Bøger udgivet af Walter de Gruyter

Niklas Luhmanns ?Soziale Systeme? (1984) bildet den Grundstein der von ihm ausgearbeiteten Systemtheorie; das Werk ist die Einleitung in seine ?Theorie der Gesellschaft?. Hier entfaltet er seine systemtheoretische Terminologie, wobei oft dieselben Begriffe wie in der traditionellen Terminologie auftauchen, von Luhmann in der eigenen Gesellschaftstheorie jedoch anders gefüllt werden. Die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes ebnen vor diesem Hintergrund den Zugang zur Luhmannschen Theorie und zeigen auf, dass sie wie jede Theorie ein Konstrukt ist, das uns hilft, die Realität zu erfassen. Die Autorinnen und Autoren des kooperativen Kommentars zu Luhmanns Werk ?Soziale Systeme? sind namhafte Theoretikerinnen und Theoretiker, die ihr Forschen in engem Zusammenhang mit der Luhmannschen Theorie betreiben. In den Beiträgen dieses Bandes werden die Leserinnen und Leser über den Inhalt des Buchs von Luhmann informiert und dessen Kapitel, der Chronologie des Originalwerks folgend, für ein besseres und erweitertes Verständnis aufgeschlossen. MIT BEITRÄGEN VON: Dirk Baecker, Cornelia Bohn, Marcus Emmerich, Elena Esposito, Dietmar Gensicke, Detlef Horster, Christina Huber, Maren Lehmann, Julian Müller, Armin Nassehi, Martin Petzke, William Rasch, Anna Schriefl, Michael Urban, Christine Weinbach und Niels Werber.

The book Online Virality, edited by Valérie Schafer and Fred Pailler (C2DH, University of Luxembourg), aims to provide a comprehensive examination of online virality. It explores the many ways we can think about this modern phenomenon and analyse the circulation, reception, and evolution of viral born-digital content. Virality and content sharing always intertwine material, infrastructural, visual and discursive elements. This involves various platforms, stakeholders, intermediaries, social groups and communities that are constantly (re)defining themselves. Regulation, curation and content moderation politics, as well as affects and emotions (fears, humour, empathy, hatred...), are also at the core of online virality. The publication offers an interdisciplinary overview on online virality by including different types of scientific inputs, such as precise case studies, various methodological approaches (including close and distant reading, visual studies, discourse analysis, etc.), as well as historical and socio-technical analyses. The book is organised around three main topics: Expressions and Genres; Mobilisations and Engagements; Circulation and Infrastructures. The first part explores the semiotics of virality, the diverse and creative forms of expression, specific genres, the relation to other media, and the affective side of virality, such as using humour or provocation. The second part focuses on the political dimension of memes and viral content and their use in the context of controversy or political and ideological opposition. Finally, the third part delves into the often understudied but essential side of virality, by examining the role of platforms and their curation, in short, the infrastructural dimension of virality. These three parts allow us to question such fundamental notions linked to virality as, among others, circulation, reception, economy of attention, instrumentalisation and affect. This volume brings together authors from various disciplines, including semiotics, history, information and communication sciences, computer science, digital humanities, media studies. In addition, the contributors approach the question via case studies that allow for a perspective that is not exclusively US and European-centred. Some chapters explore virality in Brazil, Chile, while the book also examines a wide variety of platforms (YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, TikTok, video game platforms, etc.).

Die stete Nachfrage nach klausurenbezogenen Übungsmaterialien aus dem Fach "Investition und Finanzierung" für die Selbstlernphase von Studierenden war Anstoß für die Konzeption dieses Buches. Es enthält eine Sammlung von Klausuraufgaben mit detaillierten Lösungen. Zur Unterstützung der Selbsteinschätzungsfähigkeit der Studierenden ist jede Aufgabe mit dem dazugehörigen Kompetenzniveau versehen. Außerdem wird jeweils die Zeit angegeben, die idealerweise zur Bearbeitung der Aufgabe aufgewendet werden sollte. Aus den Lösungshinweisen geht hervor, wo bei der Bearbeitung der entsprechenden Aufgaben erfahrungsgemäß Fehlerhäufigkeiten bestehen. Daneben geben ausgewählte Literaturhinweise aufgabenbezogen eine Orientierung für die Prüfungsvorbereitung und das vertiefte Selbststudium.

