hinblick auf die vom Gesetzgeber im Jahre 2020 beabsichtigte Evaluation des MiLoG Abweichungen zwischen dem Gesetzesinhalt und dem politisch Gewollten auf.

This book investigates how to make swarms of autonomous vehicles, operated and maintained by a third party, available to inexperienced users. The key idea is the strict separation of operating unmanned vehicle swarms and performing information acquisition missions. To achieve this, this work applies the paradigm of cloud computing to virtualized versions of unmanned vehicles. The implemented Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) system allows the simulation of multi-customer information acquisition missions as well as their execution on real hardware running the Robot Operating System (ROS).

Transmission of high data capacity includes the use of higher-order modulation formats in a wavelength-division multiplexed network. Moving from lower spectrally-efficient modulation formats to higher-order modulation formats requires higher optical signal-to-noise ratios (OSNR). High OSNR eventually requires higher signal launch power per fiber span. However, Kerr nonlinearity provide an upper bound to the maximum transmittable signal launch power. The Kerr nonlinearity evolve itself in the form of self-phase modulation, inter- and intra-channel cross-phase modulation, and inter- and intra-channel four-wave mixing. This effect reduces the reach for error-free transmission. Kerr nonlinearity mitigation through optical phase conjugation (OPC) in a transmission link may find application in future high-capacity fiber-optic transmission systems. A fiber-based optical parametric amplifier (FOPA) can be used to realize a practical OPC. The book focuses on experimental investigation of stimulated Brillouin scattering induced distortion in a polarization-independent FOPA. Kerr nonlinearity compensation using a FOPA-based OPC in different transmission link configurations are also discussed.

Besides the remarkable capabilities nanotechnologies promise, there are also substantial uncertainties regarding their possible hazards. The dissertation evaluates the regulation of nanotechnologies in German and (where applicable) in European law and assesses the balance of opportunities and risks within their relevant underlying law. In order to propose a framework for the legal management of potential risks from nanomaterials, a comparative reflexion incorporating similar regulative contexts was integrated. In this respect, the thesis gives an orientation how the uncertain hazards in the field of nanotechnologies can be managed within their users and producers.

Theory: In order to better understand the relationship between art and technology, the interaction between the viewer and the observed was explored and the concepts of originality, representation, imitation vs. copy, appropriation and their definitions were discussed throughout history and today. Practice: Through two exhibitions, different models of seeing were explored to identify cultural and historical variables that influence and determine visual culture. Differences between observers and spectators were also defined. Thesis: Technology has developed itself into an art form. It can help artists to implement their ideas and engage emotionally with them. If the relationship between the observer and the observed is seen as a transaction in which both terms are equally ventured, it is necessary to describe a visuality in which the observer participates positively. Seeing must not be understood as an absolute experience, because individually analyzed - without involving other senses of the body - it does not lead to an adequate understanding of how meanings are produced.

Increasing concern towards environmental issues motivates researchers to develop synthesis methods that are eco-friendly such as mechanochemistry which is established as green and rapid synthesis route for preparing materials. Coordination polymers are functional materials consisting of metal nodes bridged by functionalized organic linkers. The presence of fluorine improves the water stability of resulting compounds. Alkaline earth metals are handy for aqueous preparations, which open doors for further applications. Also, the abundant and biocompatibility of AE ions promise for constructing economical and non-toxic CPs with interesting properties. These materials are synthesized under solvothermal conditions. In this work, the mechanochemical syntheses are employed as a rapid and green method for synthesizing a series of coordination polymers. The fluorinated materials obtained by milling are compared to their fluorine-free counterparts under the same conditions. The crystal structures of materials obtained by milling are determined ab initio from powder X-ray diffraction data. The resulting compounds after milling are systematically investigated by different analytical methods.

