A New Concept for Mass

Scientific Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Physics - Theoretical Physics, , language: English, abstract: This paper proposes a model for mass that combines two theories.

Gunnar Nordström¿s theorized mass is dependent on the scalar gravitational field and Stark theorized that our elementary particles are composed of fundamental excited Dark Matter (DM) particles.
Dm excitation theory is that our elementary particles are DM particles. DM particles are excited via collisions, creating closed Electromagnetic (EM) oscillations about a DM particle, transforming the DM particle into our elementary particles. DM particles are the fundamental particle.
Nordström¿s theory rivaled Einstein¿s relativity. Nordström describes the gravitational flux as scalar rather than a vector as treated by Einstein. Nordström¿s theory failed to mathematically demonstrate photon refraction when passing by stars whereas Einstein¿s relativity predicted the refraction, which resulted in acceptance of Einstein¿s theory. However, reevaluation of Nordström¿s theory is warranted because new observations are correctly predicted by Nordström¿s theory and not by Einstein¿s relativity. Examples are: (a) the expanding, accelerating universe, (b) galaxy rotation, (c) variation of the big G gravitational constant. The variation of G is currently a topic for experiments.