The Flexible City

How to turn cities into climate-adaptive environments and create circular production processesAll over Europe, cities struggle with an accumulation of environmental crises, including global warming, the depletion of natural resources and pollution. This book presents a toolbox by which circularity and climate adaptation can be implemented successfully. Based on existing local qualities, the proactivity of users and a step-by-step approach, this volume presents solutions tailored to the European situation, with its democratic tradition, the ways heritage is acknowledged and how it moves along with the unpredictability of economic tides. With the help of a network of local reporters, authors Tom Bergevoet and Maarten van Tuijl compare European cities, identify similarities and trends, and describe tools and successful examples in detail. This creates an inspiring handbook for anyone contributing to the future of the European city, from civil servants and policymakers to developers, designers, builders and users.