Polyphenols: Mechanisms of Action and Role in Cancer

Polyphenols are compounds that are derived from plant sources and are beneficial for the human body. These compounds have one aromatic ring along with attached hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups. They are divided into two types, namely, flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Lignans, phenolic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, and stilbenes are among antioxidants that fall under the category of polyphenols. They inhibit carcinogenesis during the initiation of cell defense systems, including antioxidant and detoxifying enzyme systems, and inhibit anti-cellular and anti-inflammatory growth signaling pathways in cellular death. A diet rich in vegetables and fruits containing natural polyphenols can lower the risk of certain cancers. Dietary polyphenols have been demonstrated to influence the overall process of carcinogenesis through a variety of mechanisms. The effects of consuming dietary polyphenols might vary depending on tissue or cell type, and can also vary based on the quantity consumed. Polyphenols may also be recommended for cancer prevention and improving the existing cancer treatments. This book provides comprehensive insights into the role of polyphenols in treating cancer. It will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.