Dual Sovereignty

Dual sovereignty is a concept that recognizes that Indigenous peoples have their own distinct legal systems and jurisdictions, which coexist with those of the state. This concept has been used in a number of countries to address the historical injustices and ongoing challenges faced by Indigenous peoples.
One of the key benefits of dual sovereignty is that it can provide a path to justice and reconciliation for Indigenous peoples. When Indigenous peoples have their own legal systems and jurisdictions, they are able to hold perpetrators of human rights abuses accountable and to seek redress for their grievances. Dual sovereignty can also help to promote reconciliation by helping to create a more just and equitable society for all.
There are a number of different ways in which dual sovereignty can be implemented. In some cases, Indigenous peoples have negotiated treaties with the state that establish their own self-governing governments and legal systems. In other cases, Indigenous peoples have asserted their sovereignty through customary law and traditional governance structures.
Dual sovereignty has been successful in a number of countries, including New Zealand, Canada, and Australia. In New Zealand, the Treaty of Waitangi, which was signed between the British Crown and the Maori people in 1840, establishes a partnership between the two groups. This partnership includes recognition of the Maori people's sovereignty over their own lands and resources.