In 2021, the American Historical Association published a study on how the American public perceives and understands the past. Almost half of the respondents argued that they turn to Wikipedia to learn about history and acquire a historical understanding of the past. Wikipedia was ranked higher than other historical activities, such as "Historic site visit," "Museum visit," "Genealogy work," "Social media," "Podcast/radio program," "History lecture," and "History-related video game." These findings combined with the appropriation of Wikipedia's corpus by ChatGPT and Wikipedia's partnership with the most central search engine in the digital world, Google, and other digital assistants, such as Siri and Alexa, make clear how crucial the role of Wikipedia in how the public learns about history and makes sense of the past is. But how is historical knowledge produced on Wikipedia? How do Wikipedia editors engage with historical events of the past and transform the past into historical knowledge? Why do they decide to contribute to the production of history? By placing Wikipedia editors at the center of research inquiry and using multiple methodologies and different kinds of data, this book explores how historical knowledge is produced in one of the most central digital communities of knowledge, Wikipedia.

Die Publikation beschäftigt sich mit mehrheitlich von Frauen verfassten Texten über das KZ Ravensbrück von 1945 bis 1989. Dabei nimmt sie vor allem ostdeutsche Narrative als wichtige Gegenerzählungen zur mehrheitlich westdeutsch geprägten Erinnerungskultur in den Blick. Sina Meißgeier zeigt, dass Holocaustliteratur diverser ist als angenommen und arbeitet moralische Ambivalenzen in der Darstellung der weiblichen politischen Gefangenen in Positionen als sogenannte Funktionshäftlinge heraus. In der frühen Ravensbrück-Literatur und in unveröffentlichten Texten wird deutlich, dass die Binarität zwischen Opfersein und Täterschaft im Nationalsozialismus in der kanonisierten Holocaustliteratur darauf angewiesen ist, in Gute und Böse einzuteilen. Die Studie nimmt Texte der DDR-Zeit in den Blick, die dem propagierten Ideal des kommunistischen Häftlings und dem antifaschistischen Mythos folgen, arbeitet jedoch auch Brüche in diesem antifaschistischen Narrativ heraus, unter anderem am Beispiel der kritisch-loyalen Autorin Hedda Zinner. Durch ihren umfangreichen Korpus bietet die Studie erstmalig einen Gesamtüberblick über die deutschsprachige Literatur zum KZ Ravensbrück und leistet einen Beitrag zum Erzählen von Frauen über KZ-Haft.

Diskurse über die Geschichte des Zionismus begründen das Problem der Veröffentlichung: Wie verliefen die frühen zionistischen Identitätskonstruktionen? Auf welche Traditionen haben die frühen Zionisten zurückgegriffen? Welche Kontinuitäten und Brüche werden sichtbar?Ausgehend von globalgeschichtlichen Überlegungen wird der frühe Zionismus als Beispiel für globale Verflechtungs- und Aushandlungsprozesse um 1900 untersucht. Zu diesem Zweck werden Identitätskonstruktionen in den Schriften von Martin Buber, Abraham Gordon und Ber Borochov untersucht. Religion, Nation und - als wichtiger zeitgenössischer Einfluss - Esoterik dienen als vergleichende Kategorien, um die Genese von Identitätsdiskursen zu bestimmen.So findet nicht nur eine Einordnung des frühen Zionismus als jüdische Bewegung in die globale Religions- und Esoterikgeschichte statt. Es findet auch eine Vermittlung zwischen postkolonialen Ansätzen und der Geschichte des Zionismus statt, die sowohl nationalistische als auch antikoloniale Tendenzen aufzeigt. Ohne strukturalistische oder essentialisierende Annahmen werden so jüdische und zeitgenössische Traditionen in ihrer Eigenständigkeit im frühen Zionismus benannt, um eine erste Genealogie des frühen Zionismus zu präsentieren.

