Bøger udgivet af The University of Chicago Press

The continuation of Alexis de Toccqueville's great meditation on the origins and meanings of the French Revolution. With his monumental work The Old Regime and the Revolution, Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-59)-best known for his classic Democracy in America-envisioned a multivolume philosophical study of the origins of modern France that would examine the implications of French history on the nature and development of democratic society. Volume I, which covered the eighteenth-century background to the Revolution, was published to great acclaim in 1856. On the continuation of this project, he wrote: "When this Revolution has finished its work, [this volume] will show what that work really was, and what the new society which has come from that violent labor is, what the Revolution has taken away and what it has preserved from that old regime against which it was directed." Tocqueville died in the midst of this work. Here in Volume II is all that he had completed, including the chapters he started for a work on Napoleon, notes and analyses he made in the course of researching and writing the first volume, and his notes on his preparation for his continuation. More than ever before, readers will be able to glean how Tocqueville's account of the Revolution would have come out, had he lived to finish it. This handsomely produced volume completes the set and is essential reading for anyone interested in the French Revolution or in Tocqueville's thought.

"Stâephane Gerson's edited collection spotlights historians who have embraced the methodological, practical, and ethical challenges of writing about that most slippery and opaque of subjects, their own families-a practice that many historians have long felt has been discouraged professionally. In a remarkable number of ways, the diverse lineup of contributors here bring into the open the difficulties and complexities-personal, professional, and historiographic-that ensue from not distancing themselves from their subjects but stressing their closeness. Gerson suggests that historians overall might write better histories if they felt free to acknowledge that what speaks to them professionally might also be what moves them personally"--

"Stâephane Gerson's edited collection spotlights historians who have embraced the methodological, practical, and ethical challenges of writing about that most slippery and opaque of subjects, their own families-a practice that many historians have long felt has been discouraged professionally. In a remarkable number of ways, the diverse lineup of contributors here bring into the open the difficulties and complexities-personal, professional, and historiographic-that ensue from not distancing themselves from their subjects but stressing their closeness. Gerson suggests that historians overall might write better histories if they felt free to acknowledge that what speaks to them professionally might also be what moves them personally"--

Offers an expansive, unified theory of thought that brings together the vast resources of neuroscience, computation, and cognitive linguistics. What is an idea, and where does it come from? We experience thought as if it were abstract, but every thought is actually a physical thing, carried out by the neural systems of our brains. Thought does not occur neuron-by-neuron; it happens when neurons come together to form circuits and when simple circuits combine to form complex ones. Thoughts, then, derive their structures from the circuitry we also use for vision, touch, and hearing. This circuitry is what allows simple thoughts to come together into complex concepts, making meaning, creating metaphors, and framing our social and political ideas. With The Neural Mind, George Lakoff, a pioneering cognitive linguist, and computer scientist Srini Narayanan deftly combine insights from cognitive science, computational modeling, and linguistics to show how thoughts arise from the neural circuitry that runs throughout our bodies. They answer key questions about the ways we make meaning: How does neural circuitry create the conceptual "frames" through which we understand our social lives? What kind of neural circuitry characterizes metaphorical thought, in which ideas are understood in terms of other ideas with similar structures? Lively and accessible, the book shows convincingly that the "metaphors we live by"--to use Lakoff's famous phrase--aren't abstractions but deeply embodied neural constructs. The Neural Mind is the first book of its kind, bringing together the ideas of multiple disciplines to offer a unified, accessible theory of thought. A field-defining work, Lakoff and Narayanan's book will be of interest not just to linguists and cognitive scientists, but also to psychologists, philosophers, anthropologists, journalists, sociologists, and political scientists--and to anyone who wants to understand how we really think.

"Along with Dante and Petrarch, Boccaccio (1313-1375) is one of the "Three Crowns" of Italian literature, a trio of writers who shaped the history of humanism, literature, and poetry in Italy, Europe, and beyond. Much as Dante established vernacular Italian in poetry, Boccaccio did the same for prose, most notably in his best-known work, the Decameron, an unforgettable work that takes an unflinching look at human passion, celebrates storytelling and community as a means of survival. This major biography by the esteemed literary scholar Marco Santagata sheds new light on Boccaccio's life-his family, friends, and foes; his aspirations, fears, and frustrations. Santagata shows in this rich portrait how the transformations Italy was undergoing at the time affected Boccaccio at various stages of his life. Most importantly, he shows how the world around him shaped Boccaccio's understanding of what literature could be; what kinds of stories it could or should convey and what kinds of characters it could depict; and, perhaps most importantly, what role literature and art can play in a changing world. This work promises to be the definitive biography of Boccaccio for many years to come"--

