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BATTLE STUDIES: ANCIENT AND MODERN BATTLE By Colonel Ardant du Picq Excerpt from Preface In presenting to the American reading public a translation of a volume written by an obscure French colonel, belonging to a defeated army, who fell on the eve of a battle which not alone gave France over to the enemy but disclosed a leadership so inapt as to awaken the suspicion of treason, one is faced by the inevitable interrogation - "Why?" Yet the answer is simple. The value of the book of Ardant du Picq lies precisely in the fact that it contains not alone the unmistakable forecast of the defeat, itself, but a luminous statement of those fundamental principles, the neglect of which led to Gravelotte and Sedan. Napoleon has said that in war the moral element is to all others as three is to one. Moreover, as du Picq impressively demonstrates, while all other circumstances change with time, the human element remains the same, capable of just so much endurance, sacrifice, effort, and no more. Thus, from Caesar to Foch, the essential factor in war endures unmodified. . . Contents Frontispiece - Portrait of Colonel Ardant du Picq Foreword Preface Translator's Note Introduction A Military Thinker Record of Military Service of Colonel Ardant du Picq Extract from the History of the 10th Infantry Regiment PART ONE: ANCIENT BATTLE Introduction I. Man in Primitive and Ancient Combat II. Knowledge of Man Made Roman Tactics; the Successes of Hannibal; Those of Caesar III. Analysis of the Battle of Cannae IV. Analysis of the Battle of Pharsalus and Some Characteristic Examples V. Morale in Ancient Battle VI. How Real Combatants Are Obtained and How the Fighting of To-Day Requires Them to Be More Dependable Than in Ancient Battle VII. Purpose of This Study and What Is Necessary to Complete It PART TWO: MODERN BATTLE I. General Discussion 1. Ancient and Modern Battle 2. Moral Elements in Battle 3. Material and Moral Effect 4. The Theory of Strong Battalions 5. Combat Methods II. Infantry 1. Masses - Deep Columns 2. Skirmishers - Supports - Reserves - Squares 3. Firing 4. Marches - Camps - Night Attacks III. Cavalry 1. Cavalry and Modern Appliances 2. Cavalry Against Cavalry 3. Cavalry Against Infantry 4. Armor and Armament IV. Artillery V. Command, General Staff and Administration VI. Social and Military Institutions; National Characteristics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

THE EARLY GERMANS OF NEW JERSEY: THEIR HISTORY, CHURCHES AND GENEALOGIES By Theodore Frelinghuysen Chambers Preface This work is the result of an attempt to discover the exact time of the first settlement of New Jersey by people of the German race. It is believed that this fact has been ascertained with sufficient certainty. Between 1710 and 1713 nearly all palatines, who have left any trace of their presence, began to arrive in the State and to fulfill their important part in the upbuilding of this commonwealth. In the course of this investigation extending, as it needs must do, in so many directions and having to do with so many records, a large amount of valuable material would naturally accumulate. This has appeared to the author to be worth preserving, even though the labor and expense and risk of so large a book would be required for that purpose. In tracing the families of the early settlers resort has been had to the records at Newton, Belvidere, Flemington, Somerville and Morristown. Every one of the 62 books of wills at Trenton was examined separately. The church records of Stillwater, German Valley, New Germantown, Lebanon and Mount Pleasant, were carefully compiled. To gather additional data the inscriptions in 31 cemeteries from Newton to Flemington, including those of Lamington, Bedminster and Somerville, were copied. Every county, church and family history procurable was consulted, and on this account the writer feels warranted in saying that the genealogies are as complete and accurate as they can be made. . . Contents PART I. I. The Celebration II. Our German Forefathers III. The Moravians IV. The German Emigration V. The German Immigrants VI. Early Church History VII. Rev. Carl Rudolph VIII. Rev. John Albert Weygand IX. Rev. Ludolph Heinrich Schrenck X. The Muhlenbergs XI. New Germantown and German Valley XII. The German Reformed XIII. Fairmount Presbyterian Church XIV. Reformed Church of Lebanon XV. Settlers of Upper German Valley XVI. Settlers of German Valley XVII. Settlers of Lower Valley XVIII. Settlers of Unionville XIX. Settlers of Schooley's Mountain XX. Schooley's Mountain Presbyterian Church XXI. Presbyterian Church of Pleasant Grove XXII. Settlers of Tewksbury Township XXIII. Settlers from Southold and Southampton XXIV. Chester Congregational Church XXV. Chester Presbyterian Church XXVI. Spruce Run--"Swake"--Clarksville Lutheran Churches PART II. Genealogies Abel 227; Adams 229; Aller 230; Alpock 231; Ammerman 234; Anthony 235; Apgar 236; Appelman 243; Aree 243; Ayres 244; Axford 248. . . ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