Der Schwerpunkt dieses Werks liegt in der praktischen Anwendung der Algorithmen auf aktuelle Probleme innerhalb der Informatik. Die Algorithmen sind in kompakter Form in programmiersprachennaher Notation dargestellt, die eine leichte Übertragung in objektorientierte Programmiersprachen erlaubt. Optimale Prüfungsvorbereitung durch Übungsaufgaben in verschiedenen Schwierigkeitsgraden für das Bachelor- und das Masterstudium.

Das Thema Energie ist heute in aller Munde. Dafür gibt es zwei Gründe: zum einen die Entdeckungen und theoretischen Rahmenbedingungen der modernen Physik, insbesondere der Relativitätstheorie, Kosmologie und Teilchenphysik; zum anderen die praktischen Auswirkungen der Energieversorgung, ihre Auswirkungen auf das Klima und ihre Verfügbarkeit im privaten und Wirtschaftssektor. Das Werk gibt eine umfassende Darstellung des Begriffs der Energie, der physikalisch-technischen Bedeutung und Wirkgeschichte dieser Größe, ausgehend von den Vorstellungen der Antike bis hin zum Masse-Energieäquivalent der modernen Physik. Die wichtigsten Etappen ihrer Entwicklung bis hin zu Fragen der Versorgung werden aufgezeigt. Ohne die theoretischen Details und den mathematischen Apparat im wissenschaftlichen Detail auszuführen, stellt das Buch Anhaltspunkte für eine sachgerechte Diskussion zu dem Thema und Hintergrundinformationen über die Entwicklung von Theorie und Praxis bis heute.

In recent years, the issue of space has sparked debates in the field of Holocaust Studies. The book demonstrates the transdisciplinary potential of space-related approaches. The editors suggest that "spatial thinking" can foster a dialogue on the history, aftermath, and memory of the Holocaust that transcends disciplinary boundaries. Artworks by Yael Atzmony serve as a prologue to the volume, inviting us to reflect on the complicated relation of the actual crime site of the Sobibor extermination camp to (family) memory, archival sources, and material traces. In the first part of the book, renowned scholars introduce readers to the relevance of space for key aspects of Holocaust Studies. In the second part, nine original case studies demonstrate how and to what ends spatial thinking in Holocaust research can be put into practice. In four introductory essays, the editors identify spatial configurations that transcend conventional disciplinary, chronological, or geographical systematizations: Fleeting Spaces; Institutionalized Spaces; Border/ing Spaces; Spatial Relations. Drawing on a host of theoretical concepts and addressing various historical contexts as well as different types of media, this book offers scholars and students valuable insights into cutting-edge, international scholarly debates.

This book investigates selected aspects of the grammatical development of Emirati Arabic, the variety of Gulf Arabic spoken in the United Arab Emirates and closely related to the varieties spoken in the rest of the Gulf States. While the acquisition of Arabic as a second language has been widely studied, first language acquisition of different Arabic dialects has received much less attention. Ntelitheos addresses this disparity by presenting a number of systematic studies on the acquisition of Emirati Arabic grammar based on a two-year longitudinal corpus of six children. He discusses the acquisition of the nominal domain, including definiteness and possession; the acquisition of verbal functional structure and agreement; and the acquisition of word order and negation in the syntactic domain. In addition, he defines several developmental stages for Emirati Arabic, based on established diagnostic tests. The discussion is framed within a general survey of the relevant literature in Arabic acquisition studies and combines new empirical data with rigorous discussion of several long-standing theoretical problems in the broader field of child language development.