In the last decades, a number of developments have made global optimization of large multi-dimensional design option spaces possible. Such developments include the increase in computing power, emergence of sophisticated optimization algorithms, and new techniques for the derivation of computationally highly efficient meta-models. Along with their promise, such developments also involve a number of potential drawbacks. For one thing, meta-models occasionally fail to capture the behaviour of "non-conventional" and complex designs. Another critical problem pertains to the potentially opaque nature of large-scale global optimization exercises, which make them less amenable to provision of intuitively graspable support in a naturally iterative design process. In this context, this research explores the potential of a novel approach toward iterative global optimization of locally optimized attribute clusters of building design solutions.

Die Publikation befasst sich mit den Forschungsfragen, inwiefern Influencer Marketing in den sozialen Medien als Meinungsinstrument der Online-Kommunikation geeignet ist und welche Potentiale durch die Zusammenarbeit von Markenbotschaftern (Influencern) mit Unternehmen nachgewiesen werden können. Im Theorieteil der Arbeit werden u.a. der Begriff Influencer Marketing definiert, die Social Media-Nutzung durch Unternehmen eruiert, die Chancen und Risiken beim Einsatz von Influencern untersucht und die Wirkung von Influencer Marketing erforscht. Im methodischen Teil der Arbeit wird eine viel beachtete Social Media-Kampagne aus dem Jahr 2015 mit der renommierten Influencerin Bianca Heinicke analysiert. Dazu wird das Videomaterial der Kampagne einerseits nach audiovisuellen Informationen ausgewertet und andererseits werden die YouTube-Kommentare des Ankündigungsvideos einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse unterzogen. Aus den Ergebnissen wird deutlich, dass es sachdienlich war, ein derartiges Projekt durchzuführen, um Erkenntnisse zu erfolgreichen Influencer Marketingkampagnen auf Social Media-Plattformen vorlegen zu können.

Indian people believe in tradition. It is common for old people to live in the family community, primarily the family of the eldest son. Old Age Homes exist, but are viewed critically in Indian culture and are mostly used by poor people, or by people without a family. There are few studies on the life situation of old people in India and the impact of demographic changes. The aim of the study was to assess the situation and experiences of older people in Families (F) and Old Age Homes (OAH). Following a mixed-method approach, 60 qualitative interviews were conducted and 206 questionnaires collected, half of each in F and OAH. 47 inductive categories with subcategories were formulated using statistical analysis according to Mayring. From this, 37 significant incidents were selected and evaluated in terms of Shweder's "Three Ethics Theory".

The book offers a thorough introduction on the basic characterization of perovskite absorber material using modulated surface photovoltage spectroscopy. The book gives a thorough description of the electronic properties of perovskite absorber material related to the band gap, exponential tail energy, charge separation and transport length. Supporting methods of characterization such as UV-vis spectroscopy, photothermal deflection spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction are also covered in this book. The book is divided into 7 chapters where chapter 1 and 7 are the introduction and summary, respectively. Chapter 2 covers the fundamentals of perovskite and its electronic, optical and structural properties. Chapter 3 describes the fundamentals of modulated SPV. The experimental methods are described in chapter 4. Chapter 5 explains the properties of CH3NH3Pb(I, Br)3 and their dependence on aging and light soaking whereas chapter 6 covers the temperature dependence of the band gap of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite layers. The book is intended for students with background in Physics, physical chemistry, material science and engineering.

The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) is a modern project of economic integration in the post-Soviet space. Originally, it came from the idea of Nazarbayev, on the basis of the Eurasianism, about the establishment of an economic community in Eurasia, in order to obtain stability in the region. The idea was supported by Putin, who called for the institution of an alliance to achieve economic prosperity against the challenges of the globalization. Nazarbayev and Lukashenka support the regional integration in Eurasia, but they do not see any politic involvement of the EEU; while Putin sees it as instrument to relive the Russian hegemony in the entire region. The EEU, as provided in the Astana Treaty, has however only an economic nature and wants to create a solid mutual-trade for its members, guaranteeing the four fundamental economic freedoms. The economic cooperation can be profitable for its participants, as Belarus that through its adhesion to this modern association could expand and modernize its economy.