THE DESIRE OF AGES By Mrs. E. G. White CONTENTS SECTION I. AN OUTLOOK. 1. God with Us 2. The Chosen People 3. The Fulness of the Time SECTION II. EARLY YEARS. 4. Unto You a Saviour 5. The Dedication 6. We Have Seen His Star 7. As a Child 8. The Passover Visit 9. Days of Conflict SECTION III. THE ANOINTED ONE. 10. The Voice in the Wilderness 11. The Baptism 12. The Temptation 13. The Victory 14. We have Found the Messiah 15. At the Marriage Feast 16. In His Temple 17. Nicodemus 18. He Must Increase 19. At Jacob's Well 20. Except Ye See Signs and Wonders 21. Bethesda and the Sanhedrim 22. Imprisonment and Death of John SECTION IV. DAYS OF PROMISE. 23. The Kingdom of God Is at Hand 24. Is Not This the Carpenter's Son? 25. The Call by the Sea 26. At Capernaum 27. Thou Canst Make Me Clean 28. Levi-Matthew 29. The Sabbath 30. He Ordained Twelve 31. The Sermon on the Mount 32. The Centurion 33. Who Are My Brethren? 34. The Invitation 35. Peace, Be Still 36. The Touch of Faith 37. The First Evangelists 38. Come Rest Awhile 39. Give Ye Them To Eat SECTION V. FALLING SHADOWS. 40. A Night on the Lake 41. The Crisis in Galilee 42. Tradition 43. Barriers Broken Down 44. The True Sign 45. The Foreshadowing of the Cross 46. He Was Transfigured 47. Ministry 48. Who Is the Greatest? SECTION VI. THE REJECTED ONE. 49. At The Feast of Tabernacles 50. Among Snares 51. The Light of Life 52. The Divine Shepherd 53. The Last Journey from Galilee 54. The Good Samaritan 55. Not with Outward Show 56. Blessing the Children 57. One Thing Thou Lackest 58. Lazarus, Come Forth 59. Priestly Plottings SECTION VII. NEARING THE END. 60. The Law of the New Kingdom 61. Zaccheus 62. The Feast at Simon's House 63. Thy King Cometh 64. A Doomed People 65. The Temple Cleansed Again 66. Controversy 67. Woes on the Pharisees 68. In the Outer Court 69. On the Mount of Olives 70. The Least of These My Brethren 71. A Servant of Servants 72. In Remembrance of Me 73. Let Not Your Heart Be Troubled SECTION VIII. THE CRUCIFIED. 74. Gethsemane 75. Before Annas and the Court of Caiaphas 76. Judas 77. In Pilate's Judgment Hall 78. Calvary 79. It Is Finished SECTION IX. TO THE FATHER'S THRONE. 80. In Joseph's Tomb 81. The Lord Is Risen 82. Why Weepest Thou? 83. The Walk to Emmaus 84. Peace Be Unto You ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Quellenbuch zur Geschichte des Deutschen Mittelalters, mit Anmerkungen und Historischen Erlauterungen sowie Zustazen By Dr. Ed. Fritsche Vorwort Bei de Behandlung der Geschichte des deutschen Mittelalters in de oberen Klassen ist mir das Bedurfniss einer die 4 wichtigsten Hauptperioden der deutschen Kaisergeschichte enthaltenden Quellensammlung fur die Schule stets hervorgetreten, und deshalb habe ich es mit den geringen mir hier zu Gebote stehenden Hulfsmitteln unternommen, der heranwachsenden Jugend einen geeigneten Letifaden zur Vervollstandigung des mundlichen Vortrages von Seiten des Lehrers in die Hande zu geben. Dazu hat auch vornehmlich der durch die grossen Ereignisse der Jahre 1864, 1866, und 1870--71 hervorgerufene nationale, patriotische Aufschvung Deutschlands, welcher in der Machtstellung unseres deutschen Kaiserthums im Mittelalter seine Analoga findet, viel beigetragen. Die grossartigen Kampfe zwischen Staat und Kirche zur Zeit der salisch-frankischen und der staufischen Kaiser sind mit gebuhrender Wurdigung und grosserer Ausfuhrlichkeit dabei hervorgehoben. Als geeignete Auswahl aus den Quellenschriftstellern sind fur die Karolinger-Zeit, Einhart, Thegan, Nithart, fur die Periode unserer imposanten sachsischen Dynastie, Widukind und Thietmar, fur die den ganzen deutschen Staat und die Kirche beanspruchenden Riesenkampfe unter den salischen und staufischen Kaisern, Reprasentanten verschiedener politischer Parteifarbung, wie z. B. Bruno, Lambert und Otto von Freisingen nebst seinen Fortsetzern gewahlt worden. Moge demnach diese Arbeit unter Gottes gnadigem Beistande in den Herzen der deutschen Jugend die Fruchte zeitigen helfen, welche wir alle als deutsche geeinigte Bruderstamme aus den letzten grossen, gewaltigen Ereignissen zu pflucken berechtigt sind. Einleitung Die deutschen Volkerschaften sassen ursprunglich sudlich von den Gestaden der Nord-und Ostsee und waren im Norden getrennt von den Scandinaviern, im Suden und Westen von den Celten, im Osten von den Slaven. Es war das reich gegliederte, gestaltete, von dem kraftigsten Baumwuchs geschmuckte Germanien ein recht gesegnetes Land, von einem kernigen, gestahlten Menschenschlage bewohnt, welcher sich durch seinen machtigen Freiheitsdrang und seine Vaterlandsliebe auszeichnete. Dabei documentirte sich jedoch schon fruhzeitig eine Spaltung und Zerrissenheit unter ihnen, da jeder einzelne Stamm seine besonderen staatlichen Verbande aufzeigte. Ueber Krieg und Frieden hatte aber die Gesammtheit des Volkes nahere Entscheidung zu treffen, welche man in den bei Neu- oder Vollumond veranstalteten Gauversammlungen zu beschliessen sich bemuhte. Hier bediente man sich auch der Loose und man refusirte oder applaudirte mit einem unwilligen ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Poor