The vital and untold story of Karl Marx's stamp on American life. To read Karl Marx is to contemplate a world created by capitalism. People have long viewed the United States as the quintessential anti-Marxist nation, but Marx's ideas have inspired a wide range of people to formulate a more precise sense of the stakes of the American project. Historians have highlighted the imprint made on the United States by Enlightenment thinkers such as Adam Smith, John Locke, and Thomas Paine, but Marx is rarely considered alongside these figures. Yet his ideas are the most relevant today because of capitalism's centrality to American life. In Karl Marx in America, historian Andrew Hartman argues that even though Karl Marx never visited America, the country has been infused, shaped, and transformed by him. Since the beginning of the Civil War, Marx has been a specter in the American machine. During the Gilded Age, socialists read Marx as an antidote to the unchecked power of corporations. In the Great Depression, communists turned to Marx in hopes of transcending the destructive capitalist economy. The young activists of the 1960s were inspired by Marx as they gathered to protest an overseas war. Marx's influence today is evident, too, as Americans have become increasingly attuned to issues of inequality, labor, and power. After decades of being pushed to the far-left corner of intellectual thought, Marx's ideologies have crossed over into the mainstream and are more alive than ever. Working-class consciousness is on the rise, and, as Marx argued, the future of a capitalist society rests in the hands of the people who work at the point of production. A valuable resource for anyone interested in Marx's influence on American political discourse, Karl Marx in America is a thought-provoking account of the past, present, and future of his philosophies in American society.

Fish don't heed state boundaries, nor does this comprehensive, photo-filled guide to the diverse species of Chicago and beyond. Encompassing southern Lake Michigan, northeastern Illinois, and adjacent areas of Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin, the Chicago Region is home to rare habitats supporting diverse fish populations. From small creeks to large rivers, and small ponds to one of the world's largest freshwater ecosystems, Lake Michigan, these systems are home to some 164 fish species representing 31 families. We meet them all--lampreys, sturgeon, paddlefish, gars, drum, darters, perches, sticklebacks, sculpins, and more--in this book, the most complete and up-to-date reference for fishes in the Chicago Region. Written by leading local ecologists, and featuring a pictorial family key, color photographs, and detailed distribution maps for each species, as well as natural history summaries with observations unique to the region, this go-to guide belongs on the shelf--and in the boat--of every angler, naturalist, fisheries manager, and biologist.

A new history of how the musical worlds of German towns and cities were transformed during the Nazi era. In the years after the Nazis came to power in January 1933 and through the war years all aspects of life in Germany changed. However, despite the social and political upheaval, gentile citizens were able to continue leisure activities such as attending concerts. In this book, historian Neil Gregor surveys the classical concert scene in Nazi Germany from the perspective of the audience, rather than institutions or performers. Gregor delves into the cultural lives of ordinary Germans under conditions of dictatorship. Did the ways in which Germans heard music in the period change? Did a Nazi way of listening emerge? For audiences, Gregor shows, changes to the concert experience were small and often took place around the edges. This, combined with the preserved idea of the concert hall as a space of imagined civility and cultivation, led many concertgoers and music lovers to claim after the war that their field and their practice had been innocent-a place to retreat from the vicious violence and racism of the Nazi regime. Drawing on untapped archival sources, The Symphony Concert in Nazi Germany reveals that the true history was one of disruption but also of near effortless adaptation. Through countless small acts, the symphony concert was reframed within the languages of strident nationalism, racism, and militarism to ensure its place inside the cultural cosmos of National Socialist Germany.

A healthier future starts with seeing the human causes of wildlife diseases. When new diseases spread, news reports often focus on wildlife culprits--rodents, monkeys and mpox; bats and COVID-19; waterfowl and avian flu; or mosquitoes and Zika. But, in this urgent and engaging book, we see it often works the other way around--humans have caused diseases in other animals countless times, through travel and transport, the changes we impose on our environment, and global warming. With science journalist Liz Kalaugher as our guide, we meet the wildlife we have harmed and the experts now studying the crosscurrents between humans, other animals, and health. Herds of buffalo in Kenya, cloned ferrets in Colorado, and frogs shipped worldwide as living pregnancy tests for humans, all help Kalaugher dive into the murky backstories behind wildlife epidemics past and present. We learn that a transmissible cancer spread between dogs traveled trade routes alongside merchants and colonizers, and may have wiped out North America's very first canids. That crowded poultry farms may create virulent new forms of bird flu that spill back into the wild. And that West Nile virus--which affects not only birds and humans, but other animals, including horses, skunks, and squirrels--is spreading as global temperatures rise. Expanding today's discussions of environmental protection to include illness and its impact, Kalaugher both sounds the alarm and explores ways to stop the emergence and spread of wildlife diseases. These solutions start with a simple lesson: when we protect other animals, we protect ourselves.