This book investigates how victims of a large-scale traumatic event converge and diverge in metaphor use in describing their traumatic experiences. By combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the book identifies patterns that are shared by this group of trauma victims. By juxtaposing linguistic data with psychometric data, it also explores how metaphor use can vary with the speakers' psychopathological symptoms. While metaphorical language has been a rare focus in clinical contexts, this book establishes metaphor use as a previously overlooked yet rewarding avenue for studying mental health communication.

Pangkhua is an endangered Tibeto-Burman language, spoken by about 2000 people in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh. This volume provides a comprehensive grammatical description of the language, based on more than a year of original fieldwork in a Pangkhua village. Taking a broadly functional typological perspective, Zahid Akter analyzes Pangkhua phonology, morphology, syntax, and discourse. Some of the typologically notable characteristics of Pangkhua include presence of a relatively large number of sesquisyllabic words, an elaborate person marking on verbs, absence of a clausal conjunctive, and lack of a distinct word class of adjectives. As the first comprehensive description of the language, this grammar contributes to comparative Tibeto-Burman linguistics more broadly by laying the groundwork for further studies locating Pangkhua in its genealogical, areal, and typological contexts. It will also serve as an invaluable resource for the maintenance and revitalization of Pangkhua language and culture.

This handbook reviews extant research and offers critical summaries of key topics and issues in the field, enriched by authoritative analyses of specific cases and examples. It displays pluralism across a number of axes: epistemological, theoretical, geographical, cultural, and thematic.The first part offers historical routes through the international development of the field and explores the epistemological grounds of multiple strands of environmental communication studies.In aiming to map the field broadly, as well as stimulating new thinking, the second part is organized along three core perspectives: arenas, voice, and place. It comprises chapters on various public spaces that are critical to the symbolic constitution of the environment, and sheds light on a range of aspects and social agents that have received insufficient attention, including research about - and carried out in - non-Western countries.Crucially, at a time of profound environmental crisis, the final part of this book discusses possibilities and constraints to social change, and the potential contributions of environmental communication research to ways of understanding and responding to the challenge.

The monograph explores the semantic and morphosyntactic representation of affectedness, i.e., the property of an event participant to undergo change, in transitive predicates. Specifically, it provides a first in-depth investigation of how affectedness, the notion of path, and resultativity determine Differential Object Marking (DOM) in Turkish. It argues that affectedness is the crucial event semantic characteristic enhancing DOM, and articulates a theoretical link between affectedness in the lexical syntactic structure and morphological accusative marking. The study addresses affectedness from a cross-linguistic perspective and makes a remarkable contribution to our understanding and modelling of the syntax-semantics interface.

This ethnographic work examines both the colonial language governmentality imposed by the Turkish state and the Kurdish language activism as a response to this system. Through a genealogical study, it calls for a reconsideration of the linguistic condition in Turkey as being more than nationalist, highlighting its foundation in intertwined ideologies of racism, imperialism, and colonialism. It then provides an analysis of new possibilities and directions led by the actors of the language movement, which seeks to enhance not only the linguistic but also the socio-political condition of the Kurdish people by taking a "beyond language" approach. The work advances our thinking about language oppression and minority language activism.

Although not considered a formal area of study, scholarship on the uses, content, and effects of entertaining media has been central to communication studies and related fields for more than a century. The serious study of entertainment seems paradoxical, as we presume entertainment to be the "lighter side" of our daily lives. Yet as revealed in this volume, entertainment media serve as cultural artifacts that shape our understandings of various peoples and publics in ways that invite deeper, immersive, and increasingly interactive engagement. On this backdrop, Entertainment Media and Communication serves as a reference guide for canonical and foundational research into media entertainment and a collection of emerging and updated theories and models core to the study of media entertainment into the 21st century. Across more than four dozen chapters and with a diverse and inclusive list of authors, this volume provides a broad-yet-nuanced view into entertainment media and communication scholarship. The contributors explore its foundations, define and extend key concepts and theories through myriad lenses, discuss unique considerations of digital media, and divine future paths for scholarly inquiry.