Miss Finch: a novel By Wilkie Collins Contents I-Madame Pratolungo presents herself II-Madam Pratolungo makes a voyage on land III-Poor Miss Finch IV-Twilight view of the man V-Candlelight view of the man VI-A cage of finches VII-Daylight view of the man VIII-The perjury of the clock IX-The hero of the trial X-First appearance of Jicks XI-Blind love XII-Mr. Finch smells money XIII-Second appearance of Jicks XIV-Discoveries at Browndown XV-Events at the bedside XVI-First result of the robbery XVII-The doctor's opinion XVIII-Family troubles XIX-Second result of the robbery XX-Good Papa again! XXI-Madame Pratolungo returns to Dimchurch XXII-The twin-brother's letter XXIII-He sets us all right XXIV-He sees Lucilla Excerpt from Chapter I You are here invited to read the story of an event which occurred in an out-of-the-way corner of England, some years since. The persons principally concerned in the event are: --a blind girl; two (twin) brothers; a skilled surgeon; and a curious foreign woman. I am the curious foreign woman. And I take it on myself--for-reasons which will presently appear--to tell the story. So far we understand each other. Good. I may make myself known to you as briefly as I can. I am Madame Pratolungo--widow of that celebrated South American patriot, Doctor Pratolungo. I am French by birth. Before I married the Doctor, I went through many vicissitudes in my own country. They ended in leaving me (at an age which is of no consequence to anybody) with some experience of the world; with a cultivated musical talent on the pianoforte; and with a comfortable little fortune unexpectedly bequeathed to me by a relative of my dead dead mother (which fortune I shared with good Papa and with my younger sisters). To these qualifications I added another, the most precious of all, when I married the Doctor; namely--a strong infusion of ultra-liberal principles. Vive la Republique! Some people do one thing, and some do another, in the way of celebrating the event of their marriage. Having become man and wife, Doctor Pratolungo and I took ship to Central America--and devoted our honeymoon, in those disturbed districts, to the sacred duty of destroying tyrants. Ah! the vital air of my noble husband was the air of revolutions. From his youth upwards he had followed the glorious profession of Patriot. Wherever the people of the Southern New World rose and declared their independence--and, in my time, that fervent population did nothing else--there was the Doctor self-devoted on the altar of his adopted country. He had been fifteen times exiled, and... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Poetry and Prose: a book of fresh verses and new readings--essays and letters lately found--and passages formerly suppressed By John Keats Edited by H. Buxton Forman Contents New Readings in "Hadst thou liv'd in days of old" New Readings in the Epistle to George Keats Cancelled Passages of Lamia Rejected Stanza and Variations in Isabella Rejected Stanza and Variations in The Eve of St. Agnes Variations in the Ode to a Nightingale Variations in the Ode to Psyche Variations in Fancy Variations in Lines on the Mermaid Tavern Variations in Robin Hood Cancelled Passages of Hyperion Women, Wine and Snuff, additional "Nonsense Verses" New Readings in the Hymn to Apollo Variation in the Sonnet "After dark vapors" New Readings in "Unfelt, unheard, unseen" Variation in the Sonnet on the Sea Variations in "Welcome joy, and welcome sorrow Variation in the sonnet "When I have fears" Variations in the Sonnet to Homer Sonnet: The Human Seasons, Fresh Version New Readings in Lines on Seeing a Lock of Milton's Hair Variation in the Sonnet on Sitting Down to Read King Lear once again New Readings in the Sonnet to the Nile New Readings in the Sonnet "Blue! 'Tis the life of Heaven" Variations in "I had a dove" New Readings in Lines Written in the Highlands Cancelled Passage of Staffa Variations in the Sonnet "Why did I laugh to-night?" Variation in the Sonnet on a Dream After Reading Dante's Episode of Paulo and Francesca Variations in Spenserian Stanzas on Charles Armitage Brown New Readings in the Song of Four Faeries An Extempore, Episode for a Comic Poem New Readings in Sonnets on Fame Variations in Sonnet to Sleep New Readings in La Belle Dame sans Merci Cancelled Passages of King Stephen Variations in "Nonsense Verses" on Oxford Variations in Sonnet to Mrs. Reynolds's Cat Sonnet to Keats on Reading his Sonnet written in Chaucer, by John Hamilton Reynolds Review of Reynolds's Peter Bell Notice of Retribution, or the Chieftain's Daughter, a Tragedy Notice of Don Giovanni, a Pantomime Fresh Letters and Additional Passages ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Pio Nono: a study in European politics and religion in the nineteenth century By E.E.Y. Hales Contents Preface I-The Liberal Pope and His Inheritance --Mastai Feretti, Bishop, in Pope Gregory XVI's dominion --The beginnings of Liberal-Catholicism II-The Reforming Pope --Pio Nono, political reformer --The Pope becomes a constitutional monarch --The war against Austria --The