The doubly fed induction generator based wind turbine (DFIG-WT) is currently the dominating concept on the market. However, it suffers from high short-circuit current and DC voltage magnitudes during faults. This requires protection either through protective devices or full disconnection from the grid. This may consequently not subject the DFIG-WT to the requirements of the grid codes. Therefore, a deep understanding of the dynamic response of the DFIG-WT during different types of fault is essential in assessing the fault ride through capability of it. This book offers a very detailed analysis of the dynamic behavior of the DFIG-WT under balanced and unbalanced faults with a mathematical representation of the parameters influencing the behavior. Also new methods are proposed for reduction of the high current magnitudes. Furthermore, a new stability criterion, which considers the system non-linarities, is proposed for assesing the stability of the output current and voltages.

Since the advent of quantum theory in the beginning of the 20th century, there is no other quantum mechanical phenomenon as much discussed as entanglement, a quantum state property related to the inseparability of quantum states into a product state. In contrast to classical theories following the paradigm of locality and determinism, entangled particles exhibits quantum correlations without any classical analogue, i.e., correlations which cannot be described in terms of a local deterministic theory. This phenomenon is often known as nonlocality. Apart from fundamental studies of nonlocality in nature, various concepts towards promising applications emerged in the domain of quantum information theory ¿ an unification of classical information theory and quantum mechanics ¿ incorporating nonlocality as working principle. In this PhD thesis, we discuss correlations between energy-time entangled photon pairs and explore consequences of high-dimensional entangled quantum states from an information-theoretic perspective.

In this monograph, FPGA and embedded real-time multitasking operating system uCOS-II were adopted to complete the design of MVB, while the system design specifications were accomplished. The conformance testing upon MVB has indicated that: MVB link layer control protocol and MVB manager functions have satisfied qualities both on data communication and mutual compatibility within devices, and meet the requirements of MVB aspects in IEC61375-1 standard.

The engagement was a very important tradition in the middle ages. Eventual bride and groom exchanged a solemn promise in facie ecclesiae and after considerable amount of time the wedding ceremony took place. My goal is to examine the phenomenon of betrothal in medieval canon law from Decretum Gratiani to Liber Sextus in comparison with the Germanic customary legal tradition. Betrothal does not seem to be of utmost importance for German customary law. This can be clearly traced from the analyzing The Saxon Mirror. The same is as well true for the commentary to the Decretum written by German canonist educated in Bologna Johannes Teutonicus in his Glossa ordinaria. Entirely new approach might be observed when one reads through the fourth book of the Liber Extra ¿ the core book of papally-centered canon law ¿- ius novum. Betrothal in the Liber Extra and Liber Sextus is elaborated on the big extant.

We develop a toolkit to decide some quadratic equations with constants in certain self-similar groups and determine conditions under which these tools work. It turns out that for explicitly given groups the question of solvability of some equations reduces to a large but finite number of calculations. For special cases we provide the algorithms in the GAP language and use the computed results to verify that for example the Gupta-Sidki has commutator width at most 3.

Successful processing of potentially dangereous events is decisive for survival. Uwe Herwig investigated the neural processing of stimuli representing risks in different environmental domains by using functional neuroimaging including neurofeedback. He outlined the information flow in the brain during risk processing particularly focusing on emotions, and also addresses strategies for coping with challenges in everyday live.

Biologically inspired self-organization methods can help to manage the access control to the shared communication medium of Wireless Sensor Networks. One lightweight approach is the primitive of desynchronization, which relies on the periodic transmission of short control messages ¿ similar to the periodical pulses of oscillators. This primitive of desynchronization has already been successfully implemented as MAC protocol for single-hop topologies. Moreover, there are also some concepts of such a protocol for multi-hop topologies available. However, the existing implementations may handle just a certain class of multi-hop topologies or are not robust against topology dynamics. In addition to the sophisticated access control of the sensor nodes of a Wireless Sensor Network in arbitrary multi-hop topologies, the communication protocol has to be lightweight, applicable, and scalable. These characteristics are of particular interest for distributed and randomly deployed networks (e.g., by dropping nodes off an airplane).