The Handbook of Organizational Communication Theory and Research offers concise, but thorough reviews of important research on traditional and emerging areas in organizational communication. Section One, Theory and Methods, provides an overview of the field's history, prominent theories, and methodologies. Section Two, Processes, focuses on primal processes, such as leadership, organizational entry, conflict, power, and inclusion. Section Three, Contexts, focuses on the settings where organizational communication occurs, including teams and workgroups, networks, and organizational structure. Section Four, Technology, considers the development and introduction of new media and intelligent technologies into organizations. The final section, Emerging Areas, addresses communication issues associated with changing environmental, social, and political upheavals, including wellness, corporate social responsibility, and crisis response. The Handbook of Organizational Communication Theory and Research covers topics of pressing interest to current scholars and practitioners, many of which have not been addressed in previous handbooks.

This volume studies concrete examples of how female monastic spirituality acquires allegorical-symbolic connotations when representing itself, the world or life in the monasteries of the Hispanic area. Biographies, autobiographies, poems, iconographic and theatrical representations paint a symbolic picture of virtues and sins, of exemplary conduct and expiatory experiences.

Johannes wird oft als ein geistliches Evangelium wahrgenommen, in dem es vor allem um das Heil der Gläubigen gehe - Schöpfung sei ein Randthema. Die vorliegende Studie durchbricht solche anthropozentrischen Denkmuster, indem sie die Schöpfung als Ganzes einschließlich der nicht-menschlichen Schöpfung untersucht. Durch die Anwendung eines umfassenden Verständnisses kommt nicht nur die Schöpfung am Anfang der Welt in den Blick, sondern auch das kontinuierliche Schöpferwirken sowie die Neuschöpfung. Zacharias Shoukry bringt die Schöpfungsurheberschaft Jesu sowie die Frage nach seiner relativen Präexistenz in den Diskurs ein. Jesus, der von oben kommt, steht im Kontrast zu den Menschen aus der Erde, die alle von Gott als dem einen Vater abstammen. Zum erhaltenden Wirken zählen allen voran die Heilungen als Werke am Sabbat. Außerdem werden Naturwunder wie der Seewandel als Demonstrationen der Schöpfermacht und der Königstitel als Hinweis auf die Fähigkeiten zur Lenkung der Schöpfung gelesen. Maria Magdalenes vermeintliches Missverständnis von Jesus als Gärtner und die Rede vom achten Tag werden schöpfungstheologisch ausgewertet. Das Anhauchen der Jünger/-innen mit dem Geist bildet den Höhepunkt der Neuschöpfung. Die Studie arbeitet mit einem umfassenden Schöpfungsbegriff und beleuchtet so die unterschiedlichen Facetten johanneischer Schöpfungstheologie.

Schleiermacher gilt als einer der bedeutendsten Prediger der vergangenen 200 Jahre, was in der Forschung jedoch kaum zum Tragen kommt. Dabei sind die Predigten nicht weniger als das theologische Kontinuum des schleiermacherschen OEuvres. Sebastian Rink untersucht das in der Kritischen Gesamtausgabe neu edierte, umfangreiche Gesamtwerk der Predigten Schleiermachers mithilfe digitaler Werkzeuge. Er leistet damit einen exemplarischen Beitrag zur methodischen Weiterentwicklung digital unterstützter theologischer Forschung. Anhand der Funktionen des Ewigkeitsbegriffs zeichnet die Arbeit in sieben Phasen den Zuschnitt und die Entwicklungen der Theologie Schleiermachers vor dem Hintergrund seiner ebenfalls vernachlässigten Eschatologie nach. Insbesondere durch Vergleiche mit den nicht-homiletischen Schriften wird die Bedeutung der Predigten Schleiermachers für eine Interpretation seiner Theologie neu in den Fokus gerückt. "Ewigkeit" wird dabei als ein hermeneutischer Schlüsselbegriff profiliert. Mit der Arbeit liegt eine im Blick auf den Untersuchungsgegenstand der Predigten erstmals umfassende und zudem methodisch innovative Untersuchung der Theologie Schleiermachers vor.