murder of Rossi and flight of the Pope III-The Revolution --Mazzini and the dogma of the people --The Roman Republic IV-Peace and Reconstruction --The restoration of two hierarchies and the immaculate conception --Peaceful development in the Papal state V-Turin versus Rome --The religious aggression in Piedmont --The War of 1859 --De Merode creates a volunteer army --Castelfidardo VI-Napoleon and Rome --Cavour and Pio Nono --Napoleon and Pio Nono --The defence of the patrimony of St. Peter VII-Pio Nono versus Liberalism --The syllabus of errors --The eclipse of Liberal-Catholicism: Montalembert, Dollinger, Acton, and Pio Nono --From the syllabus to the Vatican Council VIII-Triumph, Defeat, and Death --The Vatican Council --The prisoner in the Vatican Preface Why, since his death in 1878, has no study appeared in England of Pio Nono? Perhaps because he was a Pope. Yet this seems insufficient answer since he was also a leading character--at first the leading character--in that drama so dear to Englishmen, the Italian Risorgimento. And even as Pope he forced himself upon the attention of Englishmen in his day by his "Papal Aggression" in restoring the Catholic Hierarchy to England, by issuing the Syllabus of Errors, by defining Papal Infallibility, by enraging both Gladstone and Exeter Hall by reigning longer than any Pope had ever reigned, by recruiting an international army, by losing the most ancient sovereignty of Europe--the Papal State. In an important sense Pio Nono was the central figure of the mid-nineteenth century. But we name epochs after their political arbiters, we talk of Metternich's Europe, and Bismarck's Europe, so that the period between the flight of Metternich in 1848 and the foundation of the German Empire in 1870 becomes Napoleon III's Europe--or Pamerston's. If, with Shakespeare, we were to choose for our title the suffering tragic hero, the symbolic central character, then the middle of the century would be called the age of Pio Nono--for the same reasons as Shakespeare called his plays King Lear or Othello, rather than Goneril or Iago. Those who were working for change, or for power, assailed the Pope's claims, and... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the t

Etymologicum Magnum Romaniae Dictionarul Limbei Istorice si Poporane De B. Petriceicu-Hasdeu Pre-cuvintare Aveam in cuget de a da in fruntea tomului IV al Etimologicului o introducere de vreo trei-patru cole de tipar dupe mustra tomurilor trecute. O intelegere luata in sinul Academiei Romane, in sedintele din 27 si 29 martie 1897, pune capat lucrarii mele ingaduindu mi urmarea numai pina la anul 1898. Fata cu acesta urmare, adeca curmare din partea doctului corp, de vreme ce nu voiu mai pasi iainte, m'am hotarit de a ma executa pe mine insumi print un nec-plus-ultra dupa mesura mijlocelor mele. Iata de ce "Negru voda" este asa cum este. Este o datoria a mea de inima si de minte de a rosti aci o adanca, o nemarginita, o adeverata recunoscinta Maicslalii Salc Regelui, care singur m'a indemnat la munca si mi-a inlesnit'o astfel ca Intemeiatorului Regatului Romanilor i se inchina studiul meu despre Intemeiatorii Statului Terei-Romanesci. Si ispravind, mandur de cate am facut, facand ceea ce am voit eu a face, las Etimologicului un maret vesnic adio, mangaindu-me cu vorba Stapanului meu: "sint multe lacase." ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Discovery of the Yosemite, and the Indian War of 1851, which led to that event By Lafayette Houghton Hunnel MD Introduction The book here presented is the result of an attempt to correct existing errors relative to the Yosemite Valley. It was originally designed to compress the matter in this volume within the limits of a magazine article, but this was soon found to be impracticable; and, at the suggestion of Gen. C. H. Berry, of Winona, Minnesota, it was decided to "write a book." This, too, proved more difficult than at first appeared. Born in Rochester, New York, in 1824, and carried to western wilds in 1833, the writer's opportunities for culture were limited; and in this, his first attempt at authorship, he has found that the experiences of frontier life are not the best preparations for literary effort. Beside this, he had mainly to rely upon his own resources, for nothing could be obtained in the archives of California that could aid him. It was not deemed just that California should forget the deeds of men who had subdued her savages, and discovered her most sublime scenery. Having been a member of the "Mariposa Battalion," and with it when the Yosemite was discovered, having suggested its name, and named many of the principal objects of interest in and near the valley, it seemed a duty that the writer owed his comrades and himself, to give the full history of these events. Many of the facts incident thereto have already been given tot he public by the author at various times since 1851, but these have been so mutilated or blended with fiction, that a renewed and full statement of facts concerning that remarkable locality seems desirable. While engaged upon this work, the writer was aided by the scientific researches of Prof. J. D. Whitney, and by the "acute and helpful criticism" of Doctor James M. Cole of Winona, Minnesota. Since the publication of the second edition of this book, and an article from the author's pen in the Century Magazine for September, 1890, numerous letters of approval from old comrades have been received, and a few dates obtained from old official correspondence that will now be introduced. In addition to what may properly belong to this history, there have been introduced a few remarks concerning the habits and character of the Indians. This subject is not entirely new, but the opinions expressed are the results of many years acquaintance with various tribes, and may be useful. Excerpt from Chapter I During the winter of 1849-50, while ascending the old Bear Valley trail from Ridley's ferry, on the Merced river, my attention was attracted to the stupendous rocky peaks of the Sierra Nevadas. In the distance an immense... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

What is Art? By Count Lyof N. Tolstoi THIS book of mine, "What is Art? " appears now for the first time in its true form. More than one edition has already been issued in Russia, but in each case it has been so mutilated by the " Censor," that I request all who are interested in my views on art only to judge of them by the work in its present shape. The causes which led to the publication of the book - with my name attached to it - in a mutilated form were the following: In accordance with a decision I arrived at long ago, - not to submit my writings to the " Censorship " (which I consider to be an immoral and irrational institution), but to print them only in the shape in which they were written, - I intended not to attempt to print this work in Russia. However, my good acquaintance, Professor Grote, editor of a Moscow psychological magazine, having heard of the contents of my work, asked me to print it in his magazine, and promised me that he would get the book through the "Censor's" office unmutilated if I would but agree to a few very unimportant alterations, merely toning down certain expressions. I was weak enough to agree to this, and it has resulted in a book appearing under my name, from which not only have some essential thoughts been excluded, but into which the thoughts of other men - even thoughts utterly opposed to my own convictions - have been introduced. The thing occurred in this way. First, Grote softened my expressions, and in some cases weakened them. For instance, he replaced the words: always by sometimes, all by some, Church religion by Roman Catholic religion, " Mother of God " by Madonna, patriotism by pseudo-patriotism, palaces by palatii, etc., and I did not consider it necessary to protest. But when the book was already in type, the Censor required that whole sentences should be altered, and that instead of what I said about the evil of landed property, a remark should be substituted on the evils of a landless proletariat. I agreed to this also, and to some further alterations. It seemed not worthwhile to upset the whole affair for the sake of one sentence, and when one alteration had been agreed to it seemed not worthwhile to protest against a second and a third. So, little by little, expressions crept into the book which altered the sense and attributed things to me that I could not have wished to say. So that by the time the book was printed it had been deprived of some part of its integrity and sincerity. But there was consolation in the thought that the book, even in this form, if it contains something that is good, would be of use to Russian readers whom it would otherwise not have reached. Things, however, turned out otherwise. Nous comptions sans notre hôte. After the legal term of four days had already elapsed, the... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

The Works of Thomas Chalmers, DD By Thomas Chalmers, DD EVIDENCES OF CHRISTIANITY. Chapter I-On the Principles of Historical Evidence, and their Application to the Question of the Truth of Christianity Chapter II - On the Authenticity of Different Books of the New Testament Chapter III - On the internal Marks of Truth and Honesty to be found in the New Testament Chapter IV- On the Testimony of the Original Witnesses to the Truth of the Gospel Narrative Chapter V - On the Testimony of Subsequent Witnesses Chapter VI-Remarks on the Argument from Prophecy Chapter VII- Remarks on the Skepticism of Geologists Chapter VIII --On the Internal Evidence, and the Objections of Deistical Infidels Chapter IX- On the Way of Proposing the Argument to Atheistical Infidels Chapter X- On the Supreme Authority of Revelation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