The book provides an overarching perspective on sustainability from a historical, practical and legal perspective. It offers a holistic understanding of economic and ecologic concepts. Schools for sustainable business models are introduced and discussed. As a broader concept Life Cycle Assessments are discussed and examples for their application are provided with a focus on CO2 Footprints. Ecodesign as measures for reducing Carbon Footprints are introduced both for physical products and for service organizations. From an organizational perspective it is clear that managing the reduction of the sustainability-related impact is a matter that has to involve all stakeholders. Tasks for all involved are given and their contributions are described. As it is crucial to provide evidence for the activities reported audits are described as well methods to transfer information to the appropriate stakeholders. The book is targeted at practitioners and students who want to get to know the subject or need to implement the respective measures in companies.

Die Beiträge des Bandes folgen der Spur einer ¿Rhetorik der Erinnerung" im Spannungsfeld von Kanonisierung und Dekanonisierung sowie von Aufstörung und Stabilisierung. Die untersuchten Texte setzen sich thematisch mit den erinnerten Traumata des Ersten und Zweiten Weltkriegs sowie mit generationsspezifischen Erfahrungen vor allem an die DDR und die Wende- und Nachwendezeit sowie Migrationserfahrungen im Allgemeinen auseinander.

Wie erweitern und entwickeln sich im deutschsprachigen Raum seit der Jahrtausendwende Formen und Funktionen auktorialer Epitexte in einem professionalisierten literarischen Feld mit veränderten medialen Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten hinsichtlich der Inszenierung und Rolle von Autor*innenschaft sowie der Korrelation von Autor*in und Werk? Dieser Frage widmen sich die im Band versammelten Beiträge mit Blick auf das dynamische Verhältnis zwischen (Gesamt-)Werk, Autor:innenschaft und Paratext, wie es sich insbesondere in Epitexten artikuliert. Dabei werden Bedeutung und Facetten des Epitextualitätsbegriffs im Allgemeinen sowie entlang der spezifischen Erscheinungsformen fingierter, performativer, ritualisierter und digitaler Epitexte beleuchtet. Ziel des Bandes ist es, das vielseitige Potenzial von Epitexten in ihrer Heterogenität zu erfassen, auf unterschiedliche Fragestellungen hin zu fokussieren und ihre Bedeutung für literaturwissenschaftliche Forschung herauszuarbeiten.

Anger is one of the basic emotions of human emotional experience, informing and guiding many of our choices and actions. Although it has received considerable scholarly attention in a number of disciplines, including linguistics, a basic question has still remained unresolved: why do variations in the folk model of anger exist across languages if it is indeed a basic emotion rooted in largely universal bodily experience? By drawing on a wide selection of comparable linguistic data from dozens of languages (including a number of less-researched languages), this volume provides the most comprehensive account of what is universal and what is variable in the folk model of anger - and why. It also investigates the role that metonymies might play in the emergence of anger-related metaphors and in what ways context influences or shapes anger metaphors and thereby the resulting folk model of anger. No such volume exists in the (cognitive) linguistic literature on anger - or on emotions for that matter. The book is thus an essential contribution to the study of anger and will serve as basic reading for any researcher interested in how the conceptualization of anger is constructed via the interplay of bodily experience, language and the larger cultural context.