War in Nicaragua By General William Walker No history is so hard to write as that of our own times. Few, if any, can free themselves from the fashions of thought and opinion which control the daily life of their neighbors, and every one inhales to some extent the vapors and miasms floating in the air he hourly breathes. The task is even more difficult if a man attempts to narrate events in which he has taken. As the soldier, warmed by the heat of battle, dimly sees through the dust and smoke of a well-fought field, the large movements which decide the issue of the conflict, so he who has mingled in the struggles of parties or the contests of nations, may not be as well fitted as others to speak of facts molded partially by his own will and hand. But if the memoir writer be fair and discreet, he may contribute materials for future use, and his very errors may instruct after ages. The author of the following narrative does not expect to attain perfect truth in all things; he merely asks the reader to give him credit for the desire to state facts accurately, and to reason justly about the circumstances attending the presence of the Americans in Nicaragua... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

The Typology of Scripture Viewed in Connexion with the Entire Scheme of the Divine Dispensations Vol. 1 By Patrick Fairbairn The two Volumes here offered to the public, are in substance a republication of those, bearing the same general title, which apparently, the one in 1845, the other in 1847; yet not without considerable differences. The principles brought out on the subject of Typology are, with a few slight modifications, the same in this as in the former edition, and the same view is consequently exhibited of the nature of the connection between the Old and the New Testament dispensations. The portion of the work, however, in which the principles of the subject are formally investigated, has been entirely rewritten, and, by means both of omissions and additions, of alterations in thought and style, has been rendered more distinct in statement, and, it is hoped also, more clear and conclusive in argument. The remaining position of the first volume, which treats in detail of primeval and patriarchal times, has been yet more materially changed, and by much the larger proportion of this part of the volume, as it now stands, differs from the corresponding volume of the former edition various fresh topics are here for the first time introduced and are the discussion of others a more natural and appropriate method has been adopted. By adhering more closely to the guidance of Scripture, and keeping more carefully in view the progression in the Divine plan, a better, and to my own mind at least, a more satisfactory view has been presented of both the religion and the history of the periods before the Law. Several things, which might otherwise appear to be defects in the older records of Scripture, and which have often been felt to be somewhat anomalous, are thus seen to be entirely in place, and to have naturally arisen from the method of the Divine procedure. The second volume differs both less frequently and materially from the corresponding volume of the first edition occasional alterations, however, have been introduced throughout the volume; and several new sections have been added toward the close. A good deal of supplemental y matter, closely connected with the main theme, has been thrown into the form of appendices, a portion of which have already appeared elsewhere, and a portion also belonged to the first edition But the later part of an appendix, in the first volume of this edition, on the restoration of the Jews, that, namely, which treated the prophecies supposed to refer to the subject, has been omitted here The chief reason for this omission is, not any change of opinion regarding the interpretation of those prophecies, but a conviction that the subject enters too largely into Old Testament... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Reckless: Pride of the Marines By Andrew Geer Introduction I first heard of Reckless shortly after joining the 1st Marine Division in Korea in June of 1953. I was told she was a beautiful little mare with the head of a thoroughbred, but my first reaction was that this was probably an exaggeration, as I had seen many of the horses from past service in the Far East and knew them to be the Mongolian type of pony. I was also told of her heroic behavior in the battle of Vegas. Some of the tales I heard were difficult to believe. I first saw this little lady, however, when the Division was in reserve for a brief period. After many, many months of close and bloody contact with the Chinese enemy, the Marines were given a respite from war. There was time to relax. A carnival was organized and a vast field was converted to an area where games of chance were operated. The profits from this venture were to go to Navy Relief. It was then that I first saw Reckless. I was surprised at her beauty and intelligence, and believe it or not, her esprit de corps. Like any other Marine, she was enjoying a bottle of beer with her comrades. She was constantly the center of attraction and was fully aware of her importance. If she failed to receive the attention she felt her due, she would deliberately walk into a group of Marines and, in effect, enter the conversation. It was obvious the Marines loved her. Within a few days of the carnival the 1st Marine Division went back into the line and once again Reckless performed with a courage and spirit that was difficult to understand or believe. Later, after the fighting had stopped, I was invited to attend a formal ceremony where Reckless was cited for bravery and I had the pleasure of promoting her to the rank of sergeant. Still later, there was another fund raising campaign in connection with the Iwo Jima Memorial Many ideas were initiated to promote competition among units to see which could raise the most money. Suddenly Reckless was "kidnapped" and held for considerable ransom. The news swept the Division like wildfire. Needless to say, her ransom was quickly forthcoming and the fund over-subscribed. In my career I have seen many animals that have been adopted by Marines, but never in all my experience have I seen one which won the hearts of so many as did this lovely little lady known as Reckless. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Country Life Readers By Cora Wilson Stewart Third Book Preface There is an increasing demand for the education of adult illiterates who have somehow missed their opportunity in early life, and also for the better education of adults that have a very limited degree of learning. The city has provided for this need to some extent with evening Schools, designed mainly for foreigners. All the textbooks for evening schools have, therefore, been prepared strictly for immigrants and city dwellers. Rural America is coming to realize that there exists a need for education among adults in the rural sections as much as among those in the cities. For this reason moonlight schools, rural evening schools, which begin their sessions on moonlight evenings, have been established and have now been extended to fifteen States. The people attending these schools demand textbooks which deal with the problems of rural life and which reflect rural life, and to meet this demand this book has been prepared. The author has utilized the opportunity when the rural dweller is learning to read to stimulate a livelier and more intelligent interest in such subjects as agriculture, horticulture, good roads, home economics, health and sanitation, and those subjects, which, if taught to him, will make for a richer and happier life on the farm. Suggestions to Teachers An excellent opportunity is offered in this Reader to introduce profitably certain objects and operations of rural life. If the teacher will utilize this opportunity, it will both give an added interest to the subject and impress the principles of the same. Therefore, the teacher is urged to study these suggestions and to follow them as carefully as possible. 1. The script, following the printed lesson, is designed to constitute the writing lesson of the evening's session, and should be copied at least ten times. The letters in script are intended for additional practice work in copying.2. In connection with the road lessons on pages 10 and 11, a discussion of good and bad roads would be profitable, this discussion being based on the facts stated in these lessons. For instance, there may be an estimate of time lost and of injury to team and wagon by bad roads.3. For teaching the banking lesson on page 17, a supply of blank checks should be provided in advance. After the lesson has been read, the checks should be distributed among the students. Then, after a line is read in concert, the action mentioned should be performed by the class. For example, after the class reads, "I write the date," all should write the date on their checks; after reading the next line, they should write the name of the payee.4. The lessons on fruit will be more interesting if... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Country Life Readers By Cora Wilson Stewart Second Book Preface There is an increasing demand for the education of adult illiterates who have somehow missed their opportunity in early life, and also for the better education of adults that have a very limited degree of learning. The city has provided for this need to some extent with evening Schools, designed mainly for foreigners. All the textbooks for evening schools have, therefore, been prepared strictly for immigrants and city dwellers. Rural America is coming to realize that there exists a need for education among adults in the rural sections as much as among those in the cities. For this reason moonlight schools, rural evening schools, which begin their sessions on moonlight evenings, have been established and have now been extended to fifteen States. The people attending these schools demand textbooks which deal with the problems of rural life and which reflect rural life, and to meet this demand this book has been prepared. The author has utilized the opportunity when the rural dweller is learning to read to stimulate a livelier and more intelligent interest in such subjects as agriculture, horticulture, good roads, home economics, health and sanitation, and those subjects, which, if taught to him, will make for a richer and happier life on the farm. Suggestions to Teachers An excellent opportunity is offered in this Reader to introduce profitably certain objects and operations of rural life. If the teacher will utilize this opportunity, it will both give an added interest to the subject and impress the principles of the same. Therefore, the teacher is urged to study these suggestions and to follow them as carefully as possible. 