The World Wide Web (WWW) and digitisation have become important sites and tools for the history of the Holocaust and its commemoration. Today, some memory institutions use the Internet at a high professional level as a venue for self-presentation and as a forum for the discussion of Holocaust-related topics for potentially international, transcultural and interdisciplinary user groups. At the same time, it is not always the established institutions that utilise the technical possibilities and potential of the Internet to the maximum. Creative and sometimes controversial new forms of storytelling of the Holocaust or more traditional ways of remembering the genocide presented in a new way with digital media often come from people or groups who are not in the realm of influence of the large memorial sites, museums and archives. Such "private" stagings have experienced a particular upswing since the boom of social media. This democratisation of Holocaust memory and history is crucial though it is as yet undecided how much it will ultimately reinforce old structures and cultural, regional or other inequalities or reinvent them. The "Digital space" as an arbitrary and limitless archive for the mediation of the Holocaust spanning from Russia to Brazil is at the centre of the essays collected in this volume. This space is also considered as a forum for negotiation, a meeting place and a battleground for generations and stories and as such offers the opportunity to reconsider the transgenerational transmission of trauma, family histories and communication. Here it becomes evident: there are new societal intentions and decision-making structures that exceed the capabilities of traditional mass media and thrive on the participation of a broad public.

Repetition is a well-studied phenomenon in morphology and lexicology but has received less attention on the syntactic level. The book sheds light on syntactic constructions with lexical repetition in East Slavic languages. Several contributions address syntactic constructions that have developed in form and meaning in accordance with general tendencies found in many languages, for example, English Boys will be boys. However, most chapters focus on constructions that resist typological explanation, for example Rus. Беда так беда 'trouble- nom.sg so trouble- nom.sg', Ukr. дурень дурнем 'fool- nom.sg fool- ins.sg'. .

The present volume is dedicated to the phenomenon of pragmaticalization in the context of the theory of grammaticalization. While, in recent decades, the growing interest in the analysis of pragmatic phenomena within grammaticalization research was triggered, amongst others, by studies in the field of subjectivity and intersubjectivity in language, we still lack a model for a broad understanding of how changes on the discourse level come about and face a lack of information which provides a conclusive theoretical framework to systematically record the emergence of an entire layer of discourse units in language. The book is one of the first comprehensive collections contributed to the topic of pragmaticalization, and includes empirical studies on a wide range of languages from diachronic and synchronic perspectives. Aiming to refine our understanding of pragmatic shifts which can be observed by several linguistic units, the contributions discuss such issues as pros and cons of the concept of pragmaticalization, the parameters of pragmaticalization, the emergence of discourse markers and constructions with various pragmatic functions, pathways of change, including the influence of language contact.

Concerns over privacy grow in our society. Understanding the historical roots of the phenomenon becomes more and more necessary to navigate our contemporary struggles with availability and control of personal information. When we ponder what people of the past valued and aimed to protect and what they considered threatening and needing uncovering, we achieve a broader perspective of the importance of privacy in everyday life. The early modern period, in particular, was a period in which many views and experiences of privacy were negotiated and consolidated into more recognisable feelings and norms in different layers of society. This volume will focus on Saxony, as it is a great example to explore how privacy was created and negotiated in the early modern period. Throughout the sixteenth century, Saxony rose to prominence in the broader European context through the influence of its Electors. Saxony is an emblematic context to explore notions of privacy in the early modern period, as the region underwent a range of transformations - religious, political, legal, and cultural - that reconfigured the thresholds between the private and the public. The main goals of this volume are: to put Saxony on the map of early modern studies of privacy by bringing forth the region's contribution to political, cultural, scientific, religious, and legal developments; to challenge preconceived notions of privacy in the early modern German context by providing new analytical tools to analyse both well-known and novel sources; to inaugurate and instigate further the research of early modern privacy in regional studies.

The volume examines the proliferation of inventorying models and practices as cultural techniques of knowledge organization and production during the long nineteenth century. While inventories are still broadly treated as raw data and unprocessed source materials, the book shows how they function as complex media formats, intersecting and interfering with other material techniques to produce, store, distribute, organize and process cultural information. How do inventories work against and in dialogue with other media of collection, storage and retrieval such as catalogs, indexes, bibliographies, and archives; what new media configurations do techniques of inventorying enable and how, in turn, are such techniques shaped by the media channels and formats they employ; what is at stake in the critical effort of "taking stock", whether as commercial, bureaucratic, literary, historiographical, or scientific operations; finally, what do such operations tell us specifically about the production and circulation of knowledge in the German nineteenth century?