1. The script, following the printed lesson, is designed to constitute the writing lesson of the evening's session, and should be copied at least ten times. The letters in script are intended for additional practice work in copying.2. In connection with the road lessons on pages 10 and 11, a discussion of good and bad roads would be profitable, this discussion being based on the facts stated in these lessons. For instance, there may be an estimate of time lost and of injury to team and wagon by bad roads.3. For teaching the banking lesson on page 17, a supply of blank checks should be provided in advance. After the lesson has been read, the checks should be distributed among the students. Then, after a line is read in concert, the action mentioned should be performed by the class. For example, after the class reads, "I write the date," all should write the date on their checks; after reading the next line, they should write the name of the payee.4. The lessons on fruit will be more interesting if... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Belgium and Western Germany in 1833Volume IIBy Mrs. Trollope ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

The Still-HunterBy Theodore S. van Dyke ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.

Rose of the Winds: the Origin and Development of the Compass-Card By Silvanus P. Thompson Excerpt Although the construction of the compass lies outside the scope of this inquiry, some preliminary considerations are necessary concerning the origin of the compass itself; and these must be stated briefly. The mariners' compass, as we know it to-day, consists of a light circular disk or card, beneath which is attached a magnetic needle or system of magnetic needles. The card is provided at its centre with a small cap, by which it is poised movably upon a pin. The whole is enclosed in a hollow box or bowl covered with a flat lid of glass; and the compass box or bowl is suspended within two hinged rings of brass to enable it to conserve its proper horizontal position in spite of any tilting movement to which it is subjected by the rolling or pitching of the ship on which it is carried. The card is divded out into thirty-two 'points' or 'rhumbs' of equal angular breadth forming a rose or star, and to these are affixed the initials of the names of the thirty-two points. The magnet needle, or system of needles, is affixed to the card parallel to the direction marked NS on the card, so that when left to itself, the card, obeying the directive force which acts on the needle, sets itself in a direction pointing (magnetically) North and South; the several 'points' marked on the card then indicating the several directions that the mariner may know in which way to steer in order to follow his desired course. The card is also usually marked at its North point with a fleur-de-lis or other distinctive sign. The magnetic needle is controlled in its pointing by the magnetism of the earth's globe. It is no part of the present paper to enter upon the reasons for the irregularities which are found to exist in the directive force of the earth, and which produce those local 'variations' of the compass which the mariner encounters everywhere. Neither is there here any question considered as to the errors or perturbations due to the presence near the compass of pieces of iron on the ship, nor as to those due to the incidental presence of magnetism in the iron of the ship's hull or fittings; nor, again, as to the means for compensating those perturbations or correcting those errors. The compass, as above described, has remained practically unchanged in all essential particulars for... ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Windham Press is committed to bringing the lost cultural heritage of ages past into the 21st century through high-quality reproductions of original, classic printed works at affordable prices. This book has been carefully crafted to utilize the original images of antique books rather than error-prone OCR text. This also preserves the work of the original typesetters of these classics, unknown craftsmen who laid out the text, often by hand, of each and every page you will read. Their subtle art involving judgment and interaction with the text is in many ways superior and more human than the mechanical methods utilized today, and gave each book a unique, hand-crafted feel in its text that connected the reader organically to the art of bindery and book-making. We think these benefits are worth the occasional imperfection resulting from the age of these books at the time of scanning, and their vintage feel provides a connection to the past that goes beyond the